1: # The LearningOnline Network with CAPA
2: # used by lonxml::xmlparse() as input variable $safeinit to Apache::run::run()
3: #
4: # $Id: default_homework.lcpm,v 1.176 2019/04/03 21:37:11 raeburn Exp $
5: #
6: # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
7: #
8: # This file is part of the LearningOnline Network with CAPA (LON-CAPA).
9: #
10: # LON-CAPA is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11: # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12: # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
13: # (at your option) any later version.
14: #
15: # LON-CAPA is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16: # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17: # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
18: # GNU General Public License for more details.
19: #
20: # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21: # along with LON-CAPA; if not, write to the Free Software
22: # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
23: #
24: # /home/httpd/html/adm/gpl.txt
25: #
26: # http://www.lon-capa.org/
27: #
28: #
29:
30: #init some globals
31: $hidden::RANDOMINIT=0;
32: $pi=atan2(1,1)*4;
33: $rad2deg=180.0/$pi;
34: $deg2rad=$pi/180.0;
35: $"=' ';
36: use strict;
37: {
38: my $n = 0;
39: my $total = 0;
40: my $num_left = 0;
41: my @order;
42: my $type;
43:
44: sub init_permutation {
45: my ($size,$requested_type) = @_;
46: @order = (0..$size-1);
47: $n = $size;
48: $type = $requested_type;
49: if ($type eq 'ordered') {
50: $total = $num_left = 1;
51: } elsif ($type eq 'unordered') {
52: $total = $num_left = &factorial($size);
53: } else {
54: die("Unkown type: $type");
55: }
56: }
57:
58: sub get_next_permutation {
59: if ($num_left == $total) {
60: $num_left--;
61: return \@order;
62: }
63:
64: # Find largest index j with a[j] < a[j+1]
65:
66: my $j = scalar(@order) - 2;
67: while ($order[$j] > $order[$j+1]) {
68: $j--;
69: }
70:
71: # Find index k such that a[k] is smallest integer
72: # greater than a[j] to the right of a[j]
73:
74: my $k = scalar(@order) - 1;
75: while ($order[$j] > $order[$k]) {
76: $k--;
77: }
78:
79: # Interchange a[j] and a[k]
80:
81: @order[($k,$j)] = @order[($j,$k)];
82:
83: # Put tail end of permutation after jth position in increasing order
84:
85: my $r = scalar(@order) - 1;
86: my $s = $j + 1;
87:
88: while ($r > $s) {
89: @order[($s,$r)]=@order[($r,$s)];
90: $r--;
91: $s++;
92: }
93:
94: $num_left--;
95: return(\@order);
96: }
97:
98: sub get_permutations_left {
99: return $num_left;
100: }
101: }
102:
103: sub check_commas {
104: my ($response)=@_;
105: #print("$response ");
106: my @numbers=split(',',$response);
107: #print(" numbers ".join('-',@numbers)." ");
108: if (scalar(@numbers) > 1) {
109: #print(" numbers[0] ".$numbers[0]." ");
110: if (length($numbers[0]) > 3 || length($numbers[0]) == 0) { return -1; }
111: shift(@numbers);
112: #print(" numbers ".scalar(@numbers)." ");
113: while (scalar(@numbers) > 1) {
114: #print(" numbers ".join('-',@numbers)." ");
115: if (length($numbers[0]) != 3) { return -2; }
116: shift(@numbers);
117: }
118: my ($number)=split('\.',$numbers[0]);
119: #print(" number ".$number." ");
120: #print(" numbers[0] ".$numbers[0]." ");
121: if (length($number) != 3) { return -3; }
122: } else {
123: my ($number)=split('\.',$numbers[0]);
124: if (length($number) > 3) { return -4; }
125: }
126: return 1;
127: }
128:
129:
130: sub caparesponse_check {
131: my ($answer,$response)=@_;
132: #not properly used yet: calc
133: #not to be used: $ans_fmt
134: my $type=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'type'};
135: my $tol=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'tol'};
136: my $sig=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'sig'};
137: my $ans_fmt=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'format'};
138: my $unit=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'unit'};
139: my $calc=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'calc'};
140: my $samples=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'samples'};
141:
142: my $tol_type=''; # gets it's value from whether tol has a % or not done
143: my $sig_lbound=''; #done
144: my $sig_ubound=''; #done
145:
146: #type's definitons come from capaParser.h
147:
148: #remove leading and trailing whitespace
149: if (!defined($response)) {
150: $response='';
151: }
152: if ($response=~ /^\s|\s$/) {
153: $response=~ s:^\s+|\s+$::g;
154: }
155:
156: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') {
157: #for string answers make sure all places spaces occur, there is
158: #really only 1 space, in both the answer and the response
159: $answer=~s/ +/ /g;
160: $response=~s/ +/ /g;
161: } elsif ($type eq 'mc') {
162: $answer=~s/[\s,]//g;
163: $response=~s/[\s,]//g;
164: }
165: if ($type eq 'float' && $unit=~/\$/) {
166: if ($response!~/^\$|\$$/) { return ('NO_UNIT', undef); }
167: $response=~s/\$//g;
168: }
169: if ($type eq 'float' && $unit=~/\,/ && (&check_commas($response)<0)) {
170: return "COMMA_FAIL:";
171: }
172: $ans_fmt=~s/\W//g;
173: $unit=~s/[\$,]//g;
174: if ($type eq 'float') { $response=~s/,//g; }
175:
176: if (length($response) > 500) { return ('TOO_LONG',undef); }
177:
178: if ($type eq '' ) {
179: if ( $answer eq ($answer *1.0)) { $type = 2;
180: } else { $type = 3; }
181: } else {
182: if ($type eq 'cs') { $type = 4; }
183: elsif ($type eq 'ci') { $type = 3 }
184: elsif ($type eq 'mc') { $type = 5; }
185: elsif ($type eq 'fml') { $type = 8; }
186: elsif ($type eq 'math') { $type = 9; }
187: elsif ($type eq 'subj') { $type = 7; }
188: elsif ($type eq 'float') { $type = 2; }
189: elsif ($type eq 'int') { $type = 1; }
190: else { return ('ERROR', "Unknown type of answer: $type") }
191: }
192:
193: my $points;
194: my $id_list;
195: #formula type setup the sample points
196: if ($type eq '8') {
197: ($id_list,$points)=split(/@/,$samples);
198: }
199: if ($tol eq '') {
200: $tol=0.0;
201: $tol_type=1; #TOL_ABSOLUTE
202: } else {
203: if ($tol =~ /%$/) {
204: chop $tol;
205: $tol_type=2; #TOL_PERCENTAGE
206: } else {
207: $tol_type=1; #TOL_ABSOLUTE
208: }
209: }
210:
211: ($sig_ubound,$sig_lbound)=&LONCAPA_INTERNAL_get_sigrange($sig);
212:
213: my $reterror="";
214: my $result;
215: if (($type eq '9') || ($type eq '8')) {
216: if ($response=~/\=/) {
217: return ('BAD_FORMULA','Please submit just an expression, not an equation.');
218: } elsif ($response =~ /\,/ and $response !~ /^\s*\{.*\}\s*$/) {
219: return ('BAD_FORMULA');
220: }
221: }
222: if ($type eq '9') {
223: $result = &maxima_check(&maxima_cas_formula_fix($response),&maxima_cas_formula_fix($answer),\$reterror);
224: } else {
225: if ($type eq '8') { # fml type
226: $response = &capa_formula_fix($response);
227: $answer = &capa_formula_fix($answer);
228: }
229: $result = &caparesponse_capa_check_answer($response,$answer,$type,
230: $tol_type,$tol,
231: $sig_lbound,$sig_ubound,
232: $ans_fmt,$unit,$calc,$id_list,
233: $points,$external::randomseed,
234: \$reterror);
235: }
236: if ($result == '1') { $result='EXACT_ANS'; }
237: elsif ($result == '2') { $result='APPROX_ANS'; }
238: elsif ($result == '3') { $result='SIG_FAIL'; }
239: elsif ($result == '4') { $result='UNIT_FAIL'; }
240: elsif ($result == '5') { $result='NO_UNIT'; }
241: elsif ($result == '6') { $result='UNIT_OK'; }
242: elsif ($result == '7') { $result='INCORRECT'; }
243: elsif ($result == '8') { $result='UNIT_NOTNEEDED'; }
244: elsif ($result == '9') { $result='ANS_CNT_NOT_MATCH'; }
245: elsif ($result =='10') { $result='SUB_RECORDED'; }
246: elsif ($result =='11') { $result='BAD_FORMULA'; }
247: elsif ($result =='12' && !$response) { $result='MISSING_ANSWER'; }
248: elsif ($result =='12') { $result='WANTED_NUMERIC'; }
249: elsif ($result =='13') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_INSTRUCTOR'; }
250: elsif ($result =='141') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; }
251: elsif ($result =='142') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; }
252: elsif ($result =='143') { $result='UNIT_INVALID_STUDENT'; }
253: elsif ($result =='15') { $result='UNIT_IRRECONCIBLE'; }
254: else {$result = "ERROR: Unknown Result:$result:$@:";}
255:
256: return ($result,$reterror);
257: }
258:
259:
260: sub caparesponse_check_list {
261: my $responses=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'response'};
262: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("args ".join(':',%LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args));
263: my $type = $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'type'};
264: my $answerunit=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'unit'};
265: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Got type :$type: answer unit :$answerunit:\n");
266:
267: my $preprocess=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'preprocess'};
268: $preprocess=~s/^\&//;
269:
270: my $num_input_lines =
271: scalar(@{$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}});
272:
273: if ($type ne '' ) {
274: if (scalar(@$responses) < $num_input_lines) {
275: return 'MISSING_ANSWER';
276: }
277: if (scalar(@$responses) > $num_input_lines) {
278: return 'EXTRA_ANSWER';
279: }
280:
281: }
282:
283: foreach my $which (0..($num_input_lines-1)) {
284: my $answer_size =
285: scalar(@{$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}[$which]});
286: if ($type ne ''
287: && $answer_size > 1) {
288: $responses->[$which]=[split(/,/,$responses->[$which])];
289: } else {
290: $responses->[$which]=[$responses->[$which]];
291: }
292: }
293: foreach my $which (0..($num_input_lines-1)) {
294: my $answer_size =
295: scalar(@{$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}[$which]});
296: my $response_size =
297: scalar(@{$responses->[$which]});
298: if ($answer_size > $response_size) {
299: return 'MISSING_ANSWER';
300: }
301: if ($answer_size < $response_size) {
302: return 'EXTRA_ANSWER';
303: }
304: }
305:
306: my $unit;
307: my ($allowalgebra)=($LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'allowalgebra'}=~/^(yes|1|on)$/i);
308: if ($type eq 'float' || $type eq '') {
309: #for numerical problems split off the unit
310: my $part1;
311: my $part2;
312: my $match_algebra = qr{^(.*[^\s])\s+([^\s]+)$};
313: # FIXME: with the above regexp, algebra with spaces will not be evaluated correctly
314: my $match_numerical_units = qr{^([\d\.\,\s\$]*(?:(?:[xX\*]10[\^\*]*|[eE]*)[\+\-]*\d*)*(?:^|\S)\d+)([\$\s\w\^\*\/\(\)\+\-]*[^\d\.\s\,][\$\s\w\^\*\/\(\)\+\-]*)$};
315: if ($allowalgebra) {
316: ($part1,$part2) = ($responses->[0][-1] =~ /$match_algebra/);
317: } else {
318: ($part1,$part2) = ($responses->[0][-1] =~ /$match_numerical_units/);
319: }
320: if (defined($part1) && defined($part2)) {
321: $responses->[0][-1]=$part1;
322: $unit=&capa_formula_fix($part2);
323: my $customunits=$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_args{'customunits'};
324: if ($customunits =~ /\S/) {
325: foreach my $replacement (split(/\s*\,\s*/,$customunits)) {
326: my ($which,$what)=split(/\s*\=\s*/,$replacement);
327: if ((defined($which)) && (defined($what))) {
328: $what=&capa_formula_fix($what);
329: $unit=~s/$which/\($what\)/g;
330: }
331: }
332: }
333: if (scalar(@$responses) > 0 && defined $answerunit) {
334: # there are several response values, units should be the same for all
335: $part2 =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
336: for (my $i=1; $i<scalar(@$responses); $i++) {
337: my $element = $responses->[$i][-1];
338: my ($part1i, $part2i);
339: if ($allowalgebra) {
340: ($part1i, $part2i) = ($element =~ /$match_algebra/);
341: } else {
342: ($part1i, $part2i) = ($element =~ /$match_numerical_units/);
343: }
344: $part2i =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
345: if (!defined $part2i) {
346: return 'NO_UNIT';
347: } elsif ($part2i ne $part2) {
348: return ('UNIT_FAIL', "$part2 $part2i");
349: } else {
350: $responses->[$i][-1] = $part1i;
351: }
352: }
353: }
354: }
355: }
356: $unit=~s/\s//;
357: my $error;
358: foreach my $response (@$responses) {
359: foreach my $element (@$response) {
360: # See if we have preprocessor
361: if ($preprocess=~/\S/) {
362: if (defined(&$preprocess)) {
363: no strict 'refs';
364: $element=&$preprocess($element,$unit);
365: use strict 'refs';
366: }
367: }
368: if (($type eq 'float') || (($type eq '') && ($unit ne ''))) {
369: $element =~ s/\s//g;
370: }
371: my $appendunit=$unit;
372: # Deal with percentages
373: # unit is unit entered by student, answerunit is unit by author
374: # Deprecated: divide answer by 100 if student entered percent,
375: # but author did not. Too much confusion
376: # if (($unit=~/\%/) && ($answerunit ne '%')) {
377: # $element=$element/100;
378: # $appendunit=~s/\%//;
379: # }
380: # Author entered percent, student did not
381: if (($unit!~/\%/) && ($answerunit=~/\%/)) {
382: $element=$element*100;
383: $appendunit='%'.$appendunit;
384: }
385: # Zero does not need a dimension
386: if (($element =~ /^[0\.]+$/) && ($unit!~/\w/) && ($answerunit=~/\w/)) {
387: $appendunit=$answerunit;
388: }
389: # Do the math for the student if allowed
390: if ($allowalgebra) {
391: $element=&cas('maxima',$element);
392: }
393: if ($appendunit ne '') {
394: $element .= " $appendunit";
395: }
396: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG("Made response element :$element:");
397: }
398: }
399:
400: foreach my $thisanswer (@{ $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'} }) {
401: if (!defined($thisanswer)) {
402: return ('ERROR','answer was undefined');
403: }
404: }
405:
406: my $allow_control_char = 0;
407: my $control_chars_removed = 0;
408: my $ansstring;
409: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') {
410: if (ref($LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
411: foreach my $strans (@{$LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}}) {
412: if (ref($strans) eq 'ARRAY') {
413: $ansstring = join("\0",@{$strans});
414: foreach my $item (@{$strans}) {
415: if ($item =~ /[\000-\037]/) {
416: $allow_control_char = 1;
417: }
418: }
419: }
420: }
421: }
422: }
423:
424: # &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG(&LONCAPA_INTERNAL_Dumper($responses));
425: my %memoized;
426: if ($LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'type'} eq 'ordered') {
427: for (my $i=0; $i<scalar(@$responses);$i++) {
428: my $answer = $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'}[$i];
429: my $response = $responses->[$i];
430: my $key = "$answer\0$response";
431: my (@awards,@msgs);
432: for (my $j=0; $j<scalar(@$response); $j++) {
433: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') {
434: unless ($allow_control_char) {
435: if ($response->[$j] =~ /[\000-\037]/) {
436: $response->[$j] =~ s/[\000-\037]//g;
437: $control_chars_removed = 1;
438: }
439: }
440: }
441: # See if we have preprocessor for string responses
442: if (($preprocess=~/\S/) && ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci')) {
443: if (defined(&$preprocess)) {
444: no strict 'refs';
445: $response->[$j]=&$preprocess($response->[$j]);
446: use strict 'refs';
447: }
448: }
449:
450: my ($award,$msg) = &caparesponse_check($answer->[$j],
451: $response->[$j]);
452: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') {
453: $error = &verify_stringresponse($type,$award,$response->[$j],
454: $answer->[$j]);
455: }
456: push(@awards,$award);
457: push(@msgs, $msg);
458: }
459: my ($award,$msg) =
460: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_FINALIZEAWARDS(\@awards,\@msgs);
461: $memoized{$key} = [$award,$msg];
462: }
463: } else {
464: #FIXME broken with unorder responses where one is a <value>
465: # and the other is a <vector> (need to delay parse til
466: # inside the loop?)
467: foreach my $response (@$responses) {
468: my $response_size = scalar(@{$response});
469: foreach my $answer (@{ $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'} }) {
470: my $key = "$answer\0$response";
471: my $answer_size = scalar(@{$answer});
472: my ($award,$msg);
473: if ($answer_size > $response_size) {
474: $award = 'MISSING_ANSWER';
475: } elsif ($answer_size < $response_size) {
476: $award = 'EXTRA_ANSWER';
477: } else {
478: my (@awards,@msgs);
479: for (my $j=0; $j<scalar(@$response); $j++) {
480: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') {
481: unless ($allow_control_char) {
482: if ($response->[$j] =~ /[\000-\037]/) {
483: $response->[$j] =~ s/[\000-\037]//g;
484: $control_chars_removed = 1;
485: }
486: }
487: }
488: # See if we have preprocessor
489: if (($preprocess=~/\S/) && ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci')) {
490: if (defined(&$preprocess)) {
491: no strict 'refs';
492: $response->[$j]=&$preprocess($response->[$j]);
493: use strict 'refs';
494: }
495: }
496:
497: my ($award,$msg) = &caparesponse_check($answer->[$j],
498: $response->[$j]);
499: if ($type eq 'cs' || $type eq 'ci') {
500: $error = &verify_stringresponse($type,$award,$response->[$j],
501: $answer->[$j]);
502: }
503: push(@awards,$award);
504: push(@msgs, $msg);
505: }
506: ($award,$msg) =
507: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_FINALIZEAWARDS(\@awards,\@msgs);
508: }
509: $memoized{$key} = [$award,$msg];
510: }
511: }
512: }
513:
514: my ($final_award,$final_msg);
515: &init_permutation(scalar(@$responses),
516: $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'type'});
517:
518: # possible FIXMEs
519: # - significant time is spent calling non-safe space routine
520: # from safe space
521: # - early outs could be possible with classifying awards is to stratas
522: # and stopping as so as hitting the top strata
523: # - some early outs also might be possible with check ing the
524: # memoized hash of results (is correct even possible? etc.)
525:
526: my (@final_awards,@final_msg);
527: while( &get_permutations_left() ) {
528: my $order = &get_next_permutation();
529: my (@awards, @msgs, $i);
530: foreach my $thisanswer (@{ $LONCAPA::CAPAresponse_answer->{'answers'} }) {
531: my $key = "$thisanswer\0".$responses->[$order->[$i]];
532: push(@awards,$memoized{$key}[0]);
533: push(@msgs,$memoized{$key}[1]);
534: $i++;
535:
536: }
537: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG(" all awards ".join(':',@awards));
538:
539: my ($possible_award,$possible_msg) =
540: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_FINALIZEAWARDS(\@awards,\@msgs);
541: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG(" pos awards ".$possible_award);
542: push(@final_awards,$possible_award);
543: push(@final_msg,$possible_msg);
544: }
545:
546: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_DEBUG(" all final_awards ".join(':',@final_awards));
547: my ($final_award,$final_msg) =
548: &LONCAPA_INTERNAL_FINALIZEAWARDS(\@final_awards,\@final_msg,undef,1);
549: return ($final_award,$final_msg,$error,$control_chars_removed,$ansstring);
550: }
551:
552: sub verify_stringresponse {
553: my ($type,$award,$resp,$ans) = @_;
554: return if ($award eq 'EXACT_ANS');
555: my $error;
556: if ($resp =~ /^\s|\s$/) {
557: $resp =~ s{^\s+|\s+$}{}g;
558: }
559: if ($ans =~ /^\s|\s$/) {
560: $ans =~ s{^\s+|\s+$}{}g;
561: }
562: if ($type eq 'ci') {
563: $resp = lc($resp);
564: $ans = lc($ans);
565: }
566: if ($resp eq $ans) {
567: if ($award eq 'INCORRECT') {
568: $error = 'MISGRADED';
569: }
570: }
571: return $error;
572: }
573:
574: sub cas {
575: my ($system,$input,$library)=@_;
576: my $output;
577: my $dump;
578: if ($system eq 'maxima') {
579: $output=&maxima_eval($input,$library);
580: } elsif ($system eq 'R') {
581: ($output,$dump)=&r_eval($input,$library,0);
582: } else {
583: $output='Error: unrecognized CAS';
584: }
585: return $output;
586: }
587:
588: sub cas_hashref {
589: my ($system,$input,$library)=@_;
590: if ($system eq 'maxima') {
591: return 'Error: unsupported CAS';
592: } elsif ($system eq 'R') {
593: return &r_eval($input,$library,1);
594: } else {
595: return 'Error: unrecognized CAS';
596: }
597: }
598:
599: #
600: # cas_hashref_entry takes a list of indices and gets the entry in a hash generated by Rreturn.
601: # Call: cas_hashref_entry(Rvalue, index1, index2, ...) where Rvalue is a hash returned by Rreturn.
602: # Rentry will return the first scalar value it encounters (ignoring excess indices).
603: # If an invalid key is given, it returns undef.
604: #
605: sub cas_hashref_entry {
606: return &Rentry(@_);
607: }
608:
609: #
610: # cas_hashref_array takes a list of indices and gets a column array from a hash generated by Rreturn.
611: # Call: cas_hashref_array(Rvalue, index1, index2, ...) where Rvalue is a hash returned by Rreturn.
612: # If an invalid key is given, it returns undef.
613: #
614: sub cas_hashref_array {
615: return &Rarray(@_);
616: }
617:
618: sub tex {
619: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
620: return $_[0];
621: } else {
622: return $_[1];
623: }
624: }
625:
626: sub var_in_tex {
627: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
628: return $_[0];
629: } else {
630: return "";
631: }
632: }
633:
634: sub web {
635: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
636: return $_[1];
637: } else {
638: if ( $external::target eq "web" || $external::target eq "answer") {
639: return $_[2];
640: } else {
641: return $_[0];
642: }
643: }
644: }
645:
646: sub html {
647: if ( $external::target eq "web" ) {
648: return shift;
649: }
650: }
651:
652: sub hinton {
653: return 0;
654: }
655:
656: sub random {
657: my ($start,$end,$step)=@_;
658: if ( ! $hidden::RANDOMINIT ) {
659: if ($external::randomseed == 0) { $external::randomseed=1; }
660: if ($external::randomseed =~/,/) {
661: my ($num1,$num2) = map { abs($_); } split(/,/,$external::randomseed);
662: if ((!$num1) || ($num1 > 2147483398)) {
663: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($external::randomseed);
664: } else {
665: &random_set_seed(1,$num1);
666: }
667: } elsif ($external::randomseed =~/:/) {
668: my ($num1,$num2) = map { abs($_); } split(/:/,$external::randomseed);
669: if ((!$num1) || (!$num2) || ($num1 > 2147483562) || ($num2 > 2147483398)) {
670: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($external::randomseed);
671: } else {
672: &random_set_seed($num1,$num2);
673: }
674: } else {
675: my $num1 = int(abs($external::randomseed));
676: if ((!$num1) || ($num1 > 2147483398)) {
677: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($external::randomseed);
678: } else {
679: &random_set_seed(1,$num1);
680: }
681: }
682: &math_random_uniform();
683: $hidden::RANDOMINIT=1;
684: }
685: if (!defined($step)) { $step=1; }
686: my $num=1+int(($end-$start)/$step);
687: my $result=$start + int(&math_random_uniform() * $num)*$step;
688: return $result;
689: }
690:
691: sub random_normal {
692: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$av,$std_dev) = @_;
693: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
694: my @retArray;
695: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
696: @retArray=&math_random_normal($item_cnt,$av,$std_dev);
697: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
698: return @retArray;
699: }
700:
701: sub random_beta {
702: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$aa,$bb) = @_;
703: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
704: my @retArray;
705: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
706: @retArray=&math_random_beta($item_cnt,$aa,$bb);
707: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
708: return @retArray;
709: }
710:
711: sub random_gamma {
712: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$a,$r) = @_;
713: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
714: my @retArray;
715: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
716: @retArray=&math_random_gamma($item_cnt,$a,$r);
717: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
718: return @retArray;
719: }
720:
721: sub random_exponential {
722: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$av) = @_;
723: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
724: my @retArray;
725: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
726: @retArray=&math_random_exponential($item_cnt,$av);
727: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
728: return @retArray;
729: }
730:
731: sub random_poisson {
732: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$mu) = @_;
733: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
734: my @retArray;
735: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
736: @retArray=&math_random_poisson($item_cnt,$mu);
737: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
738: return @retArray;
739: }
740:
741: sub random_chi {
742: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$df) = @_;
743: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
744: my @retArray;
745: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
746: @retArray=&math_random_chi_square($item_cnt,$df);
747: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
748: return @retArray;
749: }
750:
751: sub random_noncentral_chi {
752: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$df,$nonc) = @_;
753: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
754: my @retArray;
755: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
756: @retArray=&math_random_noncentral_chi_square($item_cnt,$df,$nonc);
757: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
758: return @retArray;
759: }
760:
761: sub random_f {
762: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$dfn,$dfd) = @_;
763: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
764: my @retArray;
765: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
766: @retArray=&math_random_f($item_cnt,$dfn,$dfd);
767: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
768: return @retArray;
769: }
770:
771: sub random_noncentral_f {
772: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$dfn,$dfd,$nonc) = @_;
773: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
774: my @retArray;
775: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
776: @retArray=&math_random_noncentral_f($item_cnt,$dfn,$dfd,$nonc);
777: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
778: return @retArray;
779: }
780:
781: sub random_multivariate_normal {
782: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$mean,$covar) = @_;
783: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
784: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
785: my @retArray=&math_random_multivariate_normal($item_cnt,@$mean,@$covar);
786: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
787: return @retArray;
788: }
789:
790: sub random_multinomial {
791: my ($item_cnt,$seed,@p) = @_;
792: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
793: my @retArray;
794: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
795: my @retArray=&math_random_multinomial($item_cnt,@p);
796: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
797: return @retArray;
798: }
799:
800: sub random_permutation {
801: my ($seed,@inArray) = @_;
802: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
803: my @retArray;
804: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
805: @retArray=&math_random_permutation(@inArray);
806: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
807: return @retArray;
808: }
809:
810: sub random_uniform {
811: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$low,$high) = @_;
812: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
813: my @retArray;
814: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
815: @retArray=&math_random_uniform($item_cnt,$low,$high);
816: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
817: return @retArray;
818: }
819:
820: sub random_uniform_integer {
821: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$low,$high) = @_;
822: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
823: my @retArray;
824: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
825: @retArray=&math_random_uniform_integer($item_cnt,$low,$high);
826: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
827: return @retArray;
828: }
829:
830: sub random_binomial {
831: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$nt,$p) = @_;
832: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
833: my @retArray;
834: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
835: @retArray=&math_random_binomial($item_cnt,$nt,$p);
836: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
837: return @retArray;
838: }
839:
840: sub random_negative_binomial {
841: my ($item_cnt,$seed,$ne,$p) = @_;
842: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
843: my @retArray;
844: &random_set_seed_from_phrase($seed);
845: @retArray=&math_random_negative_binomial($item_cnt,$ne,$p);
846: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
847: return @retArray;
848: }
849:
850: sub abs { CORE::abs(shift) }
851: sub sin { CORE::sin(shift) }
852: sub cos { CORE::cos(shift) }
853: sub exp { CORE::exp(shift) }
854: sub int { CORE::int(shift) }
855: sub log { CORE::log(shift) }
856: sub ln { CORE::log(shift) }
857: sub atan2 { CORE::atan2($_[0],$_[1]) }
858: sub sqrt { CORE::sqrt(shift) }
859:
860: sub tan { CORE::sin($_[0]) / CORE::cos($_[0]) }
861: #sub atan { atan2($_[0], 1); }
862: #sub acos { atan2(sqrt(1 - $_[0] * $_[0]), $_[0] ); }
863: #sub asin { atan2($_[0], sqrt(1- $_[0] * $_[0]) ); }
864:
865: sub log10 { CORE::log($_[0])/CORE::log(10); }
866:
867: sub factorial {
868: my $input = CORE::int(shift);
869: return "Error - unable to take factorial of an negative number ($input)" if $input < 0;
870: return "Error - factorial result is greater than system limit ($input)" if $input > 170;
871: return 1 if $input == 0;
872: my $result = 1;
873: for (my $i=2; $i<=$input; $i++) { $result *= $i }
874: return $result;
875: }
876:
877: sub sgn {
878: return -1 if $_[0] < 0;
879: return 0 if $_[0] == 0;
880: return 1 if $_[0] > 0;
881: }
882:
883: sub min {
884: my @sorted = sort { $a <=> $b || $a cmp $b } @_;
885: return shift @sorted;
886: }
887:
888: sub max {
889: my @sorted = sort { $a <=> $b || $a cmp $b } @_;
890: return pop @sorted;
891: }
892:
893: sub roundto {
894: my ($input,$n) = @_;
895: return sprintf('%.'.$n.'f',$input);
896: }
897:
898: sub to_string {
899: my ($input,$n) = @_;
900: return sprintf($input) if $n eq "";
901: $n = '.'.$n if $n !~ /^\./;
902: return sprintf('%'.$n,$input) if $n ne "";
903: }
904:
905: sub sub_string {
906: my ($str,$start,$len) = @_;
907: return substr($str,$start-1,$len);
908: }
909:
910: sub pow {return $_[0] ** $_[1]; }
911: sub ceil {return (($_[0]-CORE::int($_[0]))== 0.0) ? $_[0] : (($_[0] > 0) ? (CORE::int($_[0])+ 1) : CORE::int($_[0])); }
912: sub floor {return (($_[0]-CORE::int($_[0]))== 0.0) ? $_[0] : (($_[0] > 0) ? CORE::int($_[0]) : (CORE::int($_[0])-1)); }
913: #sub floor {return int($_[0]); }
914:
915: sub format {
916: my ($value,$fmt)=@_;
917: my ($dollarmode,$commamode,$alwaysperiod,$options);
918: if ($fmt =~ /^([^\d]*)(.*)/) { $options=$1; $fmt=$2; }
919: #if ($options =~ /\$/) { $dollamode=1; }
920: #if ($options =~ /,/) { $commamode=1; }
921: if ($options =~ /\./) { $alwaysperiod=1; }
922: my $result;
923: if ($fmt=~/s$/i) {
924: $result=&format_significant_figures($value,$fmt);
925: } else {
926: $fmt=~s/e/E/g;
927: $result=sprintf('%.'.$fmt,$value);
928: if ($alwaysperiod && $fmt eq '0f') { $result .='.'; }
929: $result=~s/(E[+-]*)0/$1/;
930: }
931: #if ($dollarmode) {$result=&dollarformat($result);}
932: #if ($commamode) {$result=&commaformat($result);}
933: return $result;
934: }
935:
936: sub chemparse {
937: my ($reaction) = @_;
938: my @tokens = split(/(\s\+|\->|<=>|<\-|\.)/,$reaction);
939: my $formula = '';
940: foreach my $token (@tokens) {
941: if ($token eq '->' ) {
942: if ($external::target eq 'web') {
943: $formula .= '→ ';
944: } else {
945: $formula .= '<m>\ensuremath{\rightarrow}</m> ';
946: }
947: next;
948: }
949: if ($token eq '<-' ) {
950: if ($external::target eq 'web') {
951: $formula .= '← ';
952: } else {
953: $formula .= '<m>\ensuremath{\leftarrow}</m> ';
954: }
955: next;
956: }
957: if ($token eq '<=>') {
958: if ($external::target eq 'web' &&
959: &EXT('request.browser.unicode')) {
960: $formula .= '⇌ ';
961: } else {
962: $formula .= &web('<=> ','<m>\ensuremath{\rightleftharpoons}</m> ',
963: '<=> ');
964: }
965: next;
966: }
967: if ($token eq '.') {
968: $formula =~ s/(\ \;| )$//;
969: $formula .= '·';
970: next;
971: }
972: $token =~ /^\s*([\d|\/]*(?:&frac\d\d)?)(.*)/;
973: $formula .= $1 if ($1 ne '1'); # stoichiometric coefficient
974:
975: my $molecule = $2;
976: # subscripts
977: $molecule =~ s|(?<=[a-zA-Z\)\]\s])(\d+)|<sub>$1</sub>|g;
978: # superscripts
979: $molecule =~ s|\^(\d*[+\-]*)|<sup>$1</sup>|g;
980: # strip whitespace
981: $molecule =~ s/\s*//g;
982: # forced space
983: $molecule =~ s/_/ /g;
984: $molecule =~ s/-/−/g;
985: $formula .= $molecule.' ';
986: }
987: # get rid of trailing space
988: $formula =~ s/(\ \;| )$//;
989: return &xmlparse($formula);
990: }
991:
992: sub conv_eng_format {
993: my ($ans,$baseunit)=@_;
994: my ($value,$answer,$unit);
995: $baseunit =~ s{[^\w/\-\.]}{}g;
996: eval {
997: $value = &number_format_pref($ans);
998: };
999: my ($answer,$prefix) = ($value=~ /^(.+)(\w)$/);
1000: my $unit = $prefix.$baseunit;
1001: return($answer,$unit);
1002: }
1003:
1004: sub prettyprint {
1005: my ($value,$fmt,$target)=@_;
1006: my $result;
1007: if (!$target) { $target = $external::target; }
1008: if ($fmt =~ /chem/i) { return(&chemparse($value)); }
1009: my ($dollarmode,$commamode,$alwaysperiod,$options);
1010: if ($fmt =~ /^([^\d]*)(.*)/) { $options=$1; $fmt=$2; }
1011: if ($options =~ /\$/) { $dollarmode=1; }
1012: if ($options =~ /,/) { $commamode=1; }
1013: if ($options =~ /\./) { $alwaysperiod=1; }
1014: if ($fmt=~/s$/i) {
1015: $value=&format_significant_figures($value,$fmt);
1016: } elsif ($fmt) {
1017: $value=sprintf('%.'.$fmt,$value);
1018: }
1019: if ($alwaysperiod && $fmt eq '0f') {
1020: if ($target eq 'tex') {
1021: $value .='\\ensuremath{.}';
1022: } else {
1023: $value .='.';
1024: }
1025: }
1026: if ($value =~ /([0-9\.\-\+]+)E([0-9\-\+]+)/i ) {
1027: my $frac=$1;
1028: if ($dollarmode) { $frac=&dollarformat($frac); }
1029: if ($commamode) { $frac=&commaformat($frac); }
1030: my $exponent=$2;
1031: $exponent=~s/^\+0*//;
1032: $exponent=~s/^-0*/-/;
1033: $exponent=~s/^-0*/-/;
1034: if ($exponent eq '-') { undef($exponent); }
1035: if ($exponent) {
1036: if ($target eq 'web') {
1037: $result=$frac.'×10<sup>'.$exponent.'</sup>';
1038: } elsif ($target eq 'tex') {
1039: $result='\ensuremath{'.$frac.'\times 10^{'.$exponent.'}}';
1040: } else {
1041: $result=$value;
1042: }
1043: } else {
1044: $result=$frac;
1045: }
1046: } else {
1047: $result=$value;
1048: if ($dollarmode) { $result=&dollarformat($result,$target); }
1049: elsif ($commamode) { $result=&commaformat($result,$target); }
1050: }
1051: return $result;
1052: }
1053:
1054: sub commaformat {
1055: my ($number,$target) = @_;
1056: if ($number =~ /\./) {
1057: while ($number =~ /([^0-9]*)([0-9]+)([^\.,][^\.,][^\.,])([,0-9]*\.[0-9]*)$/) {
1058: $number = $1.$2.','.$3.$4;
1059: }
1060: } else {
1061: while ($number =~ /^([^0-9]*)([0-9]+)([^,][^,][^,])([,0-9]*)$/) {
1062: $number = $1.$2.','.$3.$4;
1063: }
1064: }
1065: return $number;
1066: }
1067:
1068: sub dollarformat {
1069: my ($number,$target) = @_;
1070: if (!$target) { $target = $external::target; }
1071: $number=&commaformat($number,$target);
1072: if ($target eq 'tex') {
1073: $number='\$'.$number; #' stupid emacs
1074: } else {
1075: $number='$'.$number; #' stupid emacs
1076: }
1077: return $number;
1078: }
1079:
1080: # format of form ns or nS where n is an integer
1081: sub format_significant_figures {
1082: my ($number,$format) = @_;
1083: return '0' if ($number == 0);
1084: # extract number of significant figures needed
1085: my ($sig) = ($format =~ /(\d+)s/i);
1086: # arbitrary choice - suggestions ?? or throw error message?
1087: $sig = 3 if ($sig eq '');
1088: # save the minus sign
1089: my $sign = ($number < 0) ? '-' : '';
1090: $number = abs($number);
1091: # needed to correct for a number greater than 1 (or
1092: my $power = ($number < 1) ? 0 : 1;
1093: # could round up. Take the integer part of log10.
1094: my $x10 = int(log($number)/log(10));
1095: # find number with values left of decimal pt = # of sign figs.
1096: my $xsig = $number*10**($sig-$x10-$power);
1097: # get just digits left of decimal pt - also rounds off correctly
1098: my $xint = sprintf('%.0f',$xsig);
1099: # save any trailing zero's
1100: my ($zeros) = ($xint =~ /(0+)$/);
1101: # return number to original magnitude
1102: my $numSig = $xint*10**($x10-$sig+$power);
1103: if ($numSig =~ /^(\d+)\.(\d+)/) {
1104: # insert trailing zero's if have decimal point
1105: my @digarray = split('',$1.$2);
1106: my $sigcount;
1107: while (@digarray > 0) {
1108: my $item = shift(@digarray);
1109: if ($item) {
1110: $sigcount = 1 + @digarray;
1111: last;
1112: }
1113: }
1114: if (($sigcount) && ($sig >= $sigcount)) {
1115: $zeros = substr($zeros,0,($sig - $sigcount));
1116: }
1117: $numSig =~ s/^(\d+)\.(\d+)(\e?(.*)?)$/$1\.$2$zeros$3/;
1118: } else {
1119: if ($numSig =~ /^(\d+)e([\+\-]\d+)$/i) {
1120: my $pre_exp = $1;
1121: my $exponent = $2;
1122: $numSig = $pre_exp.'.'.$zeros.'E'.$exponent;
1123: } elsif ($numSig =~ /0$/) {
1124: # add decimal pt for number ending with 0 and length == # of sig figs
1125: if (length($numSig) == $sig) {
1126: $numSig.='.';
1127: } elsif (length($numSig) > $sig) {
1128: # exponential form for number ending with 0 and length > # of sig figs
1129: my $fmtsig = $sig-1;
1130: if ($fmtsig) {
1131: $numSig = sprintf('%.'.$fmtsig.'E',$numSig);
1132: }
1133: } elsif (length($numSig) < $sig) {
1134: $numSig.='.'.substr($zeros,0,($sig-length($numSig)));
1135: }
1136: } else {
1137: if (length($numSig) < $sig) {
1138: $numSig.='.'.substr($zeros,0,($sig-length($numSig)));
1139: }
1140: }
1141: }
1142: # return number with sign
1143: return $sign.$numSig;
1144: }
1145:
1146: sub map {
1147: my ($phrase,$dest,$source)=@_;
1148: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
1149: my @seed = &random_seed_from_phrase($phrase);
1150: &random_set_seed(@seed);
1151: my $destct = scalar(@$dest);
1152: if (!$source) {
1153: my @output;
1154: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($destct);
1155: my $ctr = 0;
1156: while ($ctr < $destct) {
1157: $output[$ctr] = $$dest[$idx[$ctr]];
1158: $ctr++;
1159: }
1160: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
1161: return @output;
1162: } else {
1163: my $num = scalar(@$source);
1164: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($num);
1165: my $ctr = 0;
1166: my $tot = $num;
1167: $tot = $destct if $destct < $num;
1168: if (ref($$dest[0])) {
1169: while ($ctr < $tot) {
1170: ${$$dest[$ctr]} = $$source[$idx[$ctr]];
1171: $ctr++;
1172: }
1173: } else {
1174: while ($ctr < $tot) {
1175: $$dest[$ctr] = $$source[$idx[$ctr]];
1176: $ctr++;
1177: }
1178: }
1179: }
1180: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
1181: return '';
1182: }
1183:
1184: sub rmap {
1185: my ($phrase,$dest,$source)=@_;
1186: my @oldseed=&random_get_seed();
1187: my @seed = &random_seed_from_phrase($phrase);
1188: &random_set_seed(@seed);
1189: my $destct = scalar(@$dest);
1190: if (!$source) {
1191: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($destct);
1192: my $ctr = 0;
1193: my @r_idx;
1194: while ($ctr < $destct) {
1195: $r_idx[$idx[$ctr]] = $ctr;
1196: $ctr++;
1197: }
1198: my @output;
1199: $ctr = 0;
1200: while ($ctr < $destct) {
1201: $output[$ctr] = $$dest[$r_idx[$ctr]];
1202: $ctr++;
1203: }
1204: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
1205: return @output;
1206: } else {
1207: my $num = scalar(@$source);
1208: my @idx = &math_random_permuted_index($num);
1209: my $ctr = 0;
1210: my $tot = $num;
1211: $tot = $destct if $destct < $num;
1212: my @r_idx;
1213: while ($ctr < $tot) {
1214: $r_idx[$idx[$ctr]] = $ctr;
1215: $ctr++;
1216: }
1217: $ctr = 0;
1218: if (ref($$dest[0])) {
1219: while ($ctr < $tot) {
1220: ${$$dest[$ctr]} = $$source[$r_idx[$ctr]];
1221: $ctr++;
1222: }
1223: } else {
1224: while ($ctr < $tot) {
1225: $$dest[$ctr] = $$source[$r_idx[$ctr]];
1226: $ctr++;
1227: }
1228: }
1229: }
1230: &random_set_seed(@oldseed);
1231: return '';
1232: }
1233:
1234: sub capa_id { return }
1235:
1236: sub problem { return }
1237:
1238: sub name{
1239: my $fullname = &EXT('environment.lastname').', '.&EXT('environment.firstname').' '.&EXT('environment.middlename');
1240: $fullname = "" if $fullname eq ", ";
1241: $fullname =~ s/\%2d/-/g;
1242: return $fullname;
1243: }
1244:
1245: sub student_number {
1246: my $id = &EXT('environment.id');
1247: $id = '' if $id eq "";
1248: return $id;
1249: }
1250:
1251: sub class {
1252: my $course = &EXT('course.description');
1253: $course = '' if $course eq "";
1254: return $course;
1255: }
1256:
1257: sub classid {
1258: my $courseid = &EXT('request.course.id');
1259: $courseid = '' if $courseid eq "";
1260: return $courseid;
1261: }
1262:
1263: sub firstname {
1264: my $firstname = &EXT('environment.firstname');
1265: $firstname = '' if $firstname eq "";
1266: return $firstname;
1267: }
1268:
1269: sub middlename {
1270: my $middlename = &EXT('environment.middlename');
1271: $middlename = '' if $middlename eq "";
1272: return $middlename;
1273: }
1274:
1275: sub lastname {
1276: my $lastname = &EXT('environment.lastname');
1277: $lastname = '' if $lastname eq "";
1278: return $lastname;
1279: }
1280:
1281: sub sec {
1282: my $sec = &EXT('request.course.sec');
1283: $sec = '' if $sec eq "";
1284: return $sec;
1285: }
1286:
1287: sub submission {
1288: my ($partid,$responseid,$subnumber,$encode,$cleanupnum,$mapalias)=@_;
1289: my $sub='';
1290: if ($subnumber) { $sub=$subnumber.':'; }
1291: my $output =
1292: &EXT('user.resource.'.$sub.'resource.'.$partid.'.'.$responseid.'.submission',$mapalias);
1293: if (ref($output) eq 'ARRAY') {
1294: my @items = @{$output};
1295: if ($encode) {
1296: @items = map { &encode_response($_); } @items;
1297: }
1298: if (ref($cleanupnum) eq 'HASH') {
1299: @items = map { &cleanup_numerical_response($cleanupnum,$_); } @items;
1300: }
1301: return \@items;
1302: } else {
1303: if ($encode) {
1304: $output = &encode_response($output);
1305: }
1306: if (ref($cleanupnum) eq 'HASH') {
1307: $output = &cleanup_numerical_response($cleanupnum,$output);
1308: }
1309: return $output;
1310: }
1311: }
1312:
1313: sub encode_response {
1314: my ($value) = @_;
1315: $value =~ s/&/&/g;
1316: $value =~ s/</</g;
1317: $value =~ s/>/>/g;
1318: $value =~ s/"/"/g;
1319: return $value;
1320: }
1321:
1322: sub cleanup_numerical_response {
1323: my ($cleanupnum,$value) = @_;
1324: if (ref($cleanupnum) eq 'HASH') {
1325: if ($cleanupnum->{exponent}) {
1326: if ($value =~ m{^(.*)[\*xX]\s*10\s*\^\s*(\+|\-)?\s*(\d+)(.*)$}) {
1327: my $pre_exp = $1;
1328: my $sign = $2;
1329: my $exponent = $3;
1330: my $post_exp = $4;
1331: if ($pre_exp !~ /\./) {
1332: $pre_exp .= '.';
1333: }
1334: if ($sign eq '') {
1335: $sign = '+';
1336: }
1337: $value = $pre_exp.'E'.$sign.$exponent.$post_exp;
1338: }
1339: }
1340: if ($cleanupnum->{comma}) {
1341: $value =~ s{(\d+),(\d+)}{$1$2};
1342: }
1343: if ($cleanupnum->{letterforzero}) {
1344: $value =~ s/^\s*o(\.\d+)/0$1/i;
1345: }
1346: if ($cleanupnum->{spaces}) {
1347: $value =~ s{^\s+|\s+$}{}g;
1348: if ($value =~ m{^(.*)\.\s+(\d+)(.*)$}) {
1349: my $pre_pt = $1;
1350: my $decimal = $2;
1351: my $post_dec = $3;
1352: $value = $pre_pt.'.'.$decimal.$post_dec;
1353: }
1354: }
1355: if ($cleanupnum->{format} =~ /^\d+s$/i) {
1356: $value = &format_significant_figures($value,$cleanupnum->{format});
1357: }
1358: }
1359: return $value;
1360: }
1361:
1362: sub currentpart {
1363: return $external::part;
1364: }
1365:
1366: sub eval_time {
1367: my ($timestamp)=@_;
1368: unless ($timestamp) { return ''; }
1369: return &locallocaltime($timestamp);
1370: }
1371:
1372: sub open_date {
1373: my ($partid)=@_;
1374: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; }
1375: return &eval_time(&EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.opendate'));
1376: }
1377:
1378: sub due_date {
1379: my ($partid)=@_;
1380: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; }
1381: return &eval_time(&EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.duedate'));
1382: }
1383:
1384: sub answer_date {
1385: my ($partid)=@_;
1386: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; }
1387: return &eval_time(&EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.answerdate'));
1388: }
1389:
1390: sub open_date_epoch {
1391: my ($partid)=@_;
1392: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; }
1393: return &EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.opendate');
1394: }
1395:
1396: sub due_date_epoch {
1397: my ($partid)=@_;
1398: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; }
1399: return &EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.duedate');
1400: }
1401:
1402: sub answer_date_epoch {
1403: my ($partid)=@_;
1404: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; }
1405: return &EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.answerdate');
1406: }
1407:
1408: sub parameter_setting {
1409: my ($which,$partid)=@_;
1410: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; }
1411: return &EXT('resource.'.$partid.'.'.$which);
1412: }
1413:
1414: sub stored_data {
1415: my ($which,$partid)=@_;
1416: unless ($partid) { $partid=0; }
1417: return &EXT('user.resource.resource.'.$partid.'.'.$which);
1418: }
1419:
1420: sub wrong_bubbles {
1421: my ($correct,$lower,$upper,$step,@given)=@_;
1422: my @array=();
1423: my %hash=();
1424: foreach my $new (@given) {
1425: $hash{$new}=1;
1426: }
1427: my $num=int(¶meter_setting('numbubbles',¤tpart()));
1428: unless ($num) { $num=8; }
1429: if ($num>1) {
1430: for (my $i=0;$i<=500;$i++) {
1431: my $new=&random($lower,$upper,$step);
1432: if ($hash{$new}) { next; }
1433: if (abs($new-$correct)<$step) { next; }
1434: $hash{$new}=1;
1435: @array=keys(%hash);
1436: if ($#array+2>=$num) { last; }
1437: }
1438: }
1439: return @array;
1440: }
1441:
1442: sub array_moments {
1443: my @input=@_;
1444: my (@output,$N);
1445: $N=scalar (@input);
1446: $output[0]=$N;
1447: if ($N <= 1) {
1448: $output[1]=$input[0];
1449: $output[1]="Input array not defined" if ($N == 0);
1450: $output[2]="variance undefined for N<=1";
1451: $output[3]="skewness undefined for N<=1";
1452: $output[4]="kurtosis undefined for N<=1";
1453: return @output;
1454: }
1455: my $sum=0;
1456: foreach my $line (@input) {
1457: $sum+=$line;
1458: }
1459: $output[1] = $sum/$N;
1460: my ($x,$sdev,$var,$skew,$kurt) = 0;
1461: foreach my $line (@input) {
1462: $x=$line-$output[1];
1463: $var+=$x**2;
1464: $skew+=$x**3;
1465: $kurt+=$x**4;
1466: }
1467: $output[2]=$var/($N-1);
1468: $sdev=CORE::sqrt($output[2]);
1469: if ($sdev == 0) {
1470: $output[3]="inf-variance=0";
1471: $output[4]="inf-variance=0";
1472: return @output;
1473: }
1474: $output[3]=$skew/($sdev**3*$N);
1475: $output[4]=$kurt/($sdev**4*$N)-3;
1476: return @output;
1477: }
1478:
1479: sub choose {
1480: my $num = $_[0];
1481: return $_[$num];
1482: }
1483:
1484: #&sum1(1,$x,sub { &sum1($_[0],2*$_[0], sub { fact($_[0])**2 })});
1485: #sub sum1 {
1486: # my ($start,$end,$sub)=@_;
1487: # my $sum=0;
1488: # for (my $i=$start;$i<=$end;$i++) {
1489: # $sum+=&$sub($i);
1490: # }
1491: # return $sum
1492: #}
1493:
1494: #&sum2('a',1,$x,'&sum2(\'b\',$a,2*$a, \'&factorial($b)**2\')');
1495: #sub sum2 {
1496: # my ($varname,$start,$end,$line)=@_;
1497: # my $sum=0;
1498: # for (my $i=$start;$i<=$end;$i++) {
1499: # my $func=sub {
1500: # eval("\$".$varname."=$i");
1501: # eval($line);
1502: # };
1503: # $sum+=&$func($i);
1504: # }
1505: # return $sum
1506: #}
1507:
1508: # expiremental idea
1509: sub proper_path {
1510: my ($path)=@_;
1511: if ( $external::target eq "tex" ) {
1512: return '/home/httpd/html'.$path;
1513: } else {
1514: return $path;
1515: }
1516: }
1517:
1518: sub input_id {
1519: my ($part_id, $response_id, $textline_id) = @_;
1520: return 'HWVAL_'.$part_id.'_'.$response_id.'_'.$textline_id;
1521: }
1522:
FreeBSD-CVSweb <freebsd-cvsweb@FreeBSD.org>
![[BACK]](/icons/back.gif){kind=icon}
Return to default_homework.lcpm CVS log ![[TXT]](/icons/text.gif){kind=icon}
![[DIR]](/icons/dir.gif){kind=icon}
Up to [LON-CAPA] / loncom / homework