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version 1.4, 2002/06/03 21:29:28	version 1.5, 2002/06/04 21:07:28
Line 27	Line 27
\quotes_times 2	\quotes_times 2
\papercolumns 1	\papercolumns 1
\papersides 1	\papersides 1
\paperpagestyle fancy	\paperpagestyle headings

\layout Title	\layout Title

Line 91 Michigan State University	Line 91 Michigan State University
Introduction to LON-CAPA	Introduction to LON-CAPA
\layout Comment	\layout Comment

This is a comment which will not show in any other rendering of this document.	This is a comment that will not show in any other rendering of this document.
I will use them to document my observations as I work through this tutorial.	I will use them to document my observations as I work through this tutorial.
\layout Comment	\layout Comment

Line 110 IMHO	Line 110 IMHO
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

LON-CAPA is a web-based interface that helps to organize and present your	LON-CAPA is a web-based interface that helps to organize and present your
course website, deliver and manage problem problems, and manage student	course website, deliver and manage problems, and manage student enrollment.
enrollment.	All author functions are done using a web browser (Netscape 4.x or higher,
All author functions are done using a web browser (Netscape 4.x or higher	a recent Mozilla, or IE 5+ required) and the LON-CAPA Author Interface.
is recommended) and the LON-CAPA Author Interface.
The URL for LON-CAPA is
\family typewriter
http://s10.lite.msu.edu
\family default
.
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

At this time, you should have:	At this time, you should have:
Line 147 typewriter font	Line 141 typewriter font
.	.
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

Chapters	Much of this document can be used as a tutorial that will introduce you
	to the authoring system.
	In particular, chapters
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Author Interface}	\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Author Interface}

\end_inset	\end_inset
Line 157 Chapters	Line 153 Chapters

\end_inset	\end_inset

comprise a tutorial that will introduce you to the authoring system.	comprise a basic tutorial that can get you started using LON-CAPA, even
After that, this document is a reference manual for authoring course materials.	with no previous LON-CAPA experience.
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

For more information, see the website at http://help.loncapa.org/, where you	For more information, see the website at
can get help and information.	\family typewriter
	http://help.loncapa.org/
	\family default
	, where you can get help.
If you cannot find an answer for your question, please email us and let	If you cannot find an answer for your question, please email us and let
us know, so we put the solution to your problem online.	us know, so we can put the solution to your problem online for everyone.
\layout Section	\layout Section

The LON-CAPA Author Interface	The LON-CAPA Author Interface
Line 184 Login as Course Author	Line 183 Login as Course Author
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

To begin using LON-CAPA, you first need to log in to your account on LON-CAPA.	To begin using LON-CAPA, you first need to log in to your account on LON-CAPA.
Open your web browser and navigate to the LON-CAPA URL:	Open your web browser and navigate to your local LON-CAPA URL.
\family typewriter
http://s10.lite.msu.edu/
\family default
.
You will be presented with a log in screen as in figure	You will be presented with a log in screen as in figure
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{LON-CAPA Log in screen}	\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{LON-CAPA Log in screen}

Line 261 remote control	Line 256 remote control
complexity of modern remotes, for three major reasons: One, they never,	complexity of modern remotes, for three major reasons: One, they never,
ever, ever change.	ever, ever change.
Two, they provide immense amounts of tactile feedback, allowing one to	Two, they provide immense amounts of tactile feedback, allowing one to
overcome the complexity of using one by putting the knowlege into motor	overcome the complexity of using one by putting the knowledge into motor
memory.	memory.
(There are equivalent usability principles in usability, as well; look	(There are equivalent usability principles in usability, as well; look
up Fitt's Law, for instance.) Three, they all basically do the same thing;	up Fitt's Law, for instance.) Three, they all basically do the same thing;
Line 292 menu	Line 287 menu
remote control space.	remote control space.
\layout Comment	\layout Comment

In fact, the metaphor is so unsuccessful that any moderately savvy internet	In fact, the metaphor is so unsuccessful that any moderately savvy Internet
user will almost immediately come to conceptualize the remote as just another	user will almost immediately come to conceptualize the remote as just another
list of links, albiet a clumsy and inconvenient one.	list of links, albeit a clumsy and inconvenient one.
Why not give them that in the first place?	Why not give them that in the first place?
\layout Comment	\layout Comment

Line 324 remote	Line 319 remote
\layout Comment	\layout Comment

3.	3.
By commiting to this	By committing to this
\begin_inset Quotes eld	\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset	\end_inset

Line 333 remote control	Line 328 remote control
\end_inset	\end_inset

layout, you commit to a remote control's layout limitations, except that	layout, you commit to a remote control's layout limitations, except that
an actual remote control can get away with a 6pt or smaller font, or wierd	an actual remote control can get away with a 6pt or smaller font, or weird
specialized symbols, or whatnot.	specialized symbols, or whatnot.
I'm looking at a (real) remote control right now that manages to get	I'm looking at a (real) remote control right now that manages to get
\begin_inset Quotes eld	\begin_inset Quotes eld
Line 352 ROLES	Line 347 ROLES
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset	\end_inset

button takes up on my printout! So in actuality, you're commiting to something	button takes up on my printout! So in actuality, you're committing to something
no sane remote control designer could deal with.	no sane remote control designer could deal with.
\layout Comment	\layout Comment

Line 376 ROLES	Line 371 ROLES

The upshot is that the only upside to the remote control is a moderately	The upshot is that the only upside to the remote control is a moderately
pleasing graphic; the downsides are pretty much everything, up to and including	pleasing graphic; the downsides are pretty much everything, up to and including
possible illegality under accessability laws.	possible illegality under accessibility laws.
Unfortunately, I do not see any way to salvage any aspect of the remote	Unfortunately, I do not see any way to salvage any aspect of the remote
control; it's going to suck until it's replaced.	control; it's going to suck until it's replaced.
Pleasing graphics are relatively easy to come by nowadays; it should not	Pleasing graphics are relatively easy to come by nowadays; it should not
Line 525 Content Page	Line 520 Content Page

displays course content.	displays course content.
It is essentially a conventional HTML page.	It is essentially a conventional HTML page.
	These resources use the extension
\layout Comment	\begin_inset Quotes eld
	\end_inset

	.html
	\begin_inset Quotes erd
	\end_inset

Check this; is it exactly like HTML pages?	.
\layout Itemize	\layout Itemize

A	A
Line 572 Sequence	Line 572 Sequence

\series default	\series default
type represents a programmed series of events.	type represents a programmed series of events.
The users of this resource can use buttons on their remote or the NAV button	The users of this resource can use directional buttons on their remote
to follow the sequence.	or the NAV button to follow the sequence.
These resources are stored in files that must use the extension	These resources are stored in files that must use the extension
\begin_inset Quotes eld	\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset	\end_inset
Line 583 Sequence	Line 583 Sequence
\end_inset	\end_inset

.	.
\layout Comment

What
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset

arrow keys
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

? Surely not the ones on the keyboard\SpecialChar \ldots{}

\layout Itemize	\layout Itemize

A	A
Line 651 Construction Space	Line 639 Construction Space
\end_inset	\end_inset


\end_float	\layout Standard
The Construction Space, as seen in figure
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Construction Space Figure}

\end_inset

, is the section of LON-CAPA where you create and manage your course resources.	Contents of the Construction Space:
The Construction Space consists of a green tool bar at the top of the page
and a list of all directories and resources below.
\layout Standard	\layout Standard


\begin_inset Tabular	\begin_inset Tabular
<lyxtabular version="2" rows="10" columns="2">	<lyxtabular version="2" rows="10" columns="2">
<features rotate="false" islongtable="true" endhead="0" endfirsthead="0" endfoot="0" endlastfoot="0">	<features rotate="false" islongtable="false" endhead="0" endfirsthead="0" endfoot="0" endlastfoot="0">
<column alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="false" width="" special="">	<column alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="false" width="" special="">
<column alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" width="5in" special="">	<column alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" width="5in" special="">
<row topline="true" bottomline="true" newpage="false">	<row topline="true" bottomline="true" newpage="false">
Line 857 Type a name in the entry box to create a	Line 839 Type a name in the entry box to create a
\end_inset	\end_inset


	\end_float
	The Construction Space, as seen in figure
	\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Construction Space Figure}

	\end_inset

	, is the section of LON-CAPA where you create and manage your course resources.
	The figure explains what each button does.
\layout Subsection	\layout Subsection

How to Create New Content Pages	How to Create New Content Pages
Line 873 Content Pages	Line 863 Content Pages
\series default	\series default
are HTML documents that display the course information you are presenting.	are HTML documents that display the course information you are presenting.
To create new Content Pages, do the following:	To create new Content Pages, do the following:
\layout Comment

Is step one necessary? I don't see how it could be.
\layout Enumerate	\layout Enumerate

Click the	Click the
Line 904 directory/new_resource.html	Line 891 directory/new_resource.html
Press the Return or Enter key.	Press the Return or Enter key.
\layout Enumerate	\layout Enumerate

You should see something like the following message:	You should see something like the following message: File not found: /home/wmson
\series bold	j/priv/\SpecialChar \-
File not found: /home/wmsonj/priv/\SpecialChar \-	directory/new_resource.html, and an Edit button.
directory/new_resource.html
\series default
, and an Edit button.
Click the	Click the
\begin_inset Quotes eld	\series bold
\end_inset

Edit	Edit
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\series default
\end_inset

button, and an HTML editor will open with a simple page template.	button, and an HTML editor will open with a simple page template.
\layout Enumerate	\layout Enumerate

Line 925 Type the content into the editor,	Line 905 Type the content into the editor,
\emph on	\emph on
OR	OR
\emph default	\emph default
copy and paste HTML source code into the editor.	copy and paste HTML source code obtained through the use of some other
	HTML authoring program into the editor.
\layout Enumerate	\layout Enumerate

Optionally, click the	Optionally, click the
Line 1013 Creating Online Problems Using LON-CAPA	Line 994 Creating Online Problems Using LON-CAPA
If you're following this as a tutorial, go ahead and make one of each of	If you're following this as a tutorial, go ahead and make one of each of
these problem types now.	these problem types now.
We'll be using them later as raw material to assemble maps and sequences.	We'll be using them later as raw material to assemble maps and sequences.
	\layout Standard

	While several problem types are listed here, in LON-CAPA, all problems are
	actually the same.
	All problems are written in XML, which can be obtained and edited with
	the
	\series bold
	EditXML
	\series default
	button you'll see.
	The problem types listed in this manual are actually just templates.
	As your knowledge advances, you may wish to play with the XML representation
	directly to see what you can do.
\layout Subsubsection	\layout Subsubsection

Problems Types	Problems Types
Line 1060 Radio Response	Line 1054 Radio Response
foils, True or False.	foils, True or False.
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

Multiple choice problems contain between 3 and 10 foils.	Multiple choice problems contain between 3 to 10 foils.
You may display from three to five foils for each problem and the system	You may display from three to five foils for each problem and the system
randomly picks the choices that are presented to the student.	randomly picks the choices that are presented to the student.
\layout Comment	\layout Comment
Line 1082 Option Response problems present foils t	Line 1076 Option Response problems present foils t
pick one to present to the student from each group.	pick one to present to the student from each group.
The student must match each of his or her questions correctly to the possible	The student must match each of his or her questions correctly to the possible
answers before receiving credit for the problem.	answers before receiving credit for the problem.
For more details, see the Create Option Response (	For more details, see Create Option Response in section
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Create Option Response Problem}	\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Create Option Response Problem}

\end_inset	\end_inset

).	.
\layout Subsubsection	\layout Subsubsection

String Response Problems	String Response Problems
Line 1142 Samuel Clements	Line 1136 Samuel Clements
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset	\end_inset

, then the student will definately get it wrong.	, then the student will definitely get it wrong.
There is some room for flexibility in the string processing, but it can	There is some room for flexibility in the string processing, but it can
be difficult to get it all right.	be difficult to get it all right.
Before you use a String Response problem, be sure you can easily characterize	Before you use a String Response problem, be sure you can easily characterize
Line 1163 Numerical Response	Line 1157 Numerical Response
\series default	\series default
problems are answered by entering a number and (optionally) a unit, such	problems are answered by entering a number and (optionally) a unit, such
as 2.5 m/s^2.	as 2.5 m/s^2.
Tolerance and significant digits can be specified as well.	Tolerance and required significant digits can be specified as well.
\layout Subsubsection	\layout Subsubsection

Formula Response Problems	Formula Response Problems
Line 1259 Radio Response Creation Form	Line 1253 Radio Response Creation Form


\end_float	\end_float
You will need to create the posible answers and the questions.	You will need to create the possible answers and the questions.
\layout Enumerate	\layout Enumerate

In the drop-down option box as seen in	In the drop-down option box as seen in
Line 1283 Click the	Line 1277 Click the
Edit	Edit
\series default	\series default
button above the sample problem to enter edit mode.	button above the sample problem to enter edit mode.
	You should see an editing screen like figure
	\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Radio Response Creation Form}

	\end_inset

	.
\layout Enumerate	\layout Enumerate

In the	In the
Line 1517 true	Line 1517 true
\begin_inset Quotes eld	\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset	\end_inset

Napolean conquered Japan in the year 189 A.D.	Napoleon conquered Japan in the year 189 A.D.
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset	\end_inset

Line 1547 Option Response	Line 1547 Option Response
\end_inset	\end_inset

Problems	Problems
	\layout Subsubsection

	Option Response problems with Concept Groups
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

\begin_float fig	\begin_float fig
Line 1570 Option Response Problem	Line 1573 Option Response Problem


\end_float	\end_float
Each Option Response problem has three parts:	Each Option Response problem can have three parts:
\layout Enumerate	\layout Enumerate

The Concept Groups	The Concept Groups
Line 1879 To delete the irrelevant options from th	Line 1882 To delete the irrelevant options from th
\series bold	\series bold
Delete Option	Delete Option
\series default	\series default
dropdown, and hit the Save Changes button.	drop down, and hit the Save Changes button.
Do that for each option you wish to remove.	Do that for each option you wish to remove.
\layout Enumerate	\layout Enumerate

Line 1931 In the Hint area, provide a helpful hint	Line 1934 In the Hint area, provide a helpful hint
Save Changes	Save Changes
\series default	\series default
button.	button.
	\layout Subsubsection

	Simple Option Response: No Concept Groups
	\layout Standard

	If you select
	\series bold
	Simple Option Response
	\series default
	from the drop-down box, you get a template that will allow you to enter
	up to eight foils, and the system will randomly select from these foils,
	with no grouping.
	Otherwise, it's identical to Option Response problems.
\layout Subsection	\layout Subsection

Creating a String Response Problem	Creating a String Response Problem
Line 2078 ci	Line 2094 ci
\begin_inset Quotes eld	\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset	\end_inset

Case Insenstive	Case Insensitive
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset	\end_inset

Line 2142 Multiple Choice	Line 2158 Multiple Choice

.	.
The student's answers must contain the same letters as the question author's,	The student's answers must contain the same letters as the question author's,
but order is unimportent.	but order is unimportant.
This is usually used to give a multiple choice question in the question's	This is usually used to give a multiple choice question in the question's

\series bold	\series bold
Line 2200 abcg	Line 2216 abcg
.	.
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

It is conventional to tell the students whether the question is case sensitive	It is conventional to inform the students if the problem is case sensitive,
or not.	or that the order of the answers doesn't matter.
\end_deeper	\end_deeper
\layout Enumerate	\layout Enumerate

Line 2212 Single Line Text Entry Area	Line 2228 Single Line Text Entry Area
block and set a length in the Size box.	block and set a length in the Size box.
This will only affect the size of the box on the screen; if you set the	This will only affect the size of the box on the screen; if you set the
box size to 2, the student can still enter 3 or more letters in their answer.	box size to 2, the student can still enter 3 or more letters in their answer.
\begin_deeper
\layout Comment

This seems like a great feature to either eliminate, or make useful.
Allowing the teacher to limit it to 3, and then not letting the student
type more then 3 chars might be a way of giving the student a hint.
Probably not worth it, as the problem text can always just say
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset

Pick two of the following
\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset

.
This is probably not a useful feature.
\end_deeper
\layout Enumerate	\layout Enumerate

Scroll down to the Hint element, and type some text that will help students	Scroll down to the Hint element, and type some text that will help students
Line 2272 Numerical Response problems are answered	Line 2271 Numerical Response problems are answered

Creating Numerical Response and Formula Response problems starts the same	Creating Numerical Response and Formula Response problems starts the same
as the other problem types, but because of the power of Numerical Response	as the other problem types, but because of the power of Numerical Response
and Formula Response problems, it is too difficult to cover them in this	and Formula Response problems, they are covered in their own section after
tutorial.	the end of the tutorial.
For more information about these problem types, please see section	For more information about these problem types, please see section
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Numerical Response}	\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Numerical Response}

Line 2294 In order to make the content you've crea	Line 2293 In order to make the content you've crea
you must publish your content.	you must publish your content.
LON-CAPA provides an easy interface for publishing your content pages,	LON-CAPA provides an easy interface for publishing your content pages,
problem resources, and sequences.	problem resources, and sequences.
A common interface allows you to specify title, author information, keywords,	You can specify title, author information, keywords, and other metadata.
and other metadata.	LON-CAPA uses this metadata for many things, and it's important to fill
LON-CAPA uses this metadata for many things, and it's importent to fill
the metadata out as accurately as possible.	the metadata out as accurately as possible.
\layout Subsection	\layout Subsection

Line 2334 data about data	Line 2332 data about data
too stupid to understand the problem statement at all.	too stupid to understand the problem statement at all.
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

One example of metadata you use all the time is the <TITLE> of a webpage,	One example of metadata you use all the time is the <TITLE> of a web page,
which usually shows up in the title bar of the browser.	which usually shows up in the title bar of the browser.
That's information about the webpage itself, not actually part of the web	That's information about the web page itself, not actually part of the
page.	web page.
People use it when they bookmark a page, so they know what the page is.	People use it when they bookmark a page, so they know what the page is.
Search engines use it as a clue about the content of the web page.	Search engines use it as a clue about the content of the web page.
\layout Subsection	\layout Subsection
Line 2459 pulley	Line 2457 pulley

as a key word.	as a key word.
LON-CAPA pulls out likely-looking keywords for you so you can just click	LON-CAPA pulls out likely-looking keywords for you so you can just click
on them to make them keywords.	on their check boxes to make them keywords.

\series bold	\series bold
Additional keywords	Additional keywords
Line 2476 statics	Line 2474 statics

, even though it doesn't appear in the original problem, because Physics	, even though it doesn't appear in the original problem, because Physics
uses that as a classification of problem type.	uses that as a classification of problem type.

\layout Standard	\layout Standard

Finally, you need to set the copyright and distribution notice.	Finally, you need to set the copyright and distribution notice.
Line 2559 Binding Together Resources In One Map: P	Line 2556 Binding Together Resources In One Map: P
\layout Standard	\layout Standard
\align center	\align center

\begin_inset Figure size 429 66	\begin_inset Figure size 238 83
file mapEditingButton.eps	file mapEditorSelection.eps
	width 3 40
flags 9	flags 9

\end_inset	\end_inset
Line 2568 flags 9	Line 2566 flags 9

\layout Caption	\layout Caption

Map Editing Button	Map Editor Selection
\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Editing Button Figure}	\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Editor Selection Figure}

\end_inset	\end_inset


\end_float	\end_float
To join several resources into one page, you need to create a	To join several resources into one web page, you need to create a
\series bold	\series bold
Map	Map
\series default	\series default
Line 2617 page	Line 2615 page
\end_inset	\end_inset

, you should see a screen as in figure	, you should see a screen as in figure
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editing Button Figure}	\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure}

\end_inset	\end_inset

.	.
Click the button to get to the sequence editor.	You can use either the advanced editor or the simplified editor.

\begin_float fig
\layout Standard
\align center

\begin_inset Figure size 476 226
file mapEditInitial.eps
width 3 80
flags 11

\end_inset


\layout Caption

Initial Map Editor
\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Initial Map Editor FIgure}

\end_inset


\end_float
After the system notices the map does not yet exist and creates it for you.
You should the initial map editor as seen in figure
\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Initial Map Editor FIgure}

\end_inset

.
Note there are two windows.
One is the workspace, and one is the window which will contain information
as you add resources.
\layout Comment	\layout Comment

The following is a commented-out section of the manual, likely to not be	The following is a commented-out section of the manual, likely to not be
Line 2714 The branching ability can obviously be u	Line 2681 The branching ability can obviously be u
only by your imagination.	only by your imagination.
\layout Subsection	\layout Subsection

Creating a Simple Map: Page	Creating a Simple .page With The Simple Editor
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Page}	\layout Standard

	\begin_float fig
	\layout Standard
	\align center

	\begin_inset Figure size 476 250
	file mapSimpleEditor.eps
	width 3 80
	flags 9

\end_inset	\end_inset


	\layout Caption

	Simple Map Editor
	\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Simple Map Editor}

	\end_inset


	\end_float
	After creating a new .page resource and getting the editor selection prompt
	(figure
	\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure}

	\end_inset

	), click the
	\series bold
	Simple Edit
	\series default
	button to get to the simple sequence editor, which appears in figure
	\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Simple Map Editor}

	\end_inset

	.

	\layout Standard

	The Simple Editor can create .sequences and .pages which are linear, which
	means they have no branches or conditions.
	\layout Standard

	On the right side of the simple editor is the
	\series bold
	Target
	\series default
	, which represents the map you are currently building.
	On the left side is the
	\series bold
	Import
	\series default
	area, which represents a work area you can use for your convenience to
	load and manipulate resource you may wish to include in your map.
	Using the three buttons in the middle of the screen, from top to bottom
	you can cut things out of the Target, copy from the Target to the Import,
	and copy from the Import to the Target, respectively.
	\layout Standard

	On both sides of the screen, you can do a Group Search and a Group Import.
	A Group Search allows you to run a search, then import selected results
	from that search into either directly into your Map, or into your Import
	space.
	Checkboxes will appear next to the results in the Group Search, and you
	can click the resource you wish to add to your map.
	After you select the resource, you will be presented with a screen that
	allows you to change the order of the selected resources, then you will
	be able to import the selected resources and work with them.
	\layout Standard

	A Group Import works in a similar fashion, but allows you to use the LON-CAPA
	network browser to select your resources.
	\layout Standard

	On the Import side, you can also browse for another Map, and load the resources
	used in that map into your Import workspace.
	You can also discard the selected resources, clear all the resources, and
	view the selected resource from the buttons on the Import side of the screen.

	\layout Standard

	Both list boxes support standard multi-select mechanisms as used in your
	OS.
	\layout Subsection

	Creating a Simple .page With The Advanced Editor
	\layout Standard

	After creating a new .page resource and getting the editor selection prompt
	(figure
	\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure}

	\end_inset

	), click the
	\series bold
	Advanced Edit
	\series default
	button to get to the advanced sequence editor.

	\begin_float fig
\layout Standard	\layout Standard
	\align center

	\begin_inset Figure size 476 205
	file mapAdvancedEditorNew.eps
	width 3 80
	flags 11

	\end_inset


	\layout Caption

To create a simple page that joins several resources into one page:	Initial Map Editor
	\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Initial Map Editor FIgure}

	\end_inset


	\end_float
	You should the initial map editor as seen in figure
	\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Initial Map Editor FIgure}

	\end_inset

	.
	Note there are two windows.
	One is the workspace, and one is a secondary window which will contain
	information as you add resources.
\layout Enumerate	\layout Enumerate

\begin_float fig	\begin_float fig
Line 2766 Link Resource	Line 2858 Link Resource
\layout Standard	\layout Standard
\align center	\align center

\begin_inset Figure size 120 360	\begin_inset Figure size 70 210
file mapStraightened.eps	file mapStraightened.eps
	height 3 25
flags 9	flags 9

\end_inset	\end_inset
Line 2804 straighten	Line 2897 straighten
\layout Standard	\layout Standard
\align center	\align center

\begin_inset Figure size 264 245	\begin_inset Figure size 271 252
file mapInsertResource.eps	file mapInsertResource.eps
	height 3 30
flags 9	flags 9

\end_inset	\end_inset
Line 2849 Network Directory Browser	Line 2943 Network Directory Browser
\layout Standard	\layout Standard
\align center	\align center

\begin_inset Figure size 476 216	\begin_inset Figure size 357 162
file mapEditorDirectoryBrowser.eps	file mapEditorDirectoryBrowser.eps
width 3 80	width 3 60
flags 9	flags 9

\end_inset	\end_inset
Line 2877 Network Directory Browser	Line 2971 Network Directory Browser
\layout Standard	\layout Standard
\align center	\align center

\begin_inset Figure size 61 360	\begin_inset Figure size 42 252
file mapEditorResourceChosen.eps	file mapEditorResourceChosen.eps
	height 3 30
flags 9	flags 9

\end_inset	\end_inset
Line 2949 When you are done adding resources, clic	Line 3044 When you are done adding resources, clic
Save Map	Save Map
\series default	\series default
link to save the map.	link to save the map.
	\layout Standard

	In addition to manually adding in resources, the Advanced Editor also has
	the ability to import resource in the same way that the Simple Editor can:
	From a LON-CAPA network browser window, from a Group Search, or from another
	Map.
	\layout Standard

	The advanced editor has many more capabilities which you can explore.
\layout Subsection	\layout Subsection

Creating Sequences	Creating Sequences
Line 2964 Sequences are a series of resources that	Line 3068 Sequences are a series of resources that
NAV	NAV
\series default	\series default
remote control button, or by using the arrow keys on the remote control.	remote control button, or by using the arrow keys on the remote control.
Sequence maps are created identically to page maps, the only difference	Sequence maps are created identically to page maps.
is how they are displayed.	The only difference is how they are displayed.
\layout Subsection	\layout Subsection

Creating a Course: Top-level Sequence	Creating a Course: Top-level Sequence
Line 2980 course	Line 3084 course
\layout Standard	\layout Standard
\align center	\align center

\begin_inset Figure size 422 410	\begin_inset Figure size 238 231
file creatingANewCourse.eps	file creatingANewCourse.eps
	width 3 40
flags 9	flags 9

\end_inset	\end_inset
Line 3001 Creating a New Course	Line 3106 Creating a New Course
assignments or weekly sequences.	assignments or weekly sequences.
To view your maps, you will need to make them part of a course.	To view your maps, you will need to make them part of a course.
Only Domain Administrators can make courses and set their Top-level maps,	Only Domain Administrators can make courses and set their Top-level maps,
so coordinate with your Domain Adminstrator if you need to create courses.	so coordinate with your Domain Administrator if you need to view your maps.
\layout Section	\layout Section

Numerical Response	Numerical Response
Line 3022 Numerical Response problems are very pow	Line 3127 Numerical Response problems are very pow
is possible in a document like this.	is possible in a document like this.
This chapter will focus on just getting you started with Numerical Response	This chapter will focus on just getting you started with Numerical Response
problems, and showing you some of the possibilities, with no prerequisite	problems, and showing you some of the possibilities, with no prerequisite
knowlege necessary.	knowledge necessary.
The more you learn, the more you will find you can do.	The more you learn, the more you will find you can do.
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

Line 3318 t	Line 3423 t
is interpreted as a percentage.	is interpreted as a percentage.
Any number in the tolerance field	Any number in the tolerance field
\emph on	\emph on
with	followed by
\emph default	\emph default
a	a
\series bold	\series bold
Line 3509 A script consists of several	Line 3614 A script consists of several
\series bold	\series bold
statements	statements
\series default	\series default
, seperated by	, separated by
\series bold	\series bold
semi-colons	semi-colons
\series default	\series default
Line 3547 comments	Line 3652 comments
very	very
\emph default	\emph default
good idea to adopt some sort of commenting standard, especially if you	good idea to adopt some sort of commenting standard, especially if you
are working in a group or others may use your problems in the future.	are working in a group or you believe other people may use your problems
	in the future.
\layout Itemize	\layout Itemize

One of the simplest statements in LON-CAPA is a	One of the simplest statements in LON-CAPA is a
Line 3624 case sensitive	Line 3730 case sensitive
Getting variable names right is a skill.	Getting variable names right is a skill.
Variable names should not be too long, because they become easy to mistype.	Variable names should not be too long, because they become easy to mistype.
Variable names should also not be too short, with the exception of some	Variable names should also not be too short, with the exception of some
conventionally short variable names we'll talk about later.	conventionally short variable names used in control flow statements, which
	are not covered in this manual.
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

There are many variable naming conventions, covering both how to name and	There are many variable naming conventions, covering both how to name and
how to capatalize variables	how to capitalize variables
\begin_float footnote	\begin_float footnote
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

Line 3705 $variable	Line 3812 $variable
$variable2 = $variable + 2;	$variable2 = $variable + 2;
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

Now there's a variable called	Now there is a variable called
\family typewriter	\family typewriter
$variable2	$variable2
\family default	\family default
with the value	with the the number
\begin_inset Quotes eld	\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset	\end_inset

Line 3717 $variable2	Line 3824 $variable2
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset	\end_inset

.	as its value.

\layout Standard	\layout Standard

Line 3901 With variables, you can store strings or	Line 4008 With variables, you can store strings or
Functions	Functions
\series default	\series default
allow you to manipulate these strings or numbers.	allow you to manipulate these strings or numbers.
By stringing together a series of functions, you can do a lot.	Functions work like mathematical functions: They take some number of arguments
\layout Standard	in, and return one argument, usually a number or a string for our purposes.


\series bold
Functions
\series default
work like mathematical functions: They take some number of arguments in,
and return one argument, usually a number or a string for our purposes.
There are a lot of functions available in LON-CAPA.	There are a lot of functions available in LON-CAPA.
You can see a complete list at http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/hom	You can see a complete list at http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/hom
ework5.html.	ework5.html.
Line 3978 Randomization	Line 4078 Randomization

\layout Standard	\layout Standard

For LON-CAPA, one of the most importent functions is the	For LON-CAPA, one of the most important functions is the
\family typewriter	\family typewriter
random	random
\family default	\family default
Line 4008 interval	Line 4108 interval
's away from the lower limit.	's away from the lower limit.
Thus, for example,	Thus, for example,
\family typewriter	\family typewriter
&rand(1,2,.2)	&random(1,2,.2)
\family default	\family default
might return 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, or 2.	might return 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, or 2.

	\family typewriter
	random
	\family default
	uses a uniform distribution.
	Other distributions are available in LON-CAPA, and can be found by consulting
	the function list.
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

\begin_float fig	\begin_float fig
Line 4074 $answer	Line 4180 $answer

, without the quotes for either of them.	, without the quotes for either of them.
(It is a good idea to create a variable to hold the answer and call it	(It is a good idea to create a variable to hold the answer and call it
$answer.	$answer, or some other reasonably standard name.
Do not try to compute the answer in the	Do not try to compute the answer in the
\series bold	\series bold
Answer	Answer
Line 4123 Random Seed	Line 4229 Random Seed
\series bold	\series bold
Script	Script
\series default	\series default
, you are no longer guarenteed to get the same problem.)	, you are no longer guaranteed to get the same problem.)
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

If you're doing this as a tutorial, try a few random seeds to see what happens.	If you're doing this as a tutorial, try a few random seeds to see what happens.
Line 4166 Slope Problem Parameters	Line 4272 Slope Problem Parameters
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

When creating randomized problems, you want to make sure that the problems	When creating randomized problems, you want to make sure that the problems
always have an answer! Consider what might happen if I had chosen the two	always have an answer.
slopes	Consider what might happen if I had chosen the two slopes
\emph on	\emph on
both	both
\emph default	\emph default
Line 4184 both	Line 4290 both
There are many ways to avoid this, one of the easiest of which is picking	There are many ways to avoid this, one of the easiest of which is picking
one slope negative and one positive.	one slope negative and one positive.
This same problem can show up in many other places, too, so be careful.	This same problem can show up in many other places, too, so be careful.
\layout Standard

LON-CAPA has functions for several common random distributions; consult
the function list at http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/homework5.html
for a complete list and parameter specification.
\layout Subsection	\layout Subsection

Units, Format	Units, Format
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

Numerical Response problems can require units.	Numerical Response problems can require units.
In the problem editting form, place the desired unit in the	In the problem editing form, place the desired unit in the
\series bold	\series bold
Unit	Unit
\series default	\series default
Line 4257 Format	Line 4358 Format
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset	\end_inset

will display three significant digit in traditional notation.	will display three significant digit in traditional notation if possible,
You can use any number that you want instead of	and scientific notation if the number is too large or too small.
	You can use any small number that you want instead of
\begin_inset Quotes eld	\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset	\end_inset

Line 4292 The full power of the Perl is well outsi	Line 4394 The full power of the Perl is well outsi
Looking in the function list at http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/ho	Looking in the function list at http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/ho
mework5.html can give you some ideas.	mework5.html can give you some ideas.
O'Reilly has some good Perl books.	O'Reilly has some good Perl books.
The Perl 5 pocket reference will contain more then what you need to know	The Perl 5 Pocket Reference will contain more then what you need to know
to use LON-CAPA, available at http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlpr3/ .	to use LON-CAPA, available at http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlpr3/ .
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

Line 4389 As you may know, it is extremely difficu	Line 4491 As you may know, it is extremely difficu
If your answer and the student's answer agree at the sampling points within	If your answer and the student's answer agree at the sampling points within
your given tolerance factor, the student's answer will be accepted, otherwise	your given tolerance factor, the student's answer will be accepted, otherwise
it will be rejected.	it will be rejected.
\layout Comment	\layout Subsubsection

What's up with the x,y@1,2:4,3#2 stuff?	Sampling Specifications
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

Formula Response problems are otherwise virtually identical to Numeric Response	To specify where to sample the formulas to determine whether the student's
problems.	answer is correct, you need to put a sampling specification in the
\layout Subsubsection	\series bold
	Sample Points
	\series default

Sample Point Specifications
\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sample Points}	\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sample Points}

\end_inset	\end_inset

	field.
\layout Standard	The sampling specifications takes the following format:

To specific the sample points, use the following format:
\layout Itemize	\layout Itemize

a comma seperated list of the variables you wish to have sampled,	A comma seperated list of the variables you wish to interpret,
\layout Itemize	\layout Itemize

followed by an @	followed by
\layout Itemize	\begin_inset Quotes eld
	\end_inset

	@
	\begin_inset Quotes erd
	\end_inset

followed by a comma seperated list of values as long as your list of variables,	(not in quotes),
representing the sample points
\layout Itemize	\layout Itemize

optionally followed by a semi-colon, and more comma seperated lists as in	followed by any number of the following two things, separated by semi-colons:
the previous item.	\begin_deeper
	\layout Enumerate

	a comma separated list of as many numbers as there are variables, which
	specifies one sampling point, OR
	\layout Enumerate

	a comma separated list of as many numbers as there are variables, followed
	a colon, followed by another list of as many numbers as there are variables,
	followed by #, followed by an integer.
	\end_deeper
	\layout Standard

	The first form specifies one point to sample.
	The second form specifies a range for each variable, and the system will
	take as many random samples from that range as the number after the #.
\layout Standard	\layout Standard

For	For
Line 4435 x	Line 4555 x
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset	\end_inset

, one could specify	, one could specify
	\layout Itemize


\begin_inset Quotes eld	\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset	\end_inset

Line 4443 x@2	Line 4566 x@2
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset	\end_inset

or	, which will sample the answers only at 2.
	(This is generally a bad idea, as the student could get lucky and match
	at that point)
	\layout Itemize


\begin_inset Quotes eld	\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset	\end_inset

x@2;3;4;5	x@1:5#4;10
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset	\end_inset

.	will take 4 samples from somewhere between 1 and 5, and also sample at
(It is generally a good idea to give a few sample points.) For	10.
\begin_inset Formula $ 2y^{3}+2x $	\layout Standard

	For
	\begin_inset Formula $ 2x^{2}+3y^{3} $
	\end_inset

	, which has two variables, one could specify
	\layout Itemize


	\begin_inset Quotes eld
	\end_inset

	x,y@4,5:10,12#4;0,0
	\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset	\end_inset

, with two variables, one could specify	, which take four samples from the box determined by the points (4, 5) and
	(10, 12), and also sample the point (0, 0).
	\layout Subsubsection

	Formula Notes
	\layout Itemize

	The formula evaluator can not handle things of the form
\begin_inset Quotes eld	\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset	\end_inset

x,y@1,2;1,3;2,3;2,2	x + - y
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset	\end_inset

.	.
	If you have a random variable that may be positive or negative (as in the
	example following this section), you can try wrapping the references to
	that variable in parenthesis.
	As always, it is a good idea to try out several randomized versions of
	your problems to make sure everything works correctly.
	\layout Itemize


	\series bold
	Never use relative tolerance in Formula Response problems.
	\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance, in formula response}

	\end_inset


	\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{relative tolerance, in formula response}

	\end_inset


	\series default
	Relative tolerance is poorly defined in Formula Response problems.
	Always use absolute tolerance.
\layout Subsubsection	\layout Subsubsection

Example Formula Response	Example Formula Response
Line 4481 Script	Line 4652 Script
, place the following:	, place the following:
\layout LyX-Code	\layout LyX-Code

$slope = random(1,5,.5);	$slope = random(-5,5,.5);
\layout LyX-Code	\layout LyX-Code

$yint = random(1,5,.5);	$yint = random(-5,5,.5);
\layout Standard	\layout Itemize

In the	In the
\series bold	\series bold
Line 4500 For a line with slope $slope and y-inter	Line 4671 For a line with slope $slope and y-inter
\end_inset	\end_inset


\layout Standard	\layout Itemize

In the	In the
\series bold	\series bold
Line 4510 Answer	Line 4681 Answer
\begin_inset Quotes eld	\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset	\end_inset

$slope*x + $yint	$slope*x + ($yint)
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\begin_inset Quotes erd
\end_inset	\end_inset


\layout Standard	\layout Itemize

Set the Tolerence to 1%.	Set the Tolerance to .000001.
\layout Standard	\layout Itemize

Set the	Set the
\series bold	\series bold
Line 4533 $slope * x + $yint	Line 4704 $slope * x + $yint
\end_inset	\end_inset

.	.
\layout Standard	\layout Itemize

Set the	Set the
\series bold	\series bold
Sample Points	Sample Points
\series default	\series default
to x@0,1,2,3 .	to x@0,1,2,3 .
\layout Section	\layout Comment

Things That Need To Be Added	TODO:
\layout Subsection	\layout Comment

Creating a default metadata file	* Get sampling problem figured out
\layout Subsection	\layout Comment

My questions\SpecialChar \ldots{}	\SpecialChar ~

\layout Itemize	\layout Comment

What is the LON-CAPA default resource? If it's free, can just anyone	\SpecialChar ~
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset

find and use it	\newline
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\SpecialChar ~
\end_inset

, or just	\layout Comment
\begin_inset Quotes eld
\end_inset

use it if they already know where it is	Appendix A: Student Interface
\begin_inset Quotes erd	\layout Comment
\end_inset

? (In other words, how powerful is the search feature?) What's the difference	\begin_float fig
between free and public?	\layout Standard
\layout Itemize	\align center

How do I look at a map? (Must be part of course?)	\begin_inset Figure size 152 353
\layout Section	file studentInterface.eps
	flags 9

	\end_inset

Appendix A: Student Interface
\layout Standard

\begin_float fig
\layout Caption	\layout Caption

Student Remote Control	Student Remote Control
Line 4592 The Student Remote Control will automati	Line 4757 The Student Remote Control will automati
a LON-CAPA course as a student.	a LON-CAPA course as a student.
The Student Remote Control contains most of the functions of the Author	The Student Remote Control contains most of the functions of the Author
Remote Control and the following additional functions.	Remote Control and the following additional functions.
\layout Itemize	\layout Comment


\series bold	\series bold
NAV (NAVIGATE CONTENTS)	NAV (NAVIGATE CONTENTS)
\series default	\series default
allows you to directly access resources from the course outline.	allows you to directly access resources from the course outline.
\layout Itemize	\layout Comment


\series bold	\series bold
ARROWS (LEFT and RIGHT)	ARROWS (LEFT and RIGHT)
\series default	\series default
allows you to move to the backward or forward through the course.	allows you to move to the backward or forward through the course.
\layout Itemize	\layout Comment


\series bold	\series bold
GRDS (MY GRADES)	GRDS (MY GRADES)
\series default	\series default
allows you to check your grades in the courses you are taking.	allows you to check your grades in the courses you are taking.
\layout Itemize	\layout Comment


\series bold	\series bold
SBKM (SET BOOKMARK)	SBKM (SET BOOKMARK)
\series default	\series default
allows you to bookmark pages for easy access.	allows you to bookmark pages for easy access.
\layout Itemize	\layout Comment


\series bold	\series bold
VBKM (VIEW BOOKMARK)	VBKM (VIEW BOOKMARK)
\series default	\series default
displays your bookmarks for easy access to bookmarked resources.	displays your bookmarks for easy access to bookmarked resources.
\layout Itemize	\layout Comment


\series bold	\series bold
ANOT (ANOTATE)	ANOT (ANOTATE)
\series default	\series default
allows you to create personal notes.	allows you to create personal notes.
\layout Itemize	\layout Comment


\series bold	\series bold

FreeBSD-CVSweb <freebsd-cvsweb@FreeBSD.org>

Removed from v.1.4
changed lines
	Added in v.1.5