1: # The LearningOnline Network with CAPA
2: # used by lonxml::xmlparse() as input variable $safeinit to Apache::run::run()
3: #
4: # $Id: default_homework.lcpm,v 1.106 2005/12/20 20:00:42 albertel Exp $
5: #
6: # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
7: #
8: # This file is part of the LearningOnline Network with CAPA (LON-CAPA).
9: #
10: # LON-CAPA is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11: # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12: # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
13: # (at your option) any later version.
14: #
15: # LON-CAPA is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16: # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17: # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
18: # GNU General Public License for more details.
19: #
20: # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21: # along with LON-CAPA; if not, write to the Free Software
22: # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
23: #
24: # /home/httpd/html/adm/gpl.txt
25: #
26: # http://www.lon-capa.org/
27: #
28: #
29:
30: #init some globals
31: $hidden::RANDOMINIT=0;
32: $pi=atan2(1,1)*4;
33: $rad2deg=180.0/$pi;
34: $deg2rad=$pi/180.0;
35: $"=' ';
36:
37: sub check_commas {
38: my ($response)=@_;
39: #print("$response ");
40: my @numbers=split(',',$response);
41: #print(" numbers ".join('-',@numbers)." ");
42: if (scalar(@numbers) > 1) {
43: #print(" numbers[0] ".$numbers[0]." ");
44: if (length($numbers[0]) > 3 || length($numbers[0]) == 0) { return -1; }
45: shift(@numbers);
46: #print(" numbers ".scalar(@numbers)." ");
47: while (scalar(@numbers) > 1) {
48: #print(" numbers ".join('-',@numbers)." ");
49: if (length($numbers[0]) != 3) { return -2; }
50: shift(@numbers);
51: }
52: my ($number)=split('\.',$numbers[0]);
53: #print(" number ".$number." ");
54: #print(" numbers[0] ".$numbers[0]." ");
55: if (length($number) != 3) { return -3; }
56: } else {
57: my ($number)=split('\.',$numbers[0]);
58: if (length($number) > 3) { return -4; }
59: }
60: return 1;
61: }
62:
63: sub caparesponse_check {
64: my ($answer,$response)=@_;
65: #not properly used yet: calc
66: #not to be used: $ans_fmt
67: my $type=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'type'};
68: my $tol=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'tol'};
69: my $sig=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'sig'};
70: my $ans_fmt=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'format'};
71: my $unit=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'unit'};
72: my $calc=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'calc'};
73: my $samples=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'samples'};
74:
75: my $tol_type=''; # gets it's value from whether tol has a % or not done
76: my $sig_lbound=''; #done
77: my $sig_ubound=''; #done
78:
79:
80: #type's definitons come from capaParser.h
81: my $message='';
82: #remove leading and trailing whitespace
83: if (!defined($response)) {
84: $response='';
85: }
86: if ($response=~ /^\s|\s$/) {
87: $response=~ s:^\s+|\s+$::g;
88: $message .="Removed ws now :$response:\n";
89: } else {
90: $message .="no ws in :$response:\n";
91: }
92: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG(" type is $type ");
93: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') {
94: #for string answers make surec all places spaces occur, there is
95: #really only 1 space, in both the answer and the response
96: $answer=~s/ +/ /g;
97: $response=~s/ +/ /g;
98: } elsif ($type eq 'mc') {
99: $answer=~s/[\s,]//g;
100: $response=~s/[\s,]//g;
101: }
102: if ($type eq 'float' && $unit=~/\$/) {
103: if ($response!~/^\$/) { return "NO_UNIT: Missing \$ "; }
104: $response=~s/\$//g;
105: }
106: if ($type eq 'float' && $unit=~/\,/ && (&check_commas($response)<0)) {
107: return "COMMA_FAIL:";
108: }
109: $ans_fmt=~s/\W//g;
110: $unit=~s/[\$,]//g;
111: if ($type eq 'float') { $response=~s/,//g; }
112:
113: if (length($response) > 500) { return "TOO_LONG: Answer too long"; }
114:
115: if ($type eq '' ) {
116: $message .= "Didn't find a type :$type: defaulting\n";
117: if ( $answer eq ($answer *1.0)) { $type = 2;
118: } else { $type = 3; }
119: } else {
120: if ($type eq 'cs') { $type = 4; }
121: elsif ($type eq 'ci') { $type = 3 }
122: elsif ($type eq 'mc') { $type = 5; }
123: elsif ($type eq 'fml') { $type = 8; }
124: elsif ($type eq 'subj') { $type = 7; }
125: elsif ($type eq 'float') { $type = 2; }
126: elsif ($type eq 'int') { $type = 1; }
127: else { return "ERROR: Unknown type of answer: $type" }
128: }
129:
130: my $points;
131: my $id_list;
132: #formula type setup the sample points
133: if ($type eq '8') {
134: ($id_list,$points)=split(/@/,$samples);
135: $message.="Found :$id_list:$points: points in $samples\n";
136: }
137: if ($tol eq '') {
138: $tol=0.0;
139: $tol_type=1; #TOL_ABSOLUTE
140: } else {
141: if ($tol =~ /%$/) {
142: chop $tol;
143: $tol_type=2; #TOL_PERCENTAGE
144: } else {
145: $tol_type=1; #TOL_ABSOLUTE
146: }
147: }
148:
149: ($sig_ubound,$sig_lbound)=&LONCAPA_INTERNAL_get_sigrange($sig);
150:
151: my $reterror="";
152: my $result = &caparesponse_capa_check_answer($response,$answer,$type,
153: $tol_type,$tol,
154: $sig_lbound,$sig_ubound,
155: $ans_fmt,$unit,$calc,$id_list,
156: $points,$external::randomseed,
157: \$reterror);
158:
159: if ($result == '1') { $result='EXACT_ANS'; }
160: elsif ($result == '2') { $result='APPROX_ANS'; }
161: elsif ($result == '3') { $result='SIG_FAIL'; }
162: elsif ($result == '4') { $result='UNIT_FAIL'; }
163: elsif ($result == '5') { $result='NO_UNIT'; }
164: elsif ($result == '6') { $result='UNIT_OK'; }
165: elsif ($result == '7') { $result='INCORRECT'; }
166: elsif ($result == '8') { $result='UNIT_NOTNEEDED'; }
167: elsif ($result == '9') { $result='ANS_CNT_NOT_MATCH'; }
168: elsif ($result =='10') { $result='SUB_RECORDED'; }
169: elsif ($result =='11') { $result='BAD_FORMULA'; }
170: elsif ($result =='12' && !$response) { $result='MISSING_ANSWER'; }
171: elsif ($result =='12') { $result='WANTED_NUMERIC'; }
172: elsif ($result =='13') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_INSTRUCTOR'; }
173: elsif ($result =='141') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; }
174: elsif ($result =='142') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; }
175: elsif ($result =='143') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; }
176: elsif ($result =='15') { $result='UNIT_IRRECONCIBLE'; }
177: else {$result = "ERROR: Unknown Result:$result:$@:";}
178:
179: return ("$result:\nRetError $reterror:\nAnswer $answer:\nResponse $response:\n type-$type|$tol|$tol_type|$sig:$sig_lbound:$sig_ubound|$unit|\n$message",$reterror);
180: }
181:
182:
183: sub caparesponse_check_list {
184: my $response=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'response'};
185: my $result="Got response :".join(':',@LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer).":\n";
186: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("args ".join(':',%LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args));
187: my @responselist;
188: my $type = $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'type'};
189: $result.="Got type :$type:\n";
190: if ($type ne '' && $#LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer > 0) {
191: (@responselist)=split(/,/,$response);
192: if (@responselist < @LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer) {
193: return 'MISSING_ANSWER';
194: }
195: if (@responselist > @LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer) {
196: return 'EXTRA_ANSWER';
197: }
198: } else {
199: (@responselist)=($response);
200: }
201: $result.="Initial final response :$responselist['-1']:\n";
202: my $unit;
203: if ($type eq '' || $type eq 'float') {
204: #for numerical problems split off the unit
205: if ( $responselist['-1']=~ /(.*[^\s])\s+([^\s]+)/ ) {
206: $responselist['-1']=$1;
207: $unit=$2;
208: }
209: }
210: $result.="Final final response :$responselist['-1']:$unit:\n";
211: $unit=~s/\s//;
212:
213: my ($awards, @msgs, $i);
214: foreach my $thisanswer (@LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer) {
215: my ($msg,$aresult);
216: $result.="trying answer :$thisanswer:\n";
217: if (defined($thisanswer)) {
218: if ($unit eq '') {
219: ($aresult,$msg)=&caparesponse_check($thisanswer,
220: $responselist[$i]);
221: } else {
222: ($aresult,$msg)=&caparesponse_check($thisanswer,
223: $responselist[$i]." $unit");
224: }
225: } else {
226: $aresult='ERROR';
227: $msg='answer was undefined';
228: }
229: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("after if $aresult -- $msg");
230: my ($temp)=split(/:/, $aresult);
231: $awards.="$temp,";
232: $result.=$aresult;
233: push(@msgs,$msg);
234: $i++;
235: }
236: chop($awards);
237: return ("$awards:\n$result",@msgs);
238: }
239:
240: sub tex {
241: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
242: return $_[0];
243: } else {
244: return $_[1];
245: }
246: }
247:
248: sub var_in_tex {
249: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
250: return $_[0];
251: } else {
252: return "";
253: }
254: }
255:
256: sub web {
257: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
258: return $_[1];
259: } else {
260: if ( $external::target eq "web" || $external::target eq "answer") {
261: return $_[2];
262: } else {
263: return $_[0];
264: }
265: }
266: }
267:
268: sub html {
269: if ( $external::target eq "web" ) {
270: return shift;
271: }
272: }
273:
274: sub hinton {
275: return 0;
276: }
277:
278: sub random {
279: my ($start,$end,$step)=@_;
280: if ( ! $hidden::RANDOMINIT ) {
281: if ($external::randomseed == 0) { $external::randomseed=1; }
282: if ($external::randomseed =~/,/) {
283: my ($num1,$num2)=split(/,/,$external::randomseed);
284: &random_set_seed(1,abs($num1));
285: } elsif ($external::randomseed =~/:/) {
286: my ($num1,$num2)=split(/:/,$external::randomseed);
287: &random_set_seed(abs($num1),abs($num2));
288: } else {
289: &random_set_seed(1,int(abs($external::randomseed)));
290: }
291: &math_random_uniform();
292: $hidden::RANDOMINIT=1;
293: }
294: if (!defined($step)) { $step=1; }
295: my $num=1+int(($end-$start)/$step);
296: my $result=$start + int(&math_random_uniform() * $num)*$step;
297: return $result;
298: }
299:
300: sub random_normal {
301: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$av,$std_dev) = @_;
302: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
303: my @retArray;
304: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
305: @retArray=&math_random_normal($item_cnt,$av,$std_dev);
306: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
307: return @retArray;
308: }
309:
310: sub random_beta {
311: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$aa,$bb) = @_;
312: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
313: my @retArray;
314: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
315: @retArray=&math_random_beta($item_cnt,$aa,$bb);
316: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
317: return @retArray;
318: }
319:
320: sub random_gamma {
321: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$a,$r) = @_;
322: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
323: my @retArray;
324: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
325: @retArray=&math_random_gamma($item_cnt,$a,$r);
326: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
327: return @retArray;
328: }
329:
330: sub random_exponential {
331: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$av) = @_;
332: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
333: my @retArray;
334: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
335: @retArray=&math_random_exponential($item_cnt,$av);
336: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
337: return @retArray;
338: }
339:
340: sub random_poisson {
341: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$mu) = @_;
342: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
343: my @retArray;
344: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
345: @retArray=&math_random_poisson($item_cnt,$mu);
346: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
347: return @retArray;
348: }
349:
350: sub random_chi {
351: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$df) = @_;
352: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
353: my @retArray;
354: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
355: @retArray=&math_random_chi_square($item_cnt,$df);
356: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
357: return @retArray;
358: }
359:
360: sub random_noncentral_chi {
361: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$df,$nonc) = @_;
362: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
363: my @retArray;
364: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
365: @retArray=&math_random_noncentral_chi_square($item_cnt,$df,$nonc);
366: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
367: return @retArray;
368: }
369:
370: sub random_f {
371: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$dfn,$dfd) = @_;
372: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
373: my @retArray;
374: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
375: @retArray=&math_random_f($item_cnt,$dfn,$dfd);
376: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
377: return @retArray;
378: }
379:
380: sub random_noncentral_f {
381: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$dfn,$dfd,$nonc) = @_;
382: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
383: my @retArray;
384: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
385: @retArray=&math_random_noncentral_f($item_cnt,$dfn,$dfd,$nonc);
386: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
387: return @retArray;
388: }
389:
390: sub random_multivariate_normal {
391: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$mean,$covar) = @_;
392: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
393: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
394: my @retArray=&math_random_multivariate_normal($item_cnt,@$mean,@$covar);
395: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
396: return @retArray;
397: }
398:
399: sub random_multinomial {
400: my ($item_cnt,$seed,@p) = @_;
401: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
402: my @retArray;
403: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
404: my @retArray=&math_random_multinomial($item_cnt,@p);
405: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
406: return @retArray;
407: }
408:
409: sub random_permutation {
410: my ($seed,@inArray) = @_;
411: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
412: my @retArray;
413: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
414: @retArray=&math_random_permutation(@inArray);
415: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
416: return @retArray;
417: }
418:
419: sub random_uniform {
420: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$low,$high) = @_;
421: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
422: my @retArray;
423: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
424: @retArray=&math_random_uniform($item_cnt,$low,$high);
425: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
426: return @retArray;
427: }
428:
429: sub random_uniform_integer {
430: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$low,$high) = @_;
431: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
432: my @retArray;
433: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
434: @retArray=&math_random_uniform_integer($item_cnt,$low,$high);
435: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
436: return @retArray;
437: }
438:
439: sub random_binomial {
440: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$nt,$p) = @_;
441: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
442: my @retArray;
443: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
444: @retArray=&math_random_binomial($item_cnt,$nt,$p);
445: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
446: return @retArray;
447: }
448:
449: sub random_negative_binomial {
450: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$ne,$p) = @_;
451: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
452: my @retArray;
453: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
454: @retArray=&math_random_negative_binomial($item_cnt,$ne,$p);
455: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
456: return @retArray;
457: }
458:
459: sub abs { CORE::abs(shift) }
460: sub sin { CORE::sin(shift) }
461: sub cos { CORE::cos(shift) }
462: sub exp { CORE::exp(shift) }
463: sub int { CORE::int(shift) }
464: sub log { CORE::log(shift) }
465: sub atan2 { CORE::atan2($_[0],$_[1]) }
466: sub sqrt { CORE::sqrt(shift) }
467:
468: sub tan { CORE::sin($_[0]) / CORE::cos($_[0]) }
469: #sub atan { atan2($_[0], 1); }
470: #sub acos { atan2(sqrt(1 - $_[0] * $_[0]), $_[0] ); }
471: #sub asin { atan2($_[0], sqrt(1- $_[0] * $_[0]) ); }
472:
473: sub log10 { CORE::log($_[0])/CORE::log(10); }
474:
475: sub factorial {
476: my $input = CORE::int(shift);
477: return "Error - unable to take factorial of an negative number ($input)" if $input < 0;
478: return "Error - factorial result is greater than system limit ($input)" if $input > 170;
479: return 1 if $input == 0;
480: my $result = 1;
481: for (my $i=2; $i<=$input; $i++) { $result *= $i }
482: return $result;
483: }
484:
485: sub sgn {
486: return -1 if $_[0] < 0;
487: return 0 if $_[0] == 0;
488: return 1 if $_[0] > 0;
489: }
490:
491: sub min {
492: my @sorted = sort { $a <=> $b || $a cmp $b } @_;
493: return shift @sorted;
494: }
495:
496: sub max {
497: my @sorted = sort { $a <=> $b || $a cmp $b } @_;
498: return pop @sorted;
499: }
500:
501: sub roundto {
502: my ($input,$n) = @_;
503: return sprintf('%.'.$n.'f',$input);
504: }
505:
506: sub to_string {
507: my ($input,$n) = @_;
508: return sprintf($input) if $n eq "";
509: $n = '.'.$n if $n !~ /^\./;
510: return sprintf('%'.$n,$input) if $n ne "";
511: }
512:
513: sub sub_string {
514: my ($str,$start,$len) = @_;
515: return substr($str,$start-1,$len);
516: }
517:
518: sub pow {return $_[0] ** $_[1]; }
519: sub ceil {return (($_[0]-CORE::int($_[0]))== 0.0) ? $_[0] : (($_[0] > 0) ? (CORE::int($_[0])+ 1) : CORE::int($_[0])); }
520: sub floor {return (($_[0]-CORE::int($_[0]))== 0.0) ? $_[0] : (($_[0] > 0) ? CORE::int($_[0]) : (CORE::int($_[0])-1)); }
521: #sub floor {return int($_[0]); }
522:
523: sub format {
524: my ($value,$fmt)=@_;
525: my ($dollarmode,$commamode,$alwaysperiod,$options);
526: if ($fmt =~ /^([^\d]*)(.*)/) { $options=$1; $fmt=$2; }
527: #if ($options =~ /\$/) { $dollamode=1; }
528: #if ($options =~ /,/) { $commamode=1; }
529: if ($options =~ /\./) { $alwaysperiod=1; }
530: my $result;
531: if ($fmt=~/s$/i) {
532: $result=&format_significant_figures($value,$fmt);
533: } else {
534: $fmt=~s/e/E/g;
535: $result=sprintf('%.'.$fmt,$value);
536: if ($alwaysperiod && $fmt eq '0f') { $result .='.'; }
537: $result=~s/(E[+-]*)0/$1/;
538: }
539: #if ($dollarmode) {$result=&dollarformat($result);}
540: #if ($commamode) {$result=&commaformat($result);}
541: return $result;
542: }
543:
544: sub chemparse {
545: my ($reaction) = @_;
546: my @tokens = split(/(\s\+|\->|<=>|<\-|\.)/,$reaction);
547: my $formula = '';
548: foreach my $token (@tokens) {
549: if ($token eq '->' ) {
550: $formula .= '<m>\ensuremath{\rightarrow}</m> ';
551: next;
552: }
553: if ($token eq '<-' ) {
554: $formula .= '<m>\ensuremath{\leftarrow}</m> ';
555: next;
556: }
557: if ($token eq '<=>') {
558: if ($external::target eq 'web' &&
559: &EXT('request.browser.unicode')) {
560: $formula .= '⇌ ';
561: } else {
562: $formula .= &web('<=> ','<m>\ensuremath{\rightleftharpoons}</m> ',
563: '<=> ');
564: }
565: next;
566: }
567: if ($token eq '.') {
568: $formula =~ s/(\ \;| )$//;
569: $formula .= '·';
570: next;
571: }
572: $token =~ /^\s*([\d|\/]*(?:&frac\d\d)?)(.*)/;
573: $formula .= $1 if ($1 ne '1'); # stoichiometric coefficient
574:
575: my $molecule = $2;
576: # subscripts
577: $molecule =~ s|(?<=[a-zA-Z\)\]\s])(\d+)|<sub>$1</sub>|g;
578: # superscripts
579: $molecule =~ s|\^(\d*[+\-]*)|<sup>$1</sup>|g;
580: # strip whitespace
581: $molecule =~ s/\s*//g;
582: # forced space
583: $molecule =~ s/_/ /g;
584: $molecule =~ s/-/−/g;
585: $formula .= $molecule.' ';
586: }
587: # get rid of trailing space
588: $formula =~ s/(\ \;| )$//;
589: return &xmlparse($formula);
590: }
591:
592: sub prettyprint {
593: my ($value,$fmt,$target)=@_;
594: my $result;
595: if (!$target) { $target = $external::target; }
596: if ($fmt =~ /chem/i) { return(&chemparse($value)); }
597: my ($dollarmode,$commamode,$alwaysperiod,$options);
598: if ($fmt =~ /^([^\d]*)(.*)/) { $options=$1; $fmt=$2; }
599: if ($options =~ /\$/) { $dollarmode=1; }
600: if ($options =~ /,/) { $commamode=1; }
601: if ($options =~ /\./) { $alwaysperiod=1; }
602: if ($fmt=~/s$/i) {
603: $value=&format_significant_figures($value,$fmt);
604: } elsif ($fmt) {
605: $value=sprintf('%.'.$fmt,$value);
606: }
607: if ($alwaysperiod && $fmt eq '0f') {
608: if ($target eq 'tex') {
609: $value .='\\ensuremath{.}';
610: } else {
611: $value .='.';
612: }
613: }
614: if ($value =~ /([0-9\.\-\+]+)E([0-9\-\+]+)/i ) {
615: my $frac=$1;
616: if ($dollarmode) { $frac=&dollarformat($frac); }
617: if ($commamode) { $frac=&commaformat($frac); }
618: my $exponent=$2;
619: $exponent=~s/^\+0*//;
620: $exponent=~s/^-0*/-/;
621: $exponent=~s/^-0*/-/;
622: if ($exponent eq '-') { undef($exponent); }
623: if ($exponent) {
624: if ($target eq 'web') {
625: $result=$frac.'×10<sup>'.$exponent.'</sup>';
626: } elsif ($target eq 'tex') {
627: $result='\ensuremath{'.$frac.'\times 10^{'.$exponent.'}}';
628: } else {
629: $result=$value;
630: }
631: } else {
632: $result=$frac;
633: }
634: } else {
635: $result=$value;
636: if ($dollarmode) { $result=&dollarformat($result,$target); }
637: elsif ($commamode) { $result=&commaformat($result,$target); }
638: }
639: return $result;
640: }
641:
642: sub commaformat {
643: my ($number,$target) = @_;
644: if ($number =~ /\./) {
645: while ($number =~ /([^0-9]*)([0-9]+)([^\.,][^\.,][^\.,])([,0-9]*\.[0-9]*)$/) {
646: $number = $1.$2.','.$3.$4;
647: }
648: } else {
649: while ($number =~ /^([^0-9]*)([0-9]+)([^,][^,][^,])([,0-9]*)$/) {
650: $number = $1.$2.','.$3.$4;
651: }
652: }
653: return $number;
654: }
655:
656: sub dollarformat {
657: my ($number,$target) = @_;
658: if (!$target) { $target = $external::target; }
659: $number=&commaformat($number,$target);
660: if ($target eq 'tex') {
661: $number='\$'.$number; #' stupid emacs
662: } else {
663: $number='$'.$number; #' stupid emacs
664: }
665: return $number;
666: }
667:
668: # format of form ns or nS where n is an integer
669: sub format_significant_figures {
670: my ($number,$format) = @_;
671: return '0' if ($number == 0);
672: # extract number of significant figures needed
673: my ($sig) = ($format =~ /(\d+)s/i);
674: # arbitrary choice - suggestions ?? or throw error message?
675: $sig = 3 if ($sig eq '');
676: # save the minus sign
677: my $sign = ($number < 0) ? '-' : '';
678: $number = abs($number);
679: # needed to correct for a number greater than 1 (or
680: my $power = ($number < 1) ? 0 : 1;
681: # could round up. Take the integer part of log10.
682: my $x10 = int(log($number)/log(10));
683: # find number with values left of decimal pt = # of sign figs.
684: my $xsig = $number*10**($sig-$x10-$power);
685: # get just digits left of decimal pt - also rounds off correctly
686: my $xint = sprintf('%.0f',$xsig);
687: # save any trailing zero's
688: my ($zeros) = ($xint =~ /(0+)$/);
689: # return number to original magnitude
690: my $numSig = $xint*10**($x10-$sig+$power);
691: # insert trailing zero's if have decimal point
692: $numSig =~ s/^(\d+)\.(\d+)(\e?(.*)?)$/$1\.$2$zeros$3/;
693: # put a decimal pt for number ending with 0 and length = # of sig fig
694: $numSig.='.' if (length($numSig) == $sig && $numSig =~ /0$/);
695: if (length($numSig) < $sig) {
696: $numSig.='.'.substr($zeros,0,($sig-length($numSig)));
697: }
698: # return number with sign
699: return $sign.$numSig;
700:
701: }
702:
703: sub map {
704: my ($phrase,$dest,$source)=@_;
705: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
706: my @seed = &random_seed_from_phrase($phrase);
707: &random_set_seed(@seed);
708: my $destct = scalar(@$dest);
709: if (!$source) {
710: my @output;
711: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($destct);
712: my $ctr = 0;
713: while ($ctr < $destct) {
714: $output[$ctr] = $$dest[$idx[$ctr]];
715: $ctr++;
716: }
717: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
718: return @output;
719: } else {
720: my $num = scalar(@$source);
721: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($num);
722: my $ctr = 0;
723: my $tot = $num;
724: $tot = $destct if $destct < $num;
725: if (ref($$dest[0])) {
726: while ($ctr < $tot) {
727: ${$$dest[$ctr]} = $$source[$idx[$ctr]];
728: $ctr++;
729: }
730: } else {
731: while ($ctr < $tot) {
732: $$dest[$ctr] = $$source[$idx[$ctr]];
733: $ctr++;
734: }
735: }
736: }
737: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
738: return '';
739: }
740:
741: sub rmap {
742: my ($phrase,$dest,$source)=@_;
743: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
744: my @seed = &random_seed_from_phrase($phrase);
745: &random_set_seed(@seed);
746: my $destct = scalar(@$dest);
747: if (!$source) {
748: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($destct);
749: my $ctr = 0;
750: my @r_idx;
751: while ($ctr < $destct) {
752: $r_idx[$idx[$ctr]] = $ctr;
753: $ctr++;
754: }
755: my @output;
756: $ctr = 0;
757: while ($ctr < $destct) {
758: $output[$ctr] = $$dest[$r_idx[$ctr]];
759: $ctr++;
760: }
761: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
762: return @output;
763: } else {
764: my $num = scalar(@$source);
765: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($num);
766: my $ctr = 0;
767: my $tot = $num;
768: $tot = $destct if $destct < $num;
769: my @r_idx;
770: while ($ctr < $tot) {
771: $r_idx[$idx[$ctr]] = $ctr;
772: $ctr++;
773: }
774: $ctr = 0;
775: if (ref($$dest[0])) {
776: while ($ctr < $tot) {
777: ${$$dest[$ctr]} = $$source[$r_idx[$ctr]];
778: $ctr++;
779: }
780: } else {
781: while ($ctr < $tot) {
782: $$dest[$ctr] = $$source[$r_idx[$ctr]];
783: $ctr++;
784: }
785: }
786: }
787: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
788: return '';
789: }
790:
791: sub capa_id { return }
792:
793: sub problem { return }
794:
795: sub name{
796: my $fullname = &EXT('environment.lastname').', '.&EXT('environment.firstname').' '.&EXT('environment.middlename');
797: $fullname = "" if $fullname eq ", ";
798: $fullname =~ s/\%2d/-/g;
799: return $fullname;
800: }
801:
802: sub student_number {
803: my $id = &EXT('environment.id');
804: $id = '' if $id eq "";
805: return $id;
806: }
807:
808: sub class {
809: my $course = &EXT('course.description');
810: $course = '' if $course eq "";
811: return $course;
812: }
813:
814: sub sec {
815: my $sec = &EXT('request.course.sec');
816: $sec = '' if $sec eq "";
817: return $sec;
818: }
819:
820: sub open_date {
821: my @dc = split(/\s+/,localtime(&EXT('resource.0.opendate')));
822: return '' if ($dc[0] eq "Wed" and $dc[2] == 31 and $dc[4] == 1969);
823: my @hm = split(/:/,$dc[3]);
824: my $ampm = " am";
825: if ($hm[0] > 12) {
826: $hm[0]-=12;
827: $ampm = " pm";
828: }
829: return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$hm[0].':'.$hm[1].$ampm;
830: }
831:
832: sub due_date {
833: my @dc = split(/\s+/,localtime(&EXT('resource.0.duedate')));
834: return '' if ($dc[0] eq "Wed" and $dc[2] == 31 and $dc[4] == 1969);
835: my @hm = split(/:/,$dc[3]);
836: my $ampm = " am";
837: if ($hm[0] > 12) {
838: $hm[0]-=12;
839: $ampm = " pm";
840: }
841: return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$hm[0].':'.$hm[1].$ampm;
842: }
843:
844: sub answer_date {
845: my @dc = split(/\s+/,localtime(&EXT('resource.0.answerdate')));
846: return '' if ($dc[0] eq "Wed" and $dc[2] == 31 and $dc[4] == 1969);
847: my @hm = split(/:/,$dc[3]);
848: my $ampm = " am";
849: if ($hm[0] > 12) {
850: $hm[0]-=12;
851: $ampm = " pm";
852: }
853: return $dc[0].', '.$dc[1].' '.$dc[2].', '.$dc[4].' at '.$hm[0].':'.$hm[1].$ampm;
854: }
855:
856: sub array_moments {
857: my @input=@_;
858: my (@output,$N);
859: $N=scalar (@input);
860: $output[0]=$N;
861: if ($N <= 1) {
862: $output[1]=$input[0];
863: $output[1]="Input array not defined" if ($N == 0);
864: $output[2]="variance undefined for N<=1";
865: $output[3]="skewness undefined for N<=1";
866: $output[4]="kurtosis undefined for N<=1";
867: return @output;
868: }
869: my $sum=0;
870: foreach my $line (@input) {
871: $sum+=$line;
872: }
873: $output[1] = $sum/$N;
874: my ($x,$sdev,$var,$skew,$kurt) = 0;
875: foreach my $line (@input) {
876: $x=$line-$output[1];
877: $var+=$x**2;
878: $skew+=$x**3;
879: $kurt+=$x**4;
880: }
881: $output[2]=$var/($N-1);
882: $sdev=CORE::sqrt($output[2]);
883: if ($sdev == 0) {
884: $output[3]="inf-variance=0";
885: $output[4]="inf-variance=0";
886: return @output;
887: }
888: $output[3]=$skew/($sdev**3*$N);
889: $output[4]=$kurt/($sdev**4*$N)-3;
890: return @output;
891: }
892:
893: sub choose {
894: my $num = $_[0];
895: return $_[$num];
896: }
897:
898: #&sum1(1,$x,sub { &sum1($_[0],2*$_[0], sub { fact($_[0])**2 })});
899: #sub sum1 {
900: # my ($start,$end,$sub)=@_;
901: # my $sum=0;
902: # for (my $i=$start;$i<=$end;$i++) {
903: # $sum+=&$sub($i);
904: # }
905: # return $sum
906: #}
907:
908: #&sum2('a',1,$x,'&sum2(\'b\',$a,2*$a, \'&factorial($b)**2\')');
909: #sub sum2 {
910: # my ($varname,$start,$end,$line)=@_;
911: # my $sum=0;
912: # for (my $i=$start;$i<=$end;$i++) {
913: # my $func=sub {
914: # eval("\$".$varname."=$i");
915: # eval($line);
916: # };
917: # $sum+=&$func($i);
918: # }
919: # return $sum
920: #}
921:
922: # expiremental idea
923: sub proper_path {
924: my ($path)=@_;
925: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
926: return '/home/httpd/html'.$path;
927: } else {
928: return $path;
929: }
930: }
931:
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