--- loncom/homework/default_homework.lcpm 2002/09/26 20:45:00 1.51
+++ loncom/homework/default_homework.lcpm 2006/09/29 20:55:33 1.116
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
# The LearningOnline Network with CAPA
# used by lonxml::xmlparse() as input variable $safeinit to Apache::run::run()
#
-# $Id: default_homework.lcpm,v 1.51 2002/09/26 20:45:00 albertel Exp $
+# $Id: default_homework.lcpm,v 1.116 2006/09/29 20:55:33 albertel Exp $
#
# Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
#
@@ -26,406 +26,578 @@
# http://www.lon-capa.org/
#
#
-# Guy Albertelli
-#
-# 05/25/2001 H. K. Ng
-# 05/31/2001 H. K. Ng
-# 12/21/2001 Matthew
-#
+
#init some globals
$hidden::RANDOMINIT=0;
$pi=atan2(1,1)*4;
$rad2deg=180.0/$pi;
$deg2rad=$pi/180.0;
$"=' ';
+use strict;
+{
+ my $n = 0;
+ my $total = 0;
+ my $num_left = 0;
+ my @order;
+ my $type;
+
+ sub init_permutation {
+ my ($size,$requested_type) = @_;
+ @order = (0..$size-1);
+ $n = $size;
+ $type = $requested_type;
+ if ($type eq 'ordered') {
+ $total = $num_left = 1;
+ } elsif ($type eq 'unordered') {
+ $total = $num_left = &factorial($size);
+ } else {
+ die("Unkown type: $type");
+ }
+ }
+
+ sub get_next_permutation {
+ if ($num_left == $total) {
+ $num_left--;
+ return @order;
+ }
+
+ # Find largest index j with a[j] < a[j+1]
+
+ my $j = scalar(@order) - 2;
+ while ($order[$j] > $order[$j+1]) {
+ $j--;
+ }
+
+ # Find index k such that a[k] is smallest integer
+ # greater than a[j] to the right of a[j]
+
+ my $k = scalar(@order) - 1;
+ while ($order[$j] > $order[$k]) {
+ $k--;
+ }
+
+ # Interchange a[j] and a[k]
+
+ @order[($k,$j)] = @order[($j,$k)];
+
+ # Put tail end of permutation after jth position in increasing order
+
+ my $r = scalar(@order) - 1;
+ my $s = $j + 1;
+
+ while ($r > $s) {
+ @order[($s,$r)]=@order[($r,$s)];
+ $r--;
+ $s++;
+ }
+
+ $num_left--;
+ return(@order);
+ }
+
+ sub get_permutations_left {
+ return $num_left;
+ }
+}
+
+sub check_commas {
+ my ($response)=@_;
+ #print("$response ");
+ my @numbers=split(',',$response);
+ #print(" numbers ".join('-',@numbers)." ");
+ if (scalar(@numbers) > 1) {
+ #print(" numbers[0] ".$numbers[0]." ");
+ if (length($numbers[0]) > 3 || length($numbers[0]) == 0) { return -1; }
+ shift(@numbers);
+ #print(" numbers ".scalar(@numbers)." ");
+ while (scalar(@numbers) > 1) {
+ #print(" numbers ".join('-',@numbers)." ");
+ if (length($numbers[0]) != 3) { return -2; }
+ shift(@numbers);
+ }
+ my ($number)=split('\.',$numbers[0]);
+ #print(" number ".$number." ");
+ #print(" numbers[0] ".$numbers[0]." ");
+ if (length($number) != 3) { return -3; }
+ } else {
+ my ($number)=split('\.',$numbers[0]);
+ if (length($number) > 3) { return -4; }
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
sub caparesponse_check {
- #not properly used yet: calc
- #not to be used: $ans_fmt
- my ($answer,$type,$tol,$sig,$ans_fmt,$unit,$calc,$samples) =
- eval $_[1].
- ';return ($answer,$type,$tol,$sig,$ans_fmt,$unit,$calc,$samples);';
-
- my $tol_type=''; # gets it's value from whether tol has a % or not done
- my $sig_lbound=''; #done
- my $sig_ubound=''; #done
- my ($response,$expr)=@_;
-
-
- #type's definitons come from capaParser.h
- my $message='';
- #remove leading and trailing whitespace
- if ($response=~ /^\s|\s$/) {
- $response=~ s:^\s+|\s+$::g;
- $message .="Removed ws now :$response:
";
- } else {
- $message .="no ws in :$response:
";
- }
-
- if ($type eq '' ) {
- $message .= "Didn't find a type :$type:$expr: defaulting
";
- if ( $answer eq ($answer *1.0)) { $type = 2;
- } else { $type = 3; }
- } else {
- if ($type eq 'cs') { $type = 4;
- } elsif ($type eq 'ci') { $type = 3;
- } elsif ($type eq 'mc') { $type = 5;
- } elsif ($type eq 'fml') { $type = 8;
- } elsif ($type eq 'subj') { $type = 7;
- } elsif ($type eq 'float') { $type = 2;
- } elsif ($type eq 'int') { $type = 1;
- } else { return "ERROR: Unknown type of answer: $type" }
- }
-
- my $points;
- my $id_list;
- #formula type setup the sample points
- if ($type eq '8') {
- ($id_list,$points)=split(/@/,$samples);
- $message.="Found :$points: points
";
- }
- if ($tol eq '') {
- $tol=0.0;
- $tol_type=1; #TOL_ABSOLUTE
- } else {
- if ($tol =~ /%$/) {
- chop $tol;
- $tol_type=2; #TOL_PERCENTAGE
- } else {
- $tol_type=1; #TOL_ABSOLUTE
- }
- }
-
- if ($sig eq '') {
- $sig_lbound = 0; #SIG_LB_DEFAULT
- $sig_ubound =15; #SIG_UB_DEFAULT
- } else {
- ($sig_lbound,$sig_ubound) = split /,/,$sig;
- if (!$sig_lbound) {
- $sig_lbound = 0; #SIG_LB_DEFAULT
- $sig_ubound =15; #SIG_UB_DEFAULT
- }
- if (!$sig_ubound) { $sig_ubound=$sig_lbound; }
- }
- my $result = &caparesponse_capa_check_answer($response,$answer,$type,
- $tol_type,$tol,
- $sig_lbound,$sig_ubound,
- $ans_fmt,$unit,$calc,$id_list,
- $points,$external::randomseed);
-
- if ($result == '1') { $result='EXACT_ANS'; }
- elsif ($result == '2') { $result='APPROX_ANS'; }
- elsif ($result == '3') { $result='SIG_FAIL'; }
- elsif ($result == '4') { $result='UNIT_FAIL'; }
- elsif ($result == '5') { $result='NO_UNIT'; }
- elsif ($result == '6') { $result='UNIT_OK'; }
- elsif ($result == '7') { $result='INCORRECT'; }
- elsif ($result == '8') { $result='UNIT_NOTNEEDED'; }
- elsif ($result == '9') { $result='ANS_CNT_NOT_MATCH'; }
- elsif ($result =='10') { $result='SUB_RECORDED'; }
- elsif ($result =='11') { $result='BAD_FORMULA'; }
- elsif ($result =='12') { $result='WANTED_NUMERIC'; }
- else {$result = "ERROR: Unknown Result:$result:$@:";}
-
- return "$result:
Error $error:
Answer $answer:
Response $response:
type-$type|$tol|$tol_type|$sig:$sig_lbound:$sig_ubound|$unit|
$message$expr";
-}
-
-sub get_array_args {
- my ($expr,$arg)=@_;
- # do these first, because who knows what varname the instructor might have used
- # but it probably isn't $CAPARESPONSE_CHECK_LIST_answer
- my $CAPARESPONSE_CHECK_LIST_answer = eval $expr.';return $'.$arg; #'
- my $GET_ARRAY_ARGS_result;
- my @GET_ARRAY_ARGS_list;
- if ($CAPARESPONSE_CHECK_LIST_answer =~ /^\s*[\$\@]/) {
- (@GET_ARRAY_ARGS_list) = eval $CAPARESPONSE_CHECK_LIST_answer;
- }
- $GET_ARRAY_ARGS_result.="error:$@:
";
- # if the eval fails just use what is in the answer exactly
- if (!defined(@GET_ARRAY_ARGS_list) || !defined($GET_ARRAY_ARGS_list[0])) {
- $GET_ARRAY_ARGS_result.="list zero is undefined
";
- $GET_ARRAY_ARGS_list[0]=$CAPARESPONSE_CHECK_LIST_answer;
- }
- return $GET_ARRAY_ARGS_result,@GET_ARRAY_ARGS_list;
+ my ($answer,$response)=@_;
+ #not properly used yet: calc
+ #not to be used: $ans_fmt
+ my $type=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'type'};
+ my $tol=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'tol'};
+ my $sig=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'sig'};
+ my $ans_fmt=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'format'};
+ my $unit=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'unit'};
+ my $calc=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'calc'};
+ my $samples=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'samples'};
+
+ my $tol_type=''; # gets it's value from whether tol has a % or not done
+ my $sig_lbound=''; #done
+ my $sig_ubound=''; #done
+
+
+ #type's definitons come from capaParser.h
+
+ #remove leading and trailing whitespace
+ if (!defined($response)) {
+ $response='';
+ }
+ if ($response=~ /^\s|\s$/) {
+ $response=~ s:^\s+|\s+$::g;
+ &LONCAPA_INTENAL_DEBUG("Removed ws now :$response:");
+ }
+
+ &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG(" type is $type ");
+ if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') {
+ #for string answers make surec all places spaces occur, there is
+ #really only 1 space, in both the answer and the response
+ $answer=~s/ +/ /g;
+ $response=~s/ +/ /g;
+ } elsif ($type eq 'mc') {
+ $answer=~s/[\s,]//g;
+ $response=~s/[\s,]//g;
+ }
+ if ($type eq 'float' && $unit=~/\$/) {
+ if ($response!~/^\$/) { return "NO_UNIT: Missing \$ "; }
+ $response=~s/\$//g;
+ }
+ if ($type eq 'float' && $unit=~/\,/ && (&check_commas($response)<0)) {
+ return "COMMA_FAIL:";
+ }
+ $ans_fmt=~s/\W//g;
+ $unit=~s/[\$,]//g;
+ if ($type eq 'float') { $response=~s/,//g; }
+
+ if (length($response) > 500) { return "TOO_LONG: Answer too long"; }
+
+ if ($type eq '' ) {
+ &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Didn't find a type :$type: defaulting");
+ if ( $answer eq ($answer *1.0)) { $type = 2;
+ } else { $type = 3; }
+ } else {
+ if ($type eq 'cs') { $type = 4; }
+ elsif ($type eq 'ci') { $type = 3 }
+ elsif ($type eq 'mc') { $type = 5; }
+ elsif ($type eq 'fml') { $type = 8; }
+ elsif ($type eq 'math') { $type = 9; }
+ elsif ($type eq 'subj') { $type = 7; }
+ elsif ($type eq 'float') { $type = 2; }
+ elsif ($type eq 'int') { $type = 1; }
+ else { return "ERROR: Unknown type of answer: $type" }
+ }
+
+ my $points;
+ my $id_list;
+ #formula type setup the sample points
+ if ($type eq '8') {
+ ($id_list,$points)=split(/@/,$samples);
+ &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Found :$id_list:$points: points in $samples");
+ }
+ if ($tol eq '') {
+ $tol=0.0;
+ $tol_type=1; #TOL_ABSOLUTE
+ } else {
+ if ($tol =~ /%$/) {
+ chop $tol;
+ $tol_type=2; #TOL_PERCENTAGE
+ } else {
+ $tol_type=1; #TOL_ABSOLUTE
+ }
+ }
+
+ ($sig_ubound,$sig_lbound)=&LONCAPA_INTERNAL_get_sigrange($sig);
+
+ my $reterror="";
+ my $result;
+ if ($type eq '9') {
+ $result = &maxima_check(&maxima_cas_formula_fix($response),&maxima_cas_formula_fix($answer),\$reterror);
+ } else {
+ if ($type eq '8') { # fml type
+ $response = &capa_formula_fix($response);
+ $answer = &capa_formula_fix($answer);
+ }
+ $result = &caparesponse_capa_check_answer($response,$answer,$type,
+ $tol_type,$tol,
+ $sig_lbound,$sig_ubound,
+ $ans_fmt,$unit,$calc,$id_list,
+ $points,$external::randomseed,
+ \$reterror);
+ }
+ if ($result == '1') { $result='EXACT_ANS'; }
+ elsif ($result == '2') { $result='APPROX_ANS'; }
+ elsif ($result == '3') { $result='SIG_FAIL'; }
+ elsif ($result == '4') { $result='UNIT_FAIL'; }
+ elsif ($result == '5') { $result='NO_UNIT'; }
+ elsif ($result == '6') { $result='UNIT_OK'; }
+ elsif ($result == '7') { $result='INCORRECT'; }
+ elsif ($result == '8') { $result='UNIT_NOTNEEDED'; }
+ elsif ($result == '9') { $result='ANS_CNT_NOT_MATCH'; }
+ elsif ($result =='10') { $result='SUB_RECORDED'; }
+ elsif ($result =='11') { $result='BAD_FORMULA'; }
+ elsif ($result =='12' && !$response) { $result='MISSING_ANSWER'; }
+ elsif ($result =='12') { $result='WANTED_NUMERIC'; }
+ elsif ($result =='13') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_INSTRUCTOR'; }
+ elsif ($result =='141') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; }
+ elsif ($result =='142') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; }
+ elsif ($result =='143') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; }
+ elsif ($result =='15') { $result='UNIT_IRRECONCIBLE'; }
+ else {$result = "ERROR: Unknown Result:$result:$@:";}
+
+ &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("RetError $reterror: Answer $answer: Response $response: type-$type|$tol|$tol_type|$sig:$sig_lbound:$sig_ubound|$unit|",$reterror);
+ return ($result,$reterror)
+}
+
+sub maxima_cas_formula_fix {
+ my ($expression)=@_;
+ return &implicit_multiplication($expression);
+}
+
+sub capa_formula_fix {
+ my ($expression)=@_;
+ return &implicit_multiplication($expression);
+}
+
+sub implicit_multiplication {
+ my ($expression)=@_;
+# Escape scientific notation, so 3e8 does not become 3*e*8
+# 3e8 -> 3&8; 3e-8 -> 3&-8; 3E+8 -> e&+8
+ $expression=~s/(\d+)e([\+\-]*\d+)/$1\&\($2\)/gsi;
+# 3x10^8 -> 3&8; 3*10^-8 -> 3&-8
+ $expression=~s/(\d+)(?:x|\*)10(?:\^|\*\*)([\+\-]*\d+)/$1\&\($2\)/gsi;
+# Fill in multiplication signs
+# a b -> a*b;3 b -> 3*b;3 4 -> 3*4
+ $expression=~s/(\w)\s+(\w)/$1\*$2/gs;
+# )( -> )*(; ) ( -> )*(
+ $expression=~s/\)\s*\(/\)\*\(/gs;
+# 3a -> 3*a; 3( -> 3*(; 3 ( -> 3*(; 3A -> 3*A
+ $expression=~s/(\d)\s*([a-zA-Z\(])/$1\*$2/gs;
+# a ( -> a*(
+ $expression=~s/(\w)\s+\(/$1\*\(/gs;
+# a3 -> a*3;
+ $expression=~s/([a-zA-Z])(\d)/$1\*$2/gs;
+# )a -> )*a; )3 -> )*3; ) 3 -> )*3
+ $expression=~s/\)\s*(\w)/\)\*$1/gs;
+# 3&8 -> 3e8; 3&-4 -> 3e-4
+ $expression=~s/(\d+)\&\(([\+\-]*\d+)\)/$1e$2/gs;
+ return $expression;
}
sub caparesponse_check_list {
- my ($response,$expr)=@_;
- my $result;
- my ($result,@list) = &get_array_args($expr,'answer');
- my $aresult='';
- my $current_answer;
- my $answers=join(':',@list);
- $result.="Got response :$answers:
";
- my @responselist;
- my $type =eval $expr.';return $answer;';
- if ($type ne '' && $#list > 0) {
- (@responselist)=split /,/,$response;
- } else {
- (@responselist)=($response);
- }
- my $unit='';
- $result.="Initial final response :$responselist['-1']:
";
- if ($type eq '') {
- #for numerical problems split off the unit
- if ( $responselist['-1']=~ /(.*[^\s])\s+([^\s]+)/ ) {
- $responselist['-1']=$1;
- $unit=$2;
- }
- }
- $result.="Final final response :$responselist['-1']:
";
- $result.=":$#list: answers
";
- $unit=~s/\s//;
- my $i=0;
- my $awards='';
- for ($i=0; $i<@list;$i++) {
- $result.="trying answer :$list[$i]:
";
- if ($unit eq '') {
- $aresult=&caparesponse_check($responselist[$i],
- $expr.';my $answer=\''.$list[$i].'\';');
- } else {
- $aresult=&caparesponse_check($responselist[$i]." $unit",
- $expr.';my $answer=\''.$list[$i].'\';');
- }
- my ($temp)=split /:/, $aresult;
- $awards.="$temp,";
- $result.=$aresult;
- }
- chop $awards;
- return "$awards:
$result";
+ my $response=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'response'};
+ my $result="Got response :".join(':',@LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer).":\n";
+ &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("args ".join(':',%LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args));
+ my @responselist;
+ my $type = $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'type'};
+ &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Got type :$type:\n");
+ my $num_answers = scalar(@{$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}});
+ if ($type ne ''
+ && $num_answers > 1) {
+ (@responselist)=split(/,/,$response);
+ if (@responselist < $num_answers) {
+ return 'MISSING_ANSWER';
+ }
+ if (@responselist > $num_answers) {
+ return 'EXTRA_ANSWER';
+ }
+ } else {
+ (@responselist)=($response);
+ }
+ &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Initial final response :$responselist['-1']:");
+ my $unit;
+ if ($type eq '' || $type eq 'float') {
+ #for numerical problems split off the unit
+ if ( $responselist['-1']=~ /(.*[^\s])\s+([^\s]+)/ ) {
+ $responselist['-1']=$1;
+ $unit=$2;
+ }
+ }
+ &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Final final response :$responselist['-1']:$unit:");
+ $unit=~s/\s//;
+
+ #&reset_caparesponse_memoization();
+ my ($final_award,$final_msg);
+ &init_permutation(scalar(@responselist),
+ $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'type'});
+ while( &get_permutations_left() ) {
+ my @responses_ordered = @responselist[&get_next_permutation()];
+ my (@awards, @msgs, $i);
+ foreach my $thisanswer (@{ $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'} }) {
+ my ($msg,$aresult);
+ if (defined($thisanswer)) {
+ my $response = $responses_ordered[$i];
+ if ($unit eq '') {
+ $response .= " $unit";
+ }
+ ($aresult,$msg)=&caparesponse_check($thisanswer,$response);
+ } else {
+ $aresult='ERROR';
+ $msg='answer was undefined';
+ }
+ #&LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("after if $aresult -- $msg");
+ my ($temp)=split(/:/, $aresult);
+ push(@awards,$temp);
+ push(@msgs,$msg);
+ $i++;
+ }
+ my ($possible_award,$possible_msg) =
+ &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_FINALIZEAWARDS(\@awards,\@msgs);
+ if ($final_award) {
+ ($final_award,$final_msg) =
+ &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_FINALIZEAWARDS([$final_award,$possible_award],
+ [$final_msg,$possible_msg],
+ undef,1);
+ } else {
+ ($final_award,$final_msg) = ($possible_award,$possible_msg);
+ }
+ }
+ #&reset_caparesponse_memoization();
+ return ($final_award,$final_msg);
}
sub tex {
- if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
- return @_[0];
- } else {
- return @_[1];
- }
+ if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
+ return $_[0];
+ } else {
+ return $_[1];
+ }
}
sub var_in_tex {
- if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
- return @_[0];
- } else {
- return "";
- }
+ if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
+ return $_[0];
+ } else {
+ return "";
+ }
}
sub web {
- if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
- return @_[1];
- } else {
- if ( $external::target eq "web" || $external::target eq "answer") {
- return @_[2];
+ if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
+ return $_[1];
} else {
- return @_[0];
+ if ( $external::target eq "web" || $external::target eq "answer") {
+ return $_[2];
+ } else {
+ return $_[0];
+ }
}
- }
}
sub html {
- if ( $external::target eq "web" ) {
- return shift;
- }
-}
-
-sub problem {
- return '1';
+ if ( $external::target eq "web" ) {
+ return shift;
+ }
}
sub hinton {
- return 0;
+ return 0;
}
sub random {
- my ($start,$end,$step)=@_;
- if ( ! $hidden::RANDOMINIT ) {
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($external::randomseed);
- $hidden::RANDOMINIT=1;
- }
- if (!defined($step)) { $step=1; }
- my $num=1+int(($end-$start)/$step);
- my $result=$start + int(&math_random_uniform() * $num)*$step;
- return $result;
+ my ($start,$end,$step)=@_;
+ if ( ! $hidden::RANDOMINIT ) {
+ if ($external::randomseed == 0) { $external::randomseed=1; }
+ if ($external::randomseed =~/,/) {
+ my ($num1,$num2)=split(/,/,$external::randomseed);
+ &random_set_seed(1,abs($num1));
+ } elsif ($external::randomseed =~/:/) {
+ my ($num1,$num2)=split(/:/,$external::randomseed);
+ &random_set_seed(abs($num1),abs($num2));
+ } else {
+ &random_set_seed(1,int(abs($external::randomseed)));
+ }
+ &math_random_uniform();
+ $hidden::RANDOMINIT=1;
+ }
+ if (!defined($step)) { $step=1; }
+ my $num=1+int(($end-$start)/$step);
+ my $result=$start + int(&math_random_uniform() * $num)*$step;
+ return $result;
}
sub random_normal {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$av,$std_dev) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_normal($item_cnt,$av,$std_dev);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$av,$std_dev) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_normal($item_cnt,$av,$std_dev);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_beta {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$aa,$bb) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_beta($item_cnt,$aa,$bb);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$aa,$bb) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_beta($item_cnt,$aa,$bb);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_gamma {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$a,$r) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_gamma($item_cnt,$a,$r);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$a,$r) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_gamma($item_cnt,$a,$r);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_exponential {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$av) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_exponential($item_cnt,$av);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$av) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_exponential($item_cnt,$av);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_poisson {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$mu) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_poisson($item_cnt,$mu);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$mu) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_poisson($item_cnt,$mu);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_chi {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$df) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_chi_square($item_cnt,$df);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$df) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_chi_square($item_cnt,$df);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_noncentral_chi {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$df,$nonc) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_noncentral_chi_square($item_cnt,$df,$nonc);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$df,$nonc) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_noncentral_chi_square($item_cnt,$df,$nonc);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_f {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$dfn,$dfd) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_f($item_cnt,$dfn,$dfd);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$dfn,$dfd) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_f($item_cnt,$dfn,$dfd);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_noncentral_f {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$dfn,$dfd,$nonc) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_noncentral_f($item_cnt,$dfn,$dfd,$nonc);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$dfn,$dfd,$nonc) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_noncentral_f($item_cnt,$dfn,$dfd,$nonc);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_multivariate_normal {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$mean,$covar) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_multivariate_normal($item_cnt,@$mean,@$covar);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$mean,$covar) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ my @retArray=&math_random_multivariate_normal($item_cnt,@$mean,@$covar);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_multinomial {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,@p) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_multinomial($item_cnt,@p);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,@p) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ my @retArray=&math_random_multinomial($item_cnt,@p);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_permutation {
- my ($seed,@inArray) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_permutation(@inArray);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($seed,@inArray) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_permutation(@inArray);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_uniform {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$low,$high) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_uniform($item_cnt,$low,$high);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$low,$high) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_uniform($item_cnt,$low,$high);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_uniform_integer {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$low,$high) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_uniform_integer($item_cnt,$low,$high);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$low,$high) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_uniform_integer($item_cnt,$low,$high);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_binomial {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$nt,$p) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_binomial($item_cnt,$nt,$p);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$nt,$p) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_binomial($item_cnt,$nt,$p);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
}
sub random_negative_binomial {
- my ($item_cnt,$seed,$ne,$p) = @_;
- my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
- my @retArray;
- &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
- @retArray=&math_random_negative_binomial($item_cnt,$ne,$p);
- &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
- return @retArray;
-}
-
-sub abs { abs(shift) }
-sub sin { sin(shift) }
-sub cos { cos(shift) }
-sub exp { exp(shift) }
-sub int { int(shift) }
-sub log { log(shift) }
-sub atan2 { atan2($_[0],$_[1]) }
-sub sqrt { sqrt(shift) }
+ my ($item_cnt,$seed,$ne,$p) = @_;
+ my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
+ my @retArray;
+ &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
+ @retArray=&math_random_negative_binomial($item_cnt,$ne,$p);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
+ return @retArray;
+}
-sub tan { sin($_[0]) / cos($_[0]) }
+sub abs { CORE::abs(shift) }
+sub sin { CORE::sin(shift) }
+sub cos { CORE::cos(shift) }
+sub exp { CORE::exp(shift) }
+sub int { CORE::int(shift) }
+sub log { CORE::log(shift) }
+sub atan2 { CORE::atan2($_[0],$_[1]) }
+sub sqrt { CORE::sqrt(shift) }
+
+sub tan { CORE::sin($_[0]) / CORE::cos($_[0]) }
#sub atan { atan2($_[0], 1); }
#sub acos { atan2(sqrt(1 - $_[0] * $_[0]), $_[0] ); }
#sub asin { atan2($_[0], sqrt(1- $_[0] * $_[0]) ); }
-sub log10 { log($_[0])/log(10); }
+sub log10 { CORE::log($_[0])/CORE::log(10); }
sub factorial {
- my $input = int(shift);
+ my $input = CORE::int(shift);
return "Error - unable to take factorial of an negative number ($input)" if $input < 0;
return "Error - factorial result is greater than system limit ($input)" if $input > 170;
return 1 if $input == 0;
@@ -468,67 +640,188 @@ sub sub_string {
}
sub pow {return $_[0] ** $_[1]; }
-sub ceil {return (($_[0]-int($_[0]))== 0.0) ? $_[0] : (($_[0] > 0) ? (int($_[0])+ 1) : int($_[0])); }
-sub floor {return (($_[0]-int($_[0]))== 0.0) ? $_[0] : (($_[0] > 0) ? int($_[0]) : (int($_[0])-1)); }
+sub ceil {return (($_[0]-CORE::int($_[0]))== 0.0) ? $_[0] : (($_[0] > 0) ? (CORE::int($_[0])+ 1) : CORE::int($_[0])); }
+sub floor {return (($_[0]-CORE::int($_[0]))== 0.0) ? $_[0] : (($_[0] > 0) ? CORE::int($_[0]) : (CORE::int($_[0])-1)); }
#sub floor {return int($_[0]); }
sub format {
- my ($value,$fmt)=@_;
- my $dollarmode;
- if ($fmt =~ /^\$(.*)/) { $fmt=$1; $dollarmode=1; }
- my $result=sprintf('%.'.$fmt,$value);
- $result=~s/(E[+-]*)0/$1/;
- if ($dollarmode) {$result=&dollarmode($result);}
- return $result;
+ my ($value,$fmt)=@_;
+ my ($dollarmode,$commamode,$alwaysperiod,$options);
+ if ($fmt =~ /^([^\d]*)(.*)/) { $options=$1; $fmt=$2; }
+ #if ($options =~ /\$/) { $dollamode=1; }
+ #if ($options =~ /,/) { $commamode=1; }
+ if ($options =~ /\./) { $alwaysperiod=1; }
+ my $result;
+ if ($fmt=~/s$/i) {
+ $result=&format_significant_figures($value,$fmt);
+ } else {
+ $fmt=~s/e/E/g;
+ $result=sprintf('%.'.$fmt,$value);
+ if ($alwaysperiod && $fmt eq '0f') { $result .='.'; }
+ $result=~s/(E[+-]*)0/$1/;
+ }
+ #if ($dollarmode) {$result=&dollarformat($result);}
+ #if ($commamode) {$result=&commaformat($result);}
+ return $result;
+}
+
+sub chemparse {
+ my ($reaction) = @_;
+ my @tokens = split(/(\s\+|\->|<=>|<\-|\.)/,$reaction);
+ my $formula = '';
+ foreach my $token (@tokens) {
+ if ($token eq '->' ) {
+ $formula .= '\ensuremath{\rightarrow} ';
+ next;
+ }
+ if ($token eq '<-' ) {
+ $formula .= '\ensuremath{\leftarrow} ';
+ next;
+ }
+ if ($token eq '<=>') {
+ if ($external::target eq 'web' &&
+ &EXT('request.browser.unicode')) {
+ $formula .= '⇌ ';
+ } else {
+ $formula .= &web('<=> ','\ensuremath{\rightleftharpoons} ',
+ '<=> ');
+ }
+ next;
+ }
+ if ($token eq '.') {
+ $formula =~ s/(\ \;| )$//;
+ $formula .= '·';
+ next;
+ }
+ $token =~ /^\s*([\d|\/]*(?:&frac\d\d)?)(.*)/;
+ $formula .= $1 if ($1 ne '1'); # stoichiometric coefficient
+
+ my $molecule = $2;
+ # subscripts
+ $molecule =~ s|(?<=[a-zA-Z\)\]\s])(\d+)|$1|g;
+ # superscripts
+ $molecule =~ s|\^(\d*[+\-]*)|$1|g;
+ # strip whitespace
+ $molecule =~ s/\s*//g;
+ # forced space
+ $molecule =~ s/_/ /g;
+ $molecule =~ s/-/−/g;
+ $formula .= $molecule.' ';
+ }
+ # get rid of trailing space
+ $formula =~ s/(\ \;| )$//;
+ return &xmlparse($formula);
}
sub prettyprint {
- my ($value,$fmt)=@_;
- my $result;
- my $dollarmode;
- if ($fmt =~ /^\$(.*)/) { $fmt=$1; $dollarmode=1; }
- if ($fmt) { $value=sprintf('%.'.$fmt,$value); }
- if ($value =~ /([0-9\.\-\+]+)E([0-9\-\+]+)/ ) {
- my $frac=$1;
- if ($dollarmode) { $frac=&dollarformat($frac); }
- my $exponent=$2;
- $exponent=~s/^\+0*//;
- $exponent=~s/^-0*/-/;
- if ($exponent) {
- if ($external::target eq 'web') {
- $result=$frac.'×10'.$exponent.'';
- } elsif ($external::target eq 'tex') {
- $result='\ensuremath{'.$frac.'\times 10^{'.$exponent.'}}';
- } else {
+ my ($value,$fmt,$target)=@_;
+ my $result;
+ if (!$target) { $target = $external::target; }
+ if ($fmt =~ /chem/i) { return(&chemparse($value)); }
+ my ($dollarmode,$commamode,$alwaysperiod,$options);
+ if ($fmt =~ /^([^\d]*)(.*)/) { $options=$1; $fmt=$2; }
+ if ($options =~ /\$/) { $dollarmode=1; }
+ if ($options =~ /,/) { $commamode=1; }
+ if ($options =~ /\./) { $alwaysperiod=1; }
+ if ($fmt=~/s$/i) {
+ $value=&format_significant_figures($value,$fmt);
+ } elsif ($fmt) {
+ $value=sprintf('%.'.$fmt,$value);
+ }
+ if ($alwaysperiod && $fmt eq '0f') {
+ if ($target eq 'tex') {
+ $value .='\\ensuremath{.}';
+ } else {
+ $value .='.';
+ }
+ }
+ if ($value =~ /([0-9\.\-\+]+)E([0-9\-\+]+)/i ) {
+ my $frac=$1;
+ if ($dollarmode) { $frac=&dollarformat($frac); }
+ if ($commamode) { $frac=&commaformat($frac); }
+ my $exponent=$2;
+ $exponent=~s/^\+0*//;
+ $exponent=~s/^-0*/-/;
+ $exponent=~s/^-0*/-/;
+ if ($exponent eq '-') { undef($exponent); }
+ if ($exponent) {
+ if ($target eq 'web') {
+ $result=$frac.'×10'.$exponent.'';
+ } elsif ($target eq 'tex') {
+ $result='\ensuremath{'.$frac.'\times 10^{'.$exponent.'}}';
+ } else {
+ $result=$value;
+ }
+ } else {
+ $result=$frac;
+ }
+ } else {
$result=$value;
- }
+ if ($dollarmode) { $result=&dollarformat($result,$target); }
+ elsif ($commamode) { $result=&commaformat($result,$target); }
+ }
+ return $result;
+}
+
+sub commaformat {
+ my ($number,$target) = @_;
+ if ($number =~ /\./) {
+ while ($number =~ /([^0-9]*)([0-9]+)([^\.,][^\.,][^\.,])([,0-9]*\.[0-9]*)$/) {
+ $number = $1.$2.','.$3.$4;
+ }
} else {
- $result=$frac;
+ while ($number =~ /^([^0-9]*)([0-9]+)([^,][^,][^,])([,0-9]*)$/) {
+ $number = $1.$2.','.$3.$4;
+ }
}
- } else {
- $result=$value;
- if ($dollarmode) { $result=&dollarformat($result); }
- }
- return $result;
+ return $number;
}
sub dollarformat {
- my ($number) = @_;
- if ($number =~ /\./) {
- while ($number =~ /([^\.,]+)([^\.,][^\.,][^\.,])([,0-9]*\.[0-9]*$)/) {
- $number = $1.','.$2.$3;
- }
- } else {
- while ($number =~ /([^,]+)([^,][^,][^,])([,0-9]*)$/) {
- $number = $1.','.$2.$3;
- }
- }
- if ($external::target eq 'tex') {
- $number='\$'.$number; #' stupid emacs
- } else {
- $number='$'.$number; #' stupid emacs
- }
- return $number;
+ my ($number,$target) = @_;
+ if (!$target) { $target = $external::target; }
+ $number=&commaformat($number,$target);
+ if ($target eq 'tex') {
+ $number='\$'.$number; #' stupid emacs
+ } else {
+ $number='$'.$number; #' stupid emacs
+ }
+ return $number;
+}
+
+# format of form ns or nS where n is an integer
+sub format_significant_figures {
+ my ($number,$format) = @_;
+ return '0' if ($number == 0);
+ # extract number of significant figures needed
+ my ($sig) = ($format =~ /(\d+)s/i);
+ # arbitrary choice - suggestions ?? or throw error message?
+ $sig = 3 if ($sig eq '');
+ # save the minus sign
+ my $sign = ($number < 0) ? '-' : '';
+ $number = abs($number);
+ # needed to correct for a number greater than 1 (or
+ my $power = ($number < 1) ? 0 : 1;
+ # could round up. Take the integer part of log10.
+ my $x10 = int(log($number)/log(10));
+ # find number with values left of decimal pt = # of sign figs.
+ my $xsig = $number*10**($sig-$x10-$power);
+ # get just digits left of decimal pt - also rounds off correctly
+ my $xint = sprintf('%.0f',$xsig);
+ # save any trailing zero's
+ my ($zeros) = ($xint =~ /(0+)$/);
+ # return number to original magnitude
+ my $numSig = $xint*10**($x10-$sig+$power);
+ # insert trailing zero's if have decimal point
+ $numSig =~ s/^(\d+)\.(\d+)(\e?(.*)?)$/$1\.$2$zeros$3/;
+ # put a decimal pt for number ending with 0 and length = # of sig fig
+ $numSig.='.' if (length($numSig) == $sig && $numSig =~ /0$/);
+ if (length($numSig) < $sig) {
+ $numSig.='.'.substr($zeros,0,($sig-length($numSig)));
+ }
+ # return number with sign
+ return $sign.$numSig;
+
}
sub map {
@@ -565,7 +858,7 @@ sub map {
}
}
}
- &random_set_seed(@seed);
+ &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
return '';
}
@@ -624,117 +917,151 @@ sub capa_id { return }
sub problem { return }
sub name{
- my $fullname = &EXT('environment.lastname').', '.&EXT('environment.firstname').' '.&EXT('environment.middlename');
- $fullname = "" if $fullname eq ", ";
- $fullname =~ s/\%2d/-/g;
- return $fullname;
+ my $fullname = &EXT('environment.lastname').', '.&EXT('environment.firstname').' '.&EXT('environment.middlename');
+ $fullname = "" if $fullname eq ", ";
+ $fullname =~ s/\%2d/-/g;
+ return $fullname;
}
sub student_number {
- my $id = &EXT('environment.id');
- $id = '' if $id eq "";
- return $id;
+ my $id = &EXT('environment.id');
+ $id = '' if $id eq "";
+ return $id;
}
sub class {
- my $course = &EXT('course.description');
- $course = '' if $course eq "";
- return $course;
+ my $course = &EXT('course.description');
+ $course = '' if $course eq "";
+ return $course;
+}
+
+sub firstname {
+ my $firstname = &EXT('environment.firstname');
+ $firstname = '' if $firstname eq "";
+ return $firstname;
+}
+
+sub lastname {
+ my $lastname = &EXT('environment.lastname');
+ $lastname = '' if $lastname eq "";
+ return $lastname;
}
sub sec {
- my $sec = &EXT('request.course.sec');
- $sec = '' if $sec eq "";
- return $sec;
+ my $sec = &EXT('request.course.sec');
+ $sec = '' if $sec eq "";
+ return $sec;
}
sub open_date {
- my @dc = split(/\s+/,localtime(&EXT('resource.0.opendate')));
- return '' if ($dc[0] eq "Wed" and $dc[2] == 31 and $dc[4] == 1969);
- my @hm = split(/:/,$dc[3]);
- my $ampm = " am";
- if ($hm[0] > 12) {
- $hm[0]-=12;
- $ampm = " pm";
- }
- return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$hm[0].':'.$hm[1].$ampm;
+ my @dc = split(/\s+/,localtime(&EXT('resource.0.opendate')));
+ return '' if ($dc[0] eq "Wed" and $dc[2] == 31 and $dc[4] == 1969);
+ my @hm = split(/:/,$dc[3]);
+ my $ampm = " am";
+ if ($hm[0] > 12) {
+ $hm[0]-=12;
+ $ampm = " pm";
+ }
+ return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$hm[0].':'.$hm[1].$ampm;
}
sub due_date {
- my @dc = split(/\s+/,localtime(&EXT('resource.0.duedate')));
- return '' if ($dc[0] eq "Wed" and $dc[2] == 31 and $dc[4] == 1969);
- my @hm = split(/:/,$dc[3]);
- my $ampm = " am";
- if ($hm[0] > 12) {
- $hm[0]-=12;
- $ampm = " pm";
- }
- return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$hm[0].':'.$hm[1].$ampm;
-# return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$dc[3];
+ my @dc = split(/\s+/,localtime(&EXT('resource.0.duedate')));
+ return '' if ($dc[0] eq "Wed" and $dc[2] == 31 and $dc[4] == 1969);
+ my @hm = split(/:/,$dc[3]);
+ my $ampm = " am";
+ if ($hm[0] > 12) {
+ $hm[0]-=12;
+ $ampm = " pm";
+ }
+ return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$hm[0].':'.$hm[1].$ampm;
}
sub answer_date {
- my @dc = split(/\s+/,localtime(&EXT('resource.0.answerdate')));
- return '' if ($dc[0] eq "Wed" and $dc[2] == 31 and $dc[4] == 1969);
- my @hm = split(/:/,$dc[3]);
- my $ampm = " am";
- if ($hm[0] > 12) {
- $hm[0]-=12;
- $ampm = " pm";
- }
- return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$hm[0].':'.$hm[1].$ampm;
-# return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$dc[3];
+ my @dc = split(/\s+/,localtime(&EXT('resource.0.answerdate')));
+ return '' if ($dc[0] eq "Wed" and $dc[2] == 31 and $dc[4] == 1969);
+ my @hm = split(/:/,$dc[3]);
+ my $ampm = " am";
+ if ($hm[0] > 12) {
+ $hm[0]-=12;
+ $ampm = " pm";
+ }
+ return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$hm[0].':'.$hm[1].$ampm;
}
sub array_moments {
- my @input=@_;
- my (@output,$N);
- $N=scalar (@input);
- $output[0]=$N;
- if ($N <= 1) {
- $output[1]=$input[0];
- $output[1]="Input array not defined" if ($N == 0);
- $output[2]="variance undefined for N<=1";
- $output[3]="skewness undefined for N<=1";
- $output[4]="kurtosis undefined for N<=1";
+ my @input=@_;
+ my (@output,$N);
+ $N=scalar (@input);
+ $output[0]=$N;
+ if ($N <= 1) {
+ $output[1]=$input[0];
+ $output[1]="Input array not defined" if ($N == 0);
+ $output[2]="variance undefined for N<=1";
+ $output[3]="skewness undefined for N<=1";
+ $output[4]="kurtosis undefined for N<=1";
+ return @output;
+ }
+ my $sum=0;
+ foreach my $line (@input) {
+ $sum+=$line;
+ }
+ $output[1] = $sum/$N;
+ my ($x,$sdev,$var,$skew,$kurt) = 0;
+ foreach my $line (@input) {
+ $x=$line-$output[1];
+ $var+=$x**2;
+ $skew+=$x**3;
+ $kurt+=$x**4;
+ }
+ $output[2]=$var/($N-1);
+ $sdev=CORE::sqrt($output[2]);
+ if ($sdev == 0) {
+ $output[3]="inf-variance=0";
+ $output[4]="inf-variance=0";
+ return @output;
+ }
+ $output[3]=$skew/($sdev**3*$N);
+ $output[4]=$kurt/($sdev**4*$N)-3;
return @output;
- }
- my $sum=0;
- foreach my $line (@input) {
- $sum+=$line;
- }
- $output[1] = $sum/$N;
- my ($x,$sdev,$var,$skew,$kurt) = 0;
- foreach my $line (@input) {
- $x=$line-$output[1];
- $var+=$x**2;
- $skew+=$x**3;
- $kurt+=$x**4;
- }
- $output[2]=$var/($N-1);
- $sdev=sqrt($output[2]);
- if ($sdev == 0) {
- $output[3]="inf-variance=0";
- $output[4]="inf-variance=0";
- return @output;
- }
- $output[3]=$skew/($sdev**3*$N);
- $output[4]=$kurt/($sdev**4*$N)-3;
- return @output;
}
sub choose {
- my $num = $_[0];
- return $_[$num];
+ my $num = $_[0];
+ return $_[$num];
}
+#&sum1(1,$x,sub { &sum1($_[0],2*$_[0], sub { fact($_[0])**2 })});
+#sub sum1 {
+# my ($start,$end,$sub)=@_;
+# my $sum=0;
+# for (my $i=$start;$i<=$end;$i++) {
+# $sum+=&$sub($i);
+# }
+# return $sum
+#}
+
+#&sum2('a',1,$x,'&sum2(\'b\',$a,2*$a, \'&factorial($b)**2\')');
+#sub sum2 {
+# my ($varname,$start,$end,$line)=@_;
+# my $sum=0;
+# for (my $i=$start;$i<=$end;$i++) {
+# my $func=sub {
+# eval("\$".$varname."=$i");
+# eval($line);
+# };
+# $sum+=&$func($i);
+# }
+# return $sum
+#}
+
# expiremental idea
sub proper_path {
- my ($path)=@_;
- if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
- return '/home/httpd/html'.$path;
- } else {
- return $path;
- }
+ my ($path)=@_;
+ if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
+ return '/home/httpd/html'.$path;
+ } else {
+ return $path;
+ }
}