loncom/homework/default_homework.lcpm - view

File: [LON-CAPA] / loncom / homework / default_homework.lcpm
Revision 1.150: download - view: text, annotated - select for diffs
Mon Oct 18 19:47:31 2010 UTC (13 years, 6 months ago) by raeburn
Branches: MAIN
CVS tags: HEAD

- Bug 5531.
  - remove control characters from student submission for stringresponse,
    unless "computer's answer" also includes control characters.
    (correctness evaluated with control characters removed).
  - log to lonnet.log if control characters were removed (if <CR>, <FF> or
    newline, escape these control characters, when included in log report).

1: # The LearningOnline Network with CAPA 2: # used by lonxml::xmlparse() as input variable $safeinit to Apache::run::run() 3: # 4: # $Id: default_homework.lcpm,v 1.150 2010/10/18 19:47:31 raeburn Exp $ 5: # 6: # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees 7: # 8: # This file is part of the LearningOnline Network with CAPA (LON-CAPA). 9: # 10: # LON-CAPA is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 11: # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 12: # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 13: # (at your option) any later version. 14: # 15: # LON-CAPA is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 16: # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 17: # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 18: # GNU General Public License for more details. 19: # 20: # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 21: # along with LON-CAPA; if not, write to the Free Software 22: # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA 23: # 24: # /home/httpd/html/adm/gpl.txt 25: # 26: # http://www.lon-capa.org/ 27: # 28: # 29: 30: #init some globals 31: $hidden::RANDOMINIT=0; 32: $pi=atan2(1,1)*4; 33: $rad2deg=180.0/$pi; 34: $deg2rad=$pi/180.0; 35: $"=' '; 36: use strict; 37: { 38: my $n = 0; 39: my $total = 0; 40: my $num_left = 0; 41: my @order; 42: my $type; 43: 44: sub init_permutation { 45: my ($size,$requested_type) = @_; 46: @order = (0..$size-1); 47: $n = $size; 48: $type = $requested_type; 49: if ($type eq 'ordered') { 50: $total = $num_left = 1; 51: } elsif ($type eq 'unordered') { 52: $total = $num_left = &factorial($size); 53: } else { 54: die("Unkown type: $type"); 55: } 56: } 57: 58: sub get_next_permutation { 59: if ($num_left == $total) { 60: $num_left--; 61: return \@order; 62: } 63: 64: # Find largest index j with a[j] < a[j+1] 65: 66: my $j = scalar(@order) - 2; 67: while ($order[$j] > $order[$j+1]) { 68: $j--; 69: } 70: 71: # Find index k such that a[k] is smallest integer 72: # greater than a[j] to the right of a[j] 73: 74: my $k = scalar(@order) - 1; 75: while ($order[$j] > $order[$k]) { 76: $k--; 77: } 78: 79: # Interchange a[j] and a[k] 80: 81: @order[($k,$j)] = @order[($j,$k)]; 82: 83: # Put tail end of permutation after jth position in increasing order 84: 85: my $r = scalar(@order) - 1; 86: my $s = $j + 1; 87: 88: while ($r > $s) { 89: @order[($s,$r)]=@order[($r,$s)]; 90: $r--; 91: $s++; 92: } 93: 94: $num_left--; 95: return(\@order); 96: } 97: 98: sub get_permutations_left { 99: return $num_left; 100: } 101: } 102: 103: sub check_commas { 104: my ($response)=@_; 105: #print("$response "); 106: my @numbers=split(',',$response); 107: #print(" numbers ".join('-',@numbers)." "); 108: if (scalar(@numbers) > 1) { 109: #print(" numbers[0] ".$numbers[0]." "); 110: if (length($numbers[0]) > 3 || length($numbers[0]) == 0) { return -1; } 111: shift(@numbers); 112: #print(" numbers ".scalar(@numbers)." "); 113: while (scalar(@numbers) > 1) { 114: #print(" numbers ".join('-',@numbers)." "); 115: if (length($numbers[0]) != 3) { return -2; } 116: shift(@numbers); 117: } 118: my ($number)=split('\.',$numbers[0]); 119: #print(" number ".$number." "); 120: #print(" numbers[0] ".$numbers[0]." "); 121: if (length($number) != 3) { return -3; } 122: } else { 123: my ($number)=split('\.',$numbers[0]); 124: if (length($number) > 3) { return -4; } 125: } 126: return 1; 127: } 128: 129: 130: sub caparesponse_check { 131: my ($answer,$response)=@_; 132: #not properly used yet: calc 133: #not to be used: $ans_fmt 134: my $type=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'type'}; 135: my $tol=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'tol'}; 136: my $sig=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'sig'}; 137: my $ans_fmt=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'format'}; 138: my $unit=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'unit'}; 139: my $calc=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'calc'}; 140: my $samples=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'samples'}; 141: 142: my $tol_type=''; # gets it's value from whether tol has a % or not done 143: my $sig_lbound=''; #done 144: my $sig_ubound=''; #done 145: 146: 147: #type's definitons come from capaParser.h 148: 149: #remove leading and trailing whitespace 150: if (!defined($response)) { 151: $response=''; 152: } 153: if ($response=~ /^\s|\s$/) { 154: $response=~ s:^\s+|\s+$::g; 155: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Removed ws now :$response:"); 156: } 157: 158: #&LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG(" type is $type "); 159: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') { 160: #for string answers make sure all places spaces occur, there is 161: #really only 1 space, in both the answer and the response 162: $answer=~s/ +/ /g; 163: $response=~s/ +/ /g; 164: } elsif ($type eq 'mc') { 165: $answer=~s/[\s,]//g; 166: $response=~s/[\s,]//g; 167: } 168: if ($type eq 'float' && $unit=~/\$/) { 169: if ($response!~/^\$|\$$/) { return ('NO_UNIT', undef); } 170: $response=~s/\$//g; 171: } 172: if ($type eq 'float' && $unit=~/\,/ && (&check_commas($response)<0)) { 173: return "COMMA_FAIL:"; 174: } 175: $ans_fmt=~s/\W//g; 176: $unit=~s/[\$,]//g; 177: if ($type eq 'float') { $response=~s/,//g; } 178: 179: if (length($response) > 500) { return ('TOO_LONG',undef); } 180: 181: if ($type eq '' ) { 182: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Didn't find a type :$type: defaulting"); 183: if ( $answer eq ($answer *1.0)) { $type = 2; 184: } else { $type = 3; } 185: } else { 186: if ($type eq 'cs') { $type = 4; } 187: elsif ($type eq 'ci') { $type = 3 } 188: elsif ($type eq 'mc') { $type = 5; } 189: elsif ($type eq 'fml') { $type = 8; } 190: elsif ($type eq 'math') { $type = 9; } 191: elsif ($type eq 'subj') { $type = 7; } 192: elsif ($type eq 'float') { $type = 2; } 193: elsif ($type eq 'int') { $type = 1; } 194: else { return ('ERROR', "Unknown type of answer: $type") } 195: } 196: 197: my $points; 198: my $id_list; 199: #formula type setup the sample points 200: if ($type eq '8') { 201: ($id_list,$points)=split(/@/,$samples); 202: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Found :$id_list:$points: points in $samples"); 203: } 204: if ($tol eq '') { 205: $tol=0.0; 206: $tol_type=1; #TOL_ABSOLUTE 207: } else { 208: if ($tol =~ /%$/) { 209: chop $tol; 210: $tol_type=2; #TOL_PERCENTAGE 211: } else { 212: $tol_type=1; #TOL_ABSOLUTE 213: } 214: } 215: 216: ($sig_ubound,$sig_lbound)=&LONCAPA_INTERNAL_get_sigrange($sig); 217: 218: my $reterror=""; 219: my $result; 220: if (($type eq '9') || ($type eq '8')) { 221: if ($response=~/\=/) { 222: return ('BAD_FORMULA','Please submit just an expression, not an equation.'); 223: } elsif ($response =~ /\,/ and $response !~ /^\s*\{.*\}\s*$/) { 224: return ('BAD_FORMULA'); 225: } 226: } 227: if ($type eq '9') { 228: $result = &maxima_check(&maxima_cas_formula_fix($response),&maxima_cas_formula_fix($answer),\$reterror); 229: } else { 230: if ($type eq '8') { # fml type 231: $response = &capa_formula_fix($response); 232: $answer = &capa_formula_fix($answer); 233: } 234: $result = &caparesponse_capa_check_answer($response,$answer,$type, 235: $tol_type,$tol, 236: $sig_lbound,$sig_ubound, 237: $ans_fmt,$unit,$calc,$id_list, 238: $points,$external::randomseed, 239: \$reterror); 240: } 241: if ($result == '1') { $result='EXACT_ANS'; } 242: elsif ($result == '2') { $result='APPROX_ANS'; } 243: elsif ($result == '3') { $result='SIG_FAIL'; } 244: elsif ($result == '4') { $result='UNIT_FAIL'; } 245: elsif ($result == '5') { $result='NO_UNIT'; } 246: elsif ($result == '6') { $result='UNIT_OK'; } 247: elsif ($result == '7') { $result='INCORRECT'; } 248: elsif ($result == '8') { $result='UNIT_NOTNEEDED'; } 249: elsif ($result == '9') { $result='ANS_CNT_NOT_MATCH'; } 250: elsif ($result =='10') { $result='SUB_RECORDED'; } 251: elsif ($result =='11') { $result='BAD_FORMULA'; } 252: elsif ($result =='12' && !$response) { $result='MISSING_ANSWER'; } 253: elsif ($result =='12') { $result='WANTED_NUMERIC'; } 254: elsif ($result =='13') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_INSTRUCTOR'; } 255: elsif ($result =='141') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; } 256: elsif ($result =='142') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; } 257: elsif ($result =='143') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; } 258: elsif ($result =='15') { $result='UNIT_IRRECONCIBLE'; } 259: else {$result = "ERROR: Unknown Result:$result:$@:";} 260: 261: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("RetError $reterror: Answer $answer: Response $response: type-$type|$tol|$tol_type|$sig:$sig_lbound:$sig_ubound|$unit|"); 262: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG(" $answer $response $result "); 263: return ($result,$reterror); 264: } 265: 266: 267: sub caparesponse_check_list { 268: my $responses=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'response'}; 269: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("args ".join(':',%LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args)); 270: my $type = $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'type'}; 271: my $answerunit=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'unit'}; 272: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Got type :$type: answer unit :$answerunit:\n"); 273: 274: my $num_input_lines = 275: scalar(@{$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}}); 276: 277: if ($type ne '' ) { 278: if (scalar(@$responses) < $num_input_lines) { 279: return 'MISSING_ANSWER'; 280: } 281: if (scalar(@$responses) > $num_input_lines) { 282: return 'EXTRA_ANSWER'; 283: } 284: 285: } 286: 287: foreach my $which (0..($num_input_lines-1)) { 288: my $answer_size = 289: scalar(@{$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}[$which]}); 290: if ($type ne '' 291: && $answer_size > 1) { 292: $responses->[$which]=[split(/,/,$responses->[$which])]; 293: } else { 294: $responses->[$which]=[$responses->[$which]]; 295: } 296: } 297: foreach my $which (0..($num_input_lines-1)) { 298: my $answer_size = 299: scalar(@{$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}[$which]}); 300: my $response_size = 301: scalar(@{$responses->[$which]}); 302: if ($answer_size > $response_size) { 303: return 'MISSING_ANSWER'; 304: } 305: if ($answer_size < $response_size) { 306: return 'EXTRA_ANSWER'; 307: } 308: } 309: 310: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Initial final response :$responses->[0][-1]:"); 311: my $unit; 312: if ($type eq 'float' || $type eq '') { 313: #for numerical problems split off the unit 314: # if ( $responses->[0][-1]=~ /(.*[^\s])\s+([^\s]+)/ ) { 315: if ( $responses->[0][-1]=~ /^([\d\.\,\s\$]*(?:(?:[xX\*]10[\^\*]*|[eE]*)[\+\-]*\d*)*(?:^|\S)\d+)([\$\s\w\^\*\/\+\-]*[^\d\.\s\,][\$\s\w\^\*\/\+\-]*)$/ ) { 316: $responses->[0][-1]=$1; 317: $unit=&capa_formula_fix($2); 318: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Found unit :$unit:"); 319: } 320: } 321: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Final final response :$responses->[0][-1]:$unit:"); 322: $unit=~s/\s//; 323: my $error; 324: foreach my $response (@$responses) { 325: foreach my $element (@$response) { 326: if (($type eq 'float') || (($type eq '') && ($unit ne ''))) { 327: $element =~ s/\s//g; 328: } 329: my $appendunit=$unit; 330: # Deal with percentages 331: # unit is unit entered by student, answerunit is unit by author 332: # Deprecated: divide answer by 100 if student entered percent, 333: # but author did not. Too much confusion 334: # if (($unit=~/\%/) && ($answerunit ne '%')) { 335: # $element=$element/100; 336: # $appendunit=~s/\%//; 337: # } 338: # Author entered percent, student did not 339: if (($unit!~/\%/) && ($answerunit=~/\%/)) { 340: $element=$element*100; 341: $appendunit='%'.$appendunit; 342: } 343: # Zero does not need a dimension 344: if (($element==0) && ($unit!~/\w/) && ($answerunit=~/\w/)) { 345: $appendunit=$answerunit; 346: } 347: if ($appendunit ne '') { 348: $element .= " $appendunit"; 349: } 350: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Made response element :$element:"); 351: } 352: } 353: 354: foreach my $thisanswer (@{ $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'} }) { 355: if (!defined($thisanswer)) { 356: return ('ERROR','answer was undefined'); 357: } 358: } 359: 360: my $allow_control_char = 0; 361: my $control_chars_removed = 0; 362: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') { 363: if (ref($LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}) eq 'ARRAY') { 364: foreach my $strans (@{$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}}) { 365: if ($strans =~ /[\000-\037]/) { 366: $allow_control_char = 1; 367: } 368: } 369: } 370: } 371: 372: # &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG(&LONCAPA_INTERNAL_Dumper($responses)); 373: my %memoized; 374: if ($LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'type'} eq 'ordered') { 375: for (my $i=0; $i<scalar(@$responses);$i++) { 376: my $answer = $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}[$i]; 377: my $response = $responses->[$i]; 378: my $key = "$answer\0$response"; 379: my (@awards,@msgs); 380: for (my $j=0; $j<scalar(@$response); $j++) { 381: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') { 382: unless ($allow_control_char) { 383: if ($response->[$j] =~ /[\000-\037]/) { 384: $response->[$j] =~ s/[\000-\037]//g; 385: $control_chars_removed = 1; 386: } 387: } 388: } 389: my ($award,$msg) = &caparesponse_check($answer->[$j], 390: $response->[$j]); 391: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') { 392: $error = &verify_stringresponse($type,$award,$response->[$j], 393: $answer->[$j]); 394: } 395: push(@awards,$award); 396: push(@msgs, $msg); 397: } 398: my ($award,$msg) = 399: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_FINALIZEAWARDS(\@awards,\@msgs); 400: $memoized{$key} = [$award,$msg]; 401: } 402: } else { 403: #FIXME broken with unorder responses where one is a <value> 404: # and the other is a <vector> (need to delay parse til 405: # inside the loop?) 406: foreach my $response (@$responses) { 407: my $response_size = scalar(@{$response}); 408: foreach my $answer (@{ $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'} }) { 409: my $key = "$answer\0$response"; 410: my $answer_size = scalar(@{$answer}); 411: my ($award,$msg); 412: if ($answer_size > $response_size) { 413: $award = 'MISSING_ANSWER'; 414: } elsif ($answer_size < $response_size) { 415: $award = 'EXTRA_ANSWER'; 416: } else { 417: my (@awards,@msgs); 418: for (my $j=0; $j<scalar(@$response); $j++) { 419: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') { 420: unless ($allow_control_char) { 421: if ($response->[$j] =~ /[\000-\037]/) { 422: $response->[$j] =~ s/[\000-\037]//g; 423: $control_chars_removed = 1; 424: } 425: } 426: } 427: my ($award,$msg) = &caparesponse_check($answer->[$j], 428: $response->[$j]); 429: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') { 430: $error = &verify_stringresponse($type,$award,$response->[$j], 431: $answer->[$j]); 432: } 433: push(@awards,$award); 434: push(@msgs, $msg); 435: } 436: ($award,$msg) = 437: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_FINALIZEAWARDS(\@awards,\@msgs); 438: } 439: $memoized{$key} = [$award,$msg]; 440: } 441: } 442: } 443: 444: my ($final_award,$final_msg); 445: &init_permutation(scalar(@$responses), 446: $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'type'}); 447: 448: # possible FIXMEs 449: # - significant time is spent calling non-safe space routine 450: # from safe space 451: # - early outs could be possible with classifying awards is to stratas 452: # and stopping as so as hitting the top strata 453: # - some early outs also might be possible with check ing the 454: # memoized hash of results (is correct even possible? etc.) 455: 456: my (@final_awards,@final_msg); 457: while( &get_permutations_left() ) { 458: my $order = &get_next_permutation(); 459: my (@awards, @msgs, $i); 460: foreach my $thisanswer (@{ $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'} }) { 461: my $key = "$thisanswer\0".$responses->[$order->[$i]]; 462: push(@awards,$memoized{$key}[0]); 463: push(@msgs,$memoized{$key}[1]); 464: $i++; 465: 466: } 467: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG(" all awards ".join(':',@awards)); 468: 469: my ($possible_award,$possible_msg) = 470: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_FINALIZEAWARDS(\@awards,\@msgs); 471: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG(" pos awards ".$possible_award); 472: push(@final_awards,$possible_award); 473: push(@final_msg,$possible_msg); 474: } 475: 476: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG(" all final_awards ".join(':',@final_awards)); 477: my ($final_award,$final_msg) = 478: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_FINALIZEAWARDS(\@final_awards,\@final_msg,undef,1); 479: return ($final_award,$final_msg,$error,$control_chars_removed); 480: } 481: 482: sub verify_stringresponse { 483: my ($type,$award,$resp,$ans) = @_; 484: return if ($award eq 'EXACT_ANS'); 485: my $error; 486: if ($resp =~ /^\s|\s$/) { 487: $resp =~ s{^\s+|\s+$}{}g; 488: } 489: if ($ans =~ /^\s|\s$/) { 490: $ans =~ s{^\s+|\s+$}{}g; 491: } 492: if ($type eq 'ci') { 493: $resp = lc($resp); 494: $ans = lc($ans); 495: } 496: if ($resp eq $ans) { 497: if ($award eq 'INCORRECT') { 498: $error = 'MISGRADED'; 499: } 500: } 501: return $error; 502: } 503: 504: sub cas { 505: my ($system,$input,$library)=@_; 506: my $output; 507: my $dump; 508: if ($system eq 'maxima') { 509: $output=&maxima_eval($input,$library); 510: } elsif ($system eq 'R') { 511: ($output,$dump)=&r_eval($input,$library,0); 512: } else { 513: $output='Error: unrecognized CAS'; 514: } 515: return $output; 516: } 517: 518: sub cas_hashref { 519: my ($system,$input,$library)=@_; 520: if ($system eq 'maxima') { 521: return 'Error: unsupported CAS'; 522: } elsif ($system eq 'R') { 523: return &r_eval($input,$library,1); 524: } else { 525: return 'Error: unrecognized CAS'; 526: } 527: } 528: 529: # 530: # cas_hashref_entry takes a list of indices and gets the entry in a hash generated by Rreturn. 531: # Call: cas_hashref_entry(Rvalue, index1, index2, ...) where Rvalue is a hash returned by Rreturn. 532: # Rentry will return the first scalar value it encounters (ignoring excess indices). 533: # If an invalid key is given, it returns undef. 534: # 535: sub cas_hashref_entry { 536: return &Rentry(@_); 537: } 538: 539: # 540: # cas_hashref_array takes a list of indices and gets a column array from a hash generated by Rreturn. 541: # Call: cas_hashref_array(Rvalue, index1, index2, ...) where Rvalue is a hash returned by Rreturn. 542: # If an invalid key is given, it returns undef. 543: # 544: sub cas_hashref_array { 545: return &Rarray(@_); 546: } 547: 548: sub tex { 549: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) { 550: return $_[0]; 551: } else { 552: return $_[1]; 553: } 554: } 555: 556: sub var_in_tex { 557: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) { 558: return $_[0]; 559: } else { 560: return ""; 561: } 562: } 563: 564: sub web { 565: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) { 566: return $_[1]; 567: } else { 568: if ( $external::target eq "web" || $external::target eq "answer") { 569: return $_[2]; 570: } else { 571: return $_[0]; 572: } 573: } 574: } 575: 576: sub html { 577: if ( $external::target eq "web" ) { 578: return shift; 579: } 580: } 581: 582: sub hinton { 583: return 0; 584: } 585: 586: sub random { 587: my ($start,$end,$step)=@_; 588: if ( ! $hidden::RANDOMINIT ) { 589: if ($external::randomseed == 0) { $external::randomseed=1; } 590: if ($external::randomseed =~/,/) { 591: my ($num1,$num2)=split(/,/,$external::randomseed); 592: &random_set_seed(1,abs($num1)); 593: } elsif ($external::randomseed =~/:/) { 594: my ($num1,$num2)=split(/:/,$external::randomseed); 595: &random_set_seed(abs($num1),abs($num2)); 596: } else { 597: &random_set_seed(1,int(abs($external::randomseed))); 598: } 599: &math_random_uniform(); 600: $hidden::RANDOMINIT=1; 601: } 602: if (!defined($step)) { $step=1; } 603: my $num=1+int(($end-$start)/$step); 604: my $result=$start + int(&math_random_uniform() * $num)*$step; 605: return $result; 606: } 607: 608: sub random_normal { 609: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$av,$std_dev) = @_; 610: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 611: my @retArray; 612: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 613: @retArray=&math_random_normal($item_cnt,$av,$std_dev); 614: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 615: return @retArray; 616: } 617: 618: sub random_beta { 619: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$aa,$bb) = @_; 620: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 621: my @retArray; 622: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 623: @retArray=&math_random_beta($item_cnt,$aa,$bb); 624: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 625: return @retArray; 626: } 627: 628: sub random_gamma { 629: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$a,$r) = @_; 630: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 631: my @retArray; 632: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 633: @retArray=&math_random_gamma($item_cnt,$a,$r); 634: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 635: return @retArray; 636: } 637: 638: sub random_exponential { 639: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$av) = @_; 640: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 641: my @retArray; 642: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 643: @retArray=&math_random_exponential($item_cnt,$av); 644: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 645: return @retArray; 646: } 647: 648: sub random_poisson { 649: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$mu) = @_; 650: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 651: my @retArray; 652: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 653: @retArray=&math_random_poisson($item_cnt,$mu); 654: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 655: return @retArray; 656: } 657: 658: sub random_chi { 659: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$df) = @_; 660: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 661: my @retArray; 662: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 663: @retArray=&math_random_chi_square($item_cnt,$df); 664: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 665: return @retArray; 666: } 667: 668: sub random_noncentral_chi { 669: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$df,$nonc) = @_; 670: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 671: my @retArray; 672: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 673: @retArray=&math_random_noncentral_chi_square($item_cnt,$df,$nonc); 674: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 675: return @retArray; 676: } 677: 678: sub random_f { 679: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$dfn,$dfd) = @_; 680: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 681: my @retArray; 682: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 683: @retArray=&math_random_f($item_cnt,$dfn,$dfd); 684: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 685: return @retArray; 686: } 687: 688: sub random_noncentral_f { 689: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$dfn,$dfd,$nonc) = @_; 690: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 691: my @retArray; 692: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 693: @retArray=&math_random_noncentral_f($item_cnt,$dfn,$dfd,$nonc); 694: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 695: return @retArray; 696: } 697: 698: sub random_multivariate_normal { 699: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$mean,$covar) = @_; 700: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 701: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 702: my @retArray=&math_random_multivariate_normal($item_cnt,@$mean,@$covar); 703: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 704: return @retArray; 705: } 706: 707: sub random_multinomial { 708: my ($item_cnt,$seed,@p) = @_; 709: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 710: my @retArray; 711: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 712: my @retArray=&math_random_multinomial($item_cnt,@p); 713: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 714: return @retArray; 715: } 716: 717: sub random_permutation { 718: my ($seed,@inArray) = @_; 719: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 720: my @retArray; 721: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 722: @retArray=&math_random_permutation(@inArray); 723: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 724: return @retArray; 725: } 726: 727: sub random_uniform { 728: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$low,$high) = @_; 729: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 730: my @retArray; 731: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 732: @retArray=&math_random_uniform($item_cnt,$low,$high); 733: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 734: return @retArray; 735: } 736: 737: sub random_uniform_integer { 738: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$low,$high) = @_; 739: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 740: my @retArray; 741: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 742: @retArray=&math_random_uniform_integer($item_cnt,$low,$high); 743: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 744: return @retArray; 745: } 746: 747: sub random_binomial { 748: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$nt,$p) = @_; 749: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 750: my @retArray; 751: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 752: @retArray=&math_random_binomial($item_cnt,$nt,$p); 753: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 754: return @retArray; 755: } 756: 757: sub random_negative_binomial { 758: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$ne,$p) = @_; 759: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 760: my @retArray; 761: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed); 762: @retArray=&math_random_negative_binomial($item_cnt,$ne,$p); 763: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 764: return @retArray; 765: } 766: 767: sub abs { CORE::abs(shift) } 768: sub sin { CORE::sin(shift) } 769: sub cos { CORE::cos(shift) } 770: sub exp { CORE::exp(shift) } 771: sub int { CORE::int(shift) } 772: sub log { CORE::log(shift) } 773: sub atan2 { CORE::atan2($_[0],$_[1]) } 774: sub sqrt { CORE::sqrt(shift) } 775: 776: sub tan { CORE::sin($_[0]) / CORE::cos($_[0]) } 777: #sub atan { atan2($_[0], 1); } 778: #sub acos { atan2(sqrt(1 - $_[0] * $_[0]), $_[0] ); } 779: #sub asin { atan2($_[0], sqrt(1- $_[0] * $_[0]) ); } 780: 781: sub log10 { CORE::log($_[0])/CORE::log(10); } 782: 783: sub factorial { 784: my $input = CORE::int(shift); 785: return "Error - unable to take factorial of an negative number ($input)" if $input < 0; 786: return "Error - factorial result is greater than system limit ($input)" if $input > 170; 787: return 1 if $input == 0; 788: my $result = 1; 789: for (my $i=2; $i<=$input; $i++) { $result *= $i } 790: return $result; 791: } 792: 793: sub sgn { 794: return -1 if $_[0] < 0; 795: return 0 if $_[0] == 0; 796: return 1 if $_[0] > 0; 797: } 798: 799: sub min { 800: my @sorted = sort { $a <=> $b || $a cmp $b } @_; 801: return shift @sorted; 802: } 803: 804: sub max { 805: my @sorted = sort { $a <=> $b || $a cmp $b } @_; 806: return pop @sorted; 807: } 808: 809: sub roundto { 810: my ($input,$n) = @_; 811: return sprintf('%.'.$n.'f',$input); 812: } 813: 814: sub to_string { 815: my ($input,$n) = @_; 816: return sprintf($input) if $n eq ""; 817: $n = '.'.$n if $n !~ /^\./; 818: return sprintf('%'.$n,$input) if $n ne ""; 819: } 820: 821: sub sub_string { 822: my ($str,$start,$len) = @_; 823: return substr($str,$start-1,$len); 824: } 825: 826: sub pow {return $_[0] ** $_[1]; } 827: sub ceil {return (($_[0]-CORE::int($_[0]))== 0.0) ? $_[0] : (($_[0] > 0) ? (CORE::int($_[0])+ 1) : CORE::int($_[0])); } 828: sub floor {return (($_[0]-CORE::int($_[0]))== 0.0) ? $_[0] : (($_[0] > 0) ? CORE::int($_[0]) : (CORE::int($_[0])-1)); } 829: #sub floor {return int($_[0]); } 830: 831: sub format { 832: my ($value,$fmt)=@_; 833: my ($dollarmode,$commamode,$alwaysperiod,$options); 834: if ($fmt =~ /^([^\d]*)(.*)/) { $options=$1; $fmt=$2; } 835: #if ($options =~ /\$/) { $dollamode=1; } 836: #if ($options =~ /,/) { $commamode=1; } 837: if ($options =~ /\./) { $alwaysperiod=1; } 838: my $result; 839: if ($fmt=~/s$/i) { 840: $result=&format_significant_figures($value,$fmt); 841: } else { 842: $fmt=~s/e/E/g; 843: $result=sprintf('%.'.$fmt,$value); 844: if ($alwaysperiod && $fmt eq '0f') { $result .='.'; } 845: $result=~s/(E[+-]*)0/$1/; 846: } 847: #if ($dollarmode) {$result=&dollarformat($result);} 848: #if ($commamode) {$result=&commaformat($result);} 849: return $result; 850: } 851: 852: sub chemparse { 853: my ($reaction) = @_; 854: my @tokens = split(/(\s\+|\->|<=>|<\-|\.)/,$reaction); 855: my $formula = ''; 856: foreach my $token (@tokens) { 857: if ($token eq '->' ) { 858: $formula .= '<m>\ensuremath{\rightarrow}</m> '; 859: next; 860: } 861: if ($token eq '<-' ) { 862: $formula .= '<m>\ensuremath{\leftarrow}</m> '; 863: next; 864: } 865: if ($token eq '<=>') { 866: if ($external::target eq 'web' && 867: &EXT('request.browser.unicode')) { 868: $formula .= '⇌ '; 869: } else { 870: $formula .= &web('<=> ','<m>\ensuremath{\rightleftharpoons}</m> ', 871: '<=> '); 872: } 873: next; 874: } 875: if ($token eq '.') { 876: $formula =~ s/(\&nbsp\;| )$//; 877: $formula .= '·'; 878: next; 879: } 880: $token =~ /^\s*([\d|\/]*(?:&frac\d\d)?)(.*)/; 881: $formula .= $1 if ($1 ne '1'); # stoichiometric coefficient 882: 883: my $molecule = $2; 884: # subscripts 885: $molecule =~ s|(?<=[a-zA-Z\)\]\s])(\d+)|$1|g; 886: # superscripts 887: $molecule =~ s|\^(\d*[+\-]*)|$1|g; 888: # strip whitespace 889: $molecule =~ s/\s*//g; 890: # forced space 891: $molecule =~ s/_/ /g; 892: $molecule =~ s/-/−/g; 893: $formula .= $molecule.' '; 894: } 895: # get rid of trailing space 896: $formula =~ s/(\&nbsp\;| )$//; 897: return &xmlparse($formula); 898: } 899: 900: sub prettyprint { 901: my ($value,$fmt,$target)=@_; 902: my $result; 903: if (!$target) { $target = $external::target; } 904: if ($fmt =~ /chem/i) { return(&chemparse($value)); } 905: my ($dollarmode,$commamode,$alwaysperiod,$options); 906: if ($fmt =~ /^([^\d]*)(.*)/) { $options=$1; $fmt=$2; } 907: if ($options =~ /\$/) { $dollarmode=1; } 908: if ($options =~ /,/) { $commamode=1; } 909: if ($options =~ /\./) { $alwaysperiod=1; } 910: if ($fmt=~/s$/i) { 911: $value=&format_significant_figures($value,$fmt); 912: } elsif ($fmt) { 913: $value=sprintf('%.'.$fmt,$value); 914: } 915: if ($alwaysperiod && $fmt eq '0f') { 916: if ($target eq 'tex') { 917: $value .='\\ensuremath{.}'; 918: } else { 919: $value .='.'; 920: } 921: } 922: if ($value =~ /([0-9\.\-\+]+)E([0-9\-\+]+)/i ) { 923: my $frac=$1; 924: if ($dollarmode) { $frac=&dollarformat($frac); } 925: if ($commamode) { $frac=&commaformat($frac); } 926: my $exponent=$2; 927: $exponent=~s/^\+0*//; 928: $exponent=~s/^-0*/-/; 929: $exponent=~s/^-0*/-/; 930: if ($exponent eq '-') { undef($exponent); } 931: if ($exponent) { 932: if ($target eq 'web') { 933: $result=$frac.'×10'.$exponent.''; 934: } elsif ($target eq 'tex') { 935: $result='\ensuremath{'.$frac.'\times 10^{'.$exponent.'}}'; 936: } else { 937: $result=$value; 938: } 939: } else { 940: $result=$frac; 941: } 942: } else { 943: $result=$value; 944: if ($dollarmode) { $result=&dollarformat($result,$target); } 945: elsif ($commamode) { $result=&commaformat($result,$target); } 946: } 947: return $result; 948: } 949: 950: sub commaformat { 951: my ($number,$target) = @_; 952: if ($number =~ /\./) { 953: while ($number =~ /([^0-9]*)([0-9]+)([^\.,][^\.,][^\.,])([,0-9]*\.[0-9]*)$/) { 954: $number = $1.$2.','.$3.$4; 955: } 956: } else { 957: while ($number =~ /^([^0-9]*)([0-9]+)([^,][^,][^,])([,0-9]*)$/) { 958: $number = $1.$2.','.$3.$4; 959: } 960: } 961: return $number; 962: } 963: 964: sub dollarformat { 965: my ($number,$target) = @_; 966: if (!$target) { $target = $external::target; } 967: $number=&commaformat($number,$target); 968: if ($target eq 'tex') { 969: $number='\$'.$number; #' stupid emacs 970: } else { 971: $number='$'.$number; #' stupid emacs 972: } 973: return $number; 974: } 975: 976: # format of form ns or nS where n is an integer 977: sub format_significant_figures { 978: my ($number,$format) = @_; 979: return '0' if ($number == 0); 980: # extract number of significant figures needed 981: my ($sig) = ($format =~ /(\d+)s/i); 982: # arbitrary choice - suggestions ?? or throw error message? 983: $sig = 3 if ($sig eq ''); 984: # save the minus sign 985: my $sign = ($number < 0) ? '-' : ''; 986: $number = abs($number); 987: # needed to correct for a number greater than 1 (or 988: my $power = ($number < 1) ? 0 : 1; 989: # could round up. Take the integer part of log10. 990: my $x10 = int(log($number)/log(10)); 991: # find number with values left of decimal pt = # of sign figs. 992: my $xsig = $number*10**($sig-$x10-$power); 993: # get just digits left of decimal pt - also rounds off correctly 994: my $xint = sprintf('%.0f',$xsig); 995: # save any trailing zero's 996: my ($zeros) = ($xint =~ /(0+)$/); 997: # return number to original magnitude 998: my $numSig = $xint*10**($x10-$sig+$power); 999: # insert trailing zero's if have decimal point 1000: $numSig =~ s/^(\d+)\.(\d+)(\e?(.*)?)$/$1\.$2$zeros$3/; 1001: # put a decimal pt for number ending with 0 and length = # of sig fig 1002: $numSig.='.' if (length($numSig) == $sig && $numSig =~ /0$/); 1003: if (length($numSig) < $sig) { 1004: $numSig.='.'.substr($zeros,0,($sig-length($numSig))); 1005: } 1006: # return number with sign 1007: return $sign.$numSig; 1008: 1009: } 1010: 1011: sub map { 1012: my ($phrase,$dest,$source)=@_; 1013: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 1014: my @seed = &random_seed_from_phrase($phrase); 1015: &random_set_seed(@seed); 1016: my $destct = scalar(@$dest); 1017: if (!$source) { 1018: my @output; 1019: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($destct); 1020: my $ctr = 0; 1021: while ($ctr < $destct) { 1022: $output[$ctr] = $$dest[$idx[$ctr]]; 1023: $ctr++; 1024: } 1025: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 1026: return @output; 1027: } else { 1028: my $num = scalar(@$source); 1029: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($num); 1030: my $ctr = 0; 1031: my $tot = $num; 1032: $tot = $destct if $destct < $num; 1033: if (ref($$dest[0])) { 1034: while ($ctr < $tot) { 1035: ${$$dest[$ctr]} = $$source[$idx[$ctr]]; 1036: $ctr++; 1037: } 1038: } else { 1039: while ($ctr < $tot) { 1040: $$dest[$ctr] = $$source[$idx[$ctr]]; 1041: $ctr++; 1042: } 1043: } 1044: } 1045: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 1046: return ''; 1047: } 1048: 1049: sub rmap { 1050: my ($phrase,$dest,$source)=@_; 1051: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed(); 1052: my @seed = &random_seed_from_phrase($phrase); 1053: &random_set_seed(@seed); 1054: my $destct = scalar(@$dest); 1055: if (!$source) { 1056: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($destct); 1057: my $ctr = 0; 1058: my @r_idx; 1059: while ($ctr < $destct) { 1060: $r_idx[$idx[$ctr]] = $ctr; 1061: $ctr++; 1062: } 1063: my @output; 1064: $ctr = 0; 1065: while ($ctr < $destct) { 1066: $output[$ctr] = $$dest[$r_idx[$ctr]]; 1067: $ctr++; 1068: } 1069: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 1070: return @output; 1071: } else { 1072: my $num = scalar(@$source); 1073: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($num); 1074: my $ctr = 0; 1075: my $tot = $num; 1076: $tot = $destct if $destct < $num; 1077: my @r_idx; 1078: while ($ctr < $tot) { 1079: $r_idx[$idx[$ctr]] = $ctr; 1080: $ctr++; 1081: } 1082: $ctr = 0; 1083: if (ref($$dest[0])) { 1084: while ($ctr < $tot) { 1085: ${$$dest[$ctr]} = $$source[$r_idx[$ctr]]; 1086: $ctr++; 1087: } 1088: } else { 1089: while ($ctr < $tot) { 1090: $$dest[$ctr] = $$source[$r_idx[$ctr]]; 1091: $ctr++; 1092: } 1093: } 1094: } 1095: &random_set_seed(@oldseed); 1096: return ''; 1097: } 1098: 1099: sub capa_id { return } 1100: 1101: sub problem { return } 1102: 1103: sub name{ 1104: my $fullname = &EXT('environment.lastname').', '.&EXT('environment.firstname').' '.&EXT('environment.middlename'); 1105: $fullname = "" if $fullname eq ", "; 1106: $fullname =~ s/\%2d/-/g; 1107: return $fullname; 1108: } 1109: 1110: sub student_number { 1111: my $id = &EXT('environment.id'); 1112: $id = '' if $id eq ""; 1113: return $id; 1114: } 1115: 1116: sub class { 1117: my $course = &EXT('course.description'); 1118: $course = '' if $course eq ""; 1119: return $course; 1120: } 1121: 1122: sub firstname { 1123: my $firstname = &EXT('environment.firstname'); 1124: $firstname = '' if $firstname eq ""; 1125: return $firstname; 1126: } 1127: 1128: sub lastname { 1129: my $lastname = &EXT('environment.lastname'); 1130: $lastname = '' if $lastname eq ""; 1131: return $lastname; 1132: } 1133: 1134: sub sec { 1135: my $sec = &EXT('request.course.sec'); 1136: $sec = '' if $sec eq ""; 1137: return $sec; 1138: } 1139: 1140: sub submission { 1141: my ($partid,$responseid,$subnumber)=@_; 1142: my $sub=''; 1143: if ($subnumber) { $sub=$subnumber.':'; } 1144: return &EXT('user.resource.'.$sub.'resource.'.$partid.'.'.$responseid.'.submission'); 1145: } 1146: 1147: sub currentpart { 1148: return $external::part; 1149: } 1150: 1151: sub eval_time { 1152: my ($timestamp)=@_; 1153: unless ($timestamp) { return ''; } 1154: return &locallocaltime($timestamp); 1155: } 1156: 1157: sub open_date { 1158: my ($partid)=@_; 1159: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; } 1160: return &eval_time(&EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.opendate')); 1161: } 1162: 1163: sub due_date { 1164: my ($partid)=@_; 1165: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; } 1166: return &eval_time(&EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.duedate')); 1167: } 1168: 1169: sub answer_date { 1170: my ($partid)=@_; 1171: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; } 1172: return &eval_time(&EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.answerdate')); 1173: } 1174: 1175: sub open_date_epoch { 1176: my ($partid)=@_; 1177: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; } 1178: return &EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.opendate'); 1179: } 1180: 1181: sub due_date_epoch { 1182: my ($partid)=@_; 1183: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; } 1184: return &EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.duedate'); 1185: } 1186: 1187: sub answer_date_epoch { 1188: my ($partid)=@_; 1189: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; } 1190: return &EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.answerdate'); 1191: } 1192: 1193: sub array_moments { 1194: my @input=@_; 1195: my (@output,$N); 1196: $N=scalar (@input); 1197: $output[0]=$N; 1198: if ($N <= 1) { 1199: $output[1]=$input[0]; 1200: $output[1]="Input array not defined" if ($N == 0); 1201: $output[2]="variance undefined for N<=1"; 1202: $output[3]="skewness undefined for N<=1"; 1203: $output[4]="kurtosis undefined for N<=1"; 1204: return @output; 1205: } 1206: my $sum=0; 1207: foreach my $line (@input) { 1208: $sum+=$line; 1209: } 1210: $output[1] = $sum/$N; 1211: my ($x,$sdev,$var,$skew,$kurt) = 0; 1212: foreach my $line (@input) { 1213: $x=$line-$output[1]; 1214: $var+=$x**2; 1215: $skew+=$x**3; 1216: $kurt+=$x**4; 1217: } 1218: $output[2]=$var/($N-1); 1219: $sdev=CORE::sqrt($output[2]); 1220: if ($sdev == 0) { 1221: $output[3]="inf-variance=0"; 1222: $output[4]="inf-variance=0"; 1223: return @output; 1224: } 1225: $output[3]=$skew/($sdev**3*$N); 1226: $output[4]=$kurt/($sdev**4*$N)-3; 1227: return @output; 1228: } 1229: 1230: sub choose { 1231: my $num = $_[0]; 1232: return $_[$num]; 1233: } 1234: 1235: #&sum1(1,$x,sub { &sum1($_[0],2*$_[0], sub { fact($_[0])**2 })}); 1236: #sub sum1 { 1237: # my ($start,$end,$sub)=@_; 1238: # my $sum=0; 1239: # for (my $i=$start;$i<=$end;$i++) { 1240: # $sum+=&$sub($i); 1241: # } 1242: # return $sum 1243: #} 1244: 1245: #&sum2('a',1,$x,'&sum2(\'b\',$a,2*$a, \'&factorial($b)**2\')'); 1246: #sub sum2 { 1247: # my ($varname,$start,$end,$line)=@_; 1248: # my $sum=0; 1249: # for (my $i=$start;$i<=$end;$i++) { 1250: # my $func=sub { 1251: # eval("\$".$varname."=$i"); 1252: # eval($line); 1253: # }; 1254: # $sum+=&$func($i); 1255: # } 1256: # return $sum 1257: #} 1258: 1259: # expiremental idea 1260: sub proper_path { 1261: my ($path)=@_; 1262: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) { 1263: return '/home/httpd/html'.$path; 1264: } else { 1265: return $path; 1266: } 1267: } 1268: