--- loncom/interface/loncommon.pm	2004/10/21 11:17:00	1.222
+++ loncom/interface/loncommon.pm	2006/09/19 21:47:32	1.457
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The LearningOnline Network with CAPA
 # a pile of common routines
 #
-# $Id: loncommon.pm,v 1.222 2004/10/21 11:17:00 foxr Exp $
+# $Id: loncommon.pm,v 1.457 2006/09/19 21:47:32 albertel Exp $
 #
 # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
 #
@@ -55,14 +55,17 @@ redundancy from other modules and increa
 package Apache::loncommon;
 
 use strict;
-use Apache::lonnet();
+use Apache::lonnet;
 use GDBM_File;
 use POSIX qw(strftime mktime);
-use Apache::Constants qw(:common :http :methods);
-use Apache::lonmsg();
 use Apache::lonmenu();
 use Apache::lonlocal;
 use HTML::Entities;
+use Apache::lonhtmlcommon();
+use Apache::loncoursedata();
+use Apache::lontexconvert();
+use Apache::lonclonecourse();
+use LONCAPA;
 
 my $readit;
 
@@ -75,7 +78,7 @@ my %language;
 my %supported_language;
 my %cprtag;
 my %scprtag;
-my %fe; my %fd;
+my %fe; my %fd; my %fm;
 my %category_extensions;
 
 # ---------------------------------------------- Designs
@@ -106,10 +109,10 @@ BEGIN {
         my $langtabfile = $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.
                                    '/language.tab';
         if ( open(my $fh,"<$langtabfile") ) {
-            while (<$fh>) {
-                next if /^\#/;
-                chomp;
-                my ($key,$two,$country,$three,$enc,$val,$sup)=(split(/\t/,$_));
+            while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+                next if ($line=~/^\#/);
+                chomp($line);
+                my ($key,$two,$country,$three,$enc,$val,$sup)=(split(/\t/,$line));
                 $language{$key}=$val.' - '.$enc;
                 if ($sup) {
                     $supported_language{$key}=$sup;
@@ -123,24 +126,24 @@ BEGIN {
         my $copyrightfile = $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonIncludes'}.
                                   '/copyright.tab';
         if ( open (my $fh,"<$copyrightfile") ) {
-            while (<$fh>) {
-                next if /^\#/;
-                chomp;
-                my ($key,$val)=(split(/\s+/,$_,2));
+            while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+                next if ($line=~/^\#/);
+                chomp($line);
+                my ($key,$val)=(split(/\s+/,$line,2));
                 $cprtag{$key}=$val;
             }
             close($fh);
         }
     }
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------ source copyrights
+# ----------------------------------------------------------- source copyrights
     {
         my $sourcecopyrightfile = $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonIncludes'}.
                                   '/source_copyright.tab';
         if ( open (my $fh,"<$sourcecopyrightfile") ) {
-            while (<$fh>) {
-                next if /^\#/;
-                chomp;
-                my ($key,$val)=(split(/\s+/,$_,2));
+            while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+                next if ($line =~ /^\#/);
+                chomp($line);
+                my ($key,$val)=(split(/\s+/,$line,2));
                 $scprtag{$key}=$val;
             }
             close($fh);
@@ -153,19 +156,20 @@ BEGIN {
     my $designdir=$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/lonDomColors';
     opendir(DIR,$designdir);
     while ($filename=readdir(DIR)) {
+	if ($filename!~/\.tab$/) { next; }
 	my ($domain)=($filename=~/^(\w+)\./);
-    {
-        my $designfile = $designdir.'/'.$filename;
-        if ( open (my $fh,"<$designfile") ) {
-            while (<$fh>) {
-                next if /^\#/;
-                chomp;
-                my ($key,$val)=(split(/\=/,$_));
-                if ($val) { $designhash{$domain.'.'.$key}=$val; }
-            }
-            close($fh);
-        }
-    }
+	{
+	    my $designfile = $designdir.'/'.$filename;
+	    if ( open (my $fh,"<$designfile") ) {
+		while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+		    next if ($line =~ /^\#/);
+		    chomp($line);
+		    my ($key,$val)=(split(/\=/,$line));
+		    if ($val) { $designhash{$domain.'.'.$key}=$val; }
+		}
+		close($fh);
+	    }
+	}
 
     }
     closedir(DIR);
@@ -176,10 +180,10 @@ BEGIN {
         my $categoryfile = $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.
                                   '/filecategories.tab';
         if ( open (my $fh,"<$categoryfile") ) {
-            while (<$fh>) {
-                next if /^\#/;
-                chomp;
-                my ($extension,$category)=(split(/\s+/,$_,2));
+	    while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+		next if ($line =~ /^\#/);
+		chomp($line);
+                my ($extension,$category)=(split(/\s+/,$line,2));
                 push @{$category_extensions{lc($category)}},$extension;
             }
             close($fh);
@@ -191,13 +195,14 @@ BEGIN {
         my $typesfile = $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.
                '/filetypes.tab';
         if ( open (my $fh,"<$typesfile") ) {
-            while (<$fh>) {
-                next if (/^\#/);
-                chomp;
-                my ($ending,$emb,$descr)=split(/\s+/,$_,3);
+            while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+		next if ($line =~ /^\#/);
+		chomp($line);
+                my ($ending,$emb,$mime,$descr)=split(/\s+/,$line,4);
                 if ($descr ne '') {
                     $fe{$ending}=lc($emb);
                     $fd{$ending}=$descr;
+                    if ($mime ne 'unk') { $fm{$ending}=$mime; }
                 }
             }
             close($fh);
@@ -252,7 +257,7 @@ of the element the selection from the se
 sub browser_and_searcher_javascript {
     my ($mode)=@_;
     if (!defined($mode)) { $mode='edit'; }
-    my $resurl=&lastresurl();
+    my $resurl=&escape_single(&lastresurl());
     return <<END;
 // <!-- BEGIN LON-CAPA Internal
     var editbrowser = null;
@@ -281,7 +286,7 @@ sub browser_and_searcher_javascript {
 	}
         url += 'element=' + elementname + '';
         var title = 'Browser';
-        var options = 'scrollbars=1,resizable=1,menubar=1,location=1';
+        var options = 'scrollbars=1,resizable=1,menubar=0,toolbar=1,location=1';
         options += ',width=700,height=600';
         editbrowser = open(url,title,options,'1');
         editbrowser.focus();
@@ -302,7 +307,7 @@ sub browser_and_searcher_javascript {
 	}
         url += 'element=' + elementname + '';
         var title = 'Search';
-        var options = 'scrollbars=1,resizable=1,menubar=0';
+        var options = 'scrollbars=1,resizable=1,menubar=0,toolbar=1,location=1';
         options += ',width=700,height=600';
         editsearcher = open(url,title,options,'1');
         editsearcher.focus();
@@ -312,8 +317,8 @@ END
 }
 
 sub lastresurl {
-    if ($ENV{'environment.lastresurl'}) {
-	return $ENV{'environment.lastresurl'}
+    if ($env{'environment.lastresurl'}) {
+	return $env{'environment.lastresurl'}
     } else {
 	return '/res';
     }
@@ -330,9 +335,12 @@ sub storeresurl {
 
 sub studentbrowser_javascript {
    unless (
-            (($ENV{'request.course.id'}) && 
-             (&Apache::lonnet::allowed('srm',$ENV{'request.course.id'})))
-         || ($ENV{'request.role'}=~/^(au|dc|su)/)
+            (($env{'request.course.id'}) && 
+             (&Apache::lonnet::allowed('srm',$env{'request.course.id'})
+	      || &Apache::lonnet::allowed('srm',$env{'request.course.id'}.
+					  '/'.$env{'request.course.sec'})
+	      ))
+         || ($env{'request.role'}=~/^(au|dc|su)/)
           ) { return ''; }  
    return (<<'ENDSTDBRW');
 <script type="text/javascript" language="Javascript" >
@@ -361,14 +369,16 @@ ENDSTDBRW
 
 sub selectstudent_link {
    my ($form,$unameele,$udomele)=@_;
-   if ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) {  
-       unless (&Apache::lonnet::allowed('srm',$ENV{'request.course.id'})) {
+   if ($env{'request.course.id'}) {  
+       if (!&Apache::lonnet::allowed('srm',$env{'request.course.id'})
+	   && !&Apache::lonnet::allowed('srm',$env{'request.course.id'}.
+					'/'.$env{'request.course.sec'})) {
 	   return '';
        }
        return "<a href='".'javascript:openstdbrowser("'.$form.'","'.$unameele.
         '","'.$udomele.'");'."'>".&mt('Select User')."</a>";
    }
-   if ($ENV{'request.role'}=~/^(au|dc|su)/) {
+   if ($env{'request.role'}=~/^(au|dc|su)/) {
        return "<a href='".'javascript:openstdbrowser("'.$form.'","'.$unameele.
         '","'.$udomele.'",1);'."'>".&mt('Select User')."</a>";
    }
@@ -377,10 +387,11 @@ sub selectstudent_link {
 
 sub coursebrowser_javascript {
     my ($domainfilter)=@_;
+    my $crs_or_grp_alert = &mt('Please select the type of LON-CAPA entity - Course or Group - for which you wish to add/modify a user role');
    return (<<ENDSTDBRW);
 <script type="text/javascript" language="Javascript" >
     var stdeditbrowser;
-    function opencrsbrowser(formname,uname,udom,desc) {
+    function opencrsbrowser(formname,uname,udom,desc,extra_element,multflag,crstype) {
         var url = '/adm/pickcourse?';
         var filter;
         if (filter != null) {
@@ -397,6 +408,27 @@ sub coursebrowser_javascript {
         url += 'form=' + formname + '&cnumelement='+uname+
 	                            '&cdomelement='+udom+
                                     '&cnameelement='+desc;
+        if (extra_element !=null && extra_element != '' && formname == 'rolechoice') {
+            url += '&roleelement='+extra_element;
+            if (domainfilter == null || domainfilter == '') {
+                url += '&domainfilter='+extra_element;
+            }
+        }
+        if (multflag !=null && multflag != '') {
+            url += '&multiple='+multflag;
+        }
+        if (crstype == 'Course/Group') {
+            if (formname == 'cu') {
+                crstype = document.cu.crstype.options[document.cu.crstype.selectedIndex].value; 
+                if (crstype == "") {
+                    alert("$crs_or_grp_alert");
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (crstype !=null && crstype != '') {
+            url += '&type='+crstype;
+        }
         var title = 'Course_Browser';
         var options = 'scrollbars=1,resizable=1,menubar=0';
         options += ',width=700,height=600';
@@ -408,11 +440,36 @@ ENDSTDBRW
 }
 
 sub selectcourse_link {
-   my ($form,$unameele,$udomele,$desc)=@_;
+   my ($form,$unameele,$udomele,$desc,$extra_element,$multflag,$selecttype)=@_;
     return "<a href='".'javascript:opencrsbrowser("'.$form.'","'.$unameele.
-        '","'.$udomele.'","'.$desc.'");'."'>".&mt('Select Course')."</a>";
+        '","'.$udomele.'","'.$desc.'","'.$extra_element.'","'.$multflag.'","'.$selecttype.'");'."'>".&mt('Select [_1]',$selecttype)."</a>";
 }
 
+sub check_uncheck_jscript {
+    my $jscript = <<"ENDSCRT";
+function checkAll(field) {
+    if (field.length > 0) {
+        for (i = 0; i < field.length; i++) {
+            field[i].checked = true ;
+        }
+    } else {
+        field.checked = true
+    }
+}
+ 
+function uncheckAll(field) {
+    if (field.length > 0) {
+        for (i = 0; i < field.length; i++) {
+            field[i].checked = false ;
+        }     } else {
+        field.checked = false ;
+    }
+}
+ENDSCRT
+    return $jscript;
+}
+
+
 =pod
 
 =item * linked_select_forms(...)
@@ -542,7 +599,7 @@ END
     $result .= "<select size=\"1\" name=\"$firstselectname\" onchange=\"select1_changed()\">\n";
     foreach my $value (sort(keys(%$hashref))) {
         $result.="    <option value=\"$value\" ";
-        $result.=" selected=\"true\" " if ($value eq $firstdefault);
+        $result.=" selected=\"selected\" " if ($value eq $firstdefault);
         $result.=">".&mt($hashref->{$value}->{'text'})."</option>\n";
     }
     $result .= "</select>\n";
@@ -552,7 +609,7 @@ END
     my $seconddefault = $hashref->{$firstdefault}->{'default'};
     foreach my $value (sort(keys(%select2))) {
         $result.="    <option value=\"$value\" ";        
-        $result.=" selected=\"true\" " if ($value eq $seconddefault);
+        $result.=" selected=\"selected\" " if ($value eq $seconddefault);
         $result.=">".&mt($select2{$value})."</option>\n";
     }
     $result .= "</select>\n";
@@ -588,8 +645,8 @@ sub help_open_topic {
     my ($topic, $text, $stayOnPage, $width, $height) = @_;
     $text = "" if (not defined $text);
     $stayOnPage = 0 if (not defined $stayOnPage);
-    if ($ENV{'browser.interface'} eq 'textual' ||
-	$ENV{'environment.remote'} eq 'off' ) {
+    if ($env{'browser.interface'} eq 'textual' ||
+	$env{'environment.remote'} eq 'off' ) {
 	$stayOnPage=1;
     }
     $width = 350 if (not defined $width);
@@ -616,14 +673,14 @@ sub help_open_topic {
     {
 	$template .= 
   "<table bgcolor='#3333AA' cellspacing='1' cellpadding='1' border='0'><tr>".
-  "<td bgcolor='#5555FF'><a href=\"$link\"><font color='#FFFFFF' size='2'>$text</font></a>";
+  "<td bgcolor='#5555FF'><a target=\"_top\" href=\"$link\"><font color='#FFFFFF' size='2'>$text</font></a>";
     }
 
     # Add the graphic
     my $title = &mt('Online Help');
     my $helpicon=&lonhttpdurl("/adm/help/gif/smallHelp.gif");
     $template .= <<"ENDTEMPLATE";
- <a href="$link" title="$title"><img src="$helpicon" border="0" alt="(Help: $topic)" /></a>
+ <a target="_top" href="$link" title="$title"><img src="$helpicon" border="0" alt="(Help: $topic)" /></a>
 ENDTEMPLATE
     if ($text ne '') { $template.='</td></tr></table>' };
     return $template;
@@ -650,85 +707,147 @@ sub helpLatexCheatsheet {
 	.'</td></tr></table>';
 }
 
-sub help_open_menu {
-    my ($color,$topic,$component_help,$function,$faq,$bug,$stayOnPage,$width,$height,$text) = @_;
-    $text = "" if (not defined $text);
-    $stayOnPage = 0 if (not defined $stayOnPage);
-    if ($ENV{'browser.interface'} eq 'textual' ||
-        $ENV{'environment.remote'} eq 'off' ) {
-        $stayOnPage=1;
+sub general_help {
+    my $helptopic='Student_Intro';
+    if ($env{'request.role'}=~/^(ca|au)/) {
+	$helptopic='Authoring_Intro';
+    } elsif ($env{'request.role'}=~/^cc/) {
+	$helptopic='Course_Coordination_Intro';
     }
-    $width = 620 if (not defined $width);
-    $height = 600 if (not defined $height);
-    my $link='';
-    my $title = &mt('Get help');
+    return $helptopic;
+}
+
+sub update_help_link {
+    my ($topic,$component_help,$faq,$bug,$stayOnPage) = @_;
     my $origurl = $ENV{'REQUEST_URI'};
+    $origurl=~s|^/~|/priv/|;
     my $timestamp = time;
-    foreach (\$color,\$function,\$topic,\$component_help,\$faq,\$bug,\$origurl) {
-        $$_ = &Apache::lonnet::escape($$_);
+    foreach my $datum (\$topic,\$component_help,\$faq,\$bug,\$origurl) {
+        $$datum = &escape($$datum);
     }
 
-    if (!$stayOnPage) {
-         $link = "javascript:helpMenu('open')";
-    } else {
-        $link = "javascript:helpMenu('display')";
-    }
-    my $banner_link = "/adm/helpmenu?page=banner&color=$color&function=$function&topic=$topic&component_help=$component_help&faq=$faq&bug=$bug&origurl=$origurl&stamp=$timestamp&stayonpage=$stayOnPage";
-    my $details_link = "/adm/helpmenu?page=body&color=$color&function=$function&topic=$topic&component_help=$component_help&faq=$faq&bug=$bug&origurl=$origurl&stamp=$timestamp";
-    my $template;
-    if ($text ne "") {
-	$template .= 
-  "<table bgcolor='#773311' cellspacing='1' cellpadding='1' border='0'><tr>".
-  "<td bgcolor='#886622'><a href=\"$link\"><font color='#FFFFFF' size='2'>$text</font></a>";
-    }
-    my $helpicon=&lonhttpdurl("/adm/lonIcons/helpgateway.gif");
-    $template .= <<"ENDTEMPLATE";
- <script type="text/javascript">
-//<!-- BEGIN LON-CAPA Internal
-function helpMenu(caller) {
-    if (caller == 'open') {
-        newWindow =  window.open("","helpmenu","HEIGHT=$height,WIDTH=$width,resize=yes,scrollbars=yes" )
-        caller = newWindow.document
-    } else {
-        caller = this.document
-    }
-    caller.write("<html><head><title>LON-CAPA Help Menu</title><meta http-equiv='pragma' content='no-cache'></head>")
-    caller.write("<frameset rows='105,*' border='0'><frame name='bannerframe'  src='$banner_link'><frame name='bodyframe' src='$details_link'></frameset>")
-    caller.write("</html>")
-    caller.close()
-    if (caller == newWindow.document) {
-        caller.focus()
-    }
+    my $banner_link = "/adm/helpmenu?page=banner&amp;topic=$topic&amp;component_help=$component_help&amp;faq=$faq&amp;bug=$bug&amp;origurl=$origurl&amp;stamp=$timestamp&amp;stayonpage=$stayOnPage";
+    my $output .= <<"ENDOUTPUT";
+<script type="text/javascript">
+banner_link = '$banner_link';
+</script>
+ENDOUTPUT
+    return $output;
 }
-// END LON-CAPA Internal -->
- </script>
- <a href="$link" title="$title"><img src="$helpicon" border="0" alt="(Help Menu)" /></a>
-ENDTEMPLATE
+
+# now just updates the help link and generates a blue icon
+sub help_open_menu {
+    my ($topic,$component_help,$faq,$bug,$stayOnPage,$width,$height,$text) 
+	= @_;
+    
+    $stayOnPage = 0 if (not defined $stayOnPage);
+    if ($env{'browser.interface'} eq 'textual' ||
+	$env{'environment.remote'} eq 'off' ) {
+	$stayOnPage=1;
+    }
+    my $output;
     if ($component_help) {
 	if (!$text) {
-	    $template=&help_open_topic($component_help,undef,$stayOnPage,
-				       $width,$height).' '.$template;
+	    $output=&help_open_topic($component_help,undef,$stayOnPage,
+				       $width,$height);
 	} else {
 	    my $help_text;
-	    $help_text=&Apache::lonnet::unescape($topic);
-	    $template='<table><tr><td>'.
+	    $help_text=&unescape($topic);
+	    $output='<table><tr><td>'.
 		&help_open_topic($component_help,$help_text,$stayOnPage,
-				 $width,$height).'</td><td>'.$template.
-				 '</td></tr></table>';
+				 $width,$height).'</td></tr></table>';
 	}
     }
-    if ($text ne '') { $template.='</td></tr></table>' };
+    my $banner_link = &update_help_link($topic,$component_help,$faq,$bug,$stayOnPage);
+    return $output.$banner_link;
+}
+
+sub top_nav_help {
+    my ($text) = @_;
+
+    $text = &mt($text);
+
+    my $stayOnPage = 
+	($env{'browser.interface'}  eq 'textual' ||
+	 $env{'environment.remote'} eq 'off' );
+    my $link=  ($stayOnPage) ? "javascript:helpMenu('display')"
+	                     : "javascript:helpMenu('open')";
+    my $banner_link = &update_help_link(undef,undef,undef,undef,$stayOnPage);
+
+    my $title = &mt('Get help');
+
+    return <<"END";
+$banner_link
+ <a href="$link" title="$title">$text</a>
+END
+}
+
+sub help_menu_js {
+    my ($text) = @_;
+
+    my $stayOnPage = 
+	($env{'browser.interface'}  eq 'textual' ||
+	 $env{'environment.remote'} eq 'off' );
+
+    my $width = 620;
+    my $height = 600;
+    my $helptopic=&general_help();
+    my $details_link = '/adm/help/'.$helptopic.'.hlp';
+    my $nothing=&Apache::lonhtmlcommon::javascript_nothing();
+    my $start_page =
+        &Apache::loncommon::start_page('Help Menu', undef,
+				       {'frameset'    => 1,
+					'js_ready'    => 1,
+					'add_entries' => {
+					    'border' => '0',
+					    'rows'   => "105,*",},});
+    my $end_page =
+        &Apache::loncommon::end_page({'frameset' => 1,
+				      'js_ready' => 1,});
+
+    my $template .= <<"ENDTEMPLATE";
+<script type="text/javascript">
+// <!-- BEGIN LON-CAPA Internal
+// <![CDATA[
+var banner_link = '';
+function helpMenu(target) {
+    var caller = this;
+    if (target == 'open') {
+        var newWindow = null;
+        try {
+            newWindow =  window.open($nothing,"helpmenu","HEIGHT=$height,WIDTH=$width,resizable=yes,scrollbars=yes" )
+        }
+        catch(error) {
+            writeHelp(caller);
+            return;
+        }
+        if (newWindow) {
+            caller = newWindow;
+        }
+    }
+    writeHelp(caller);
+    return;
+}
+function writeHelp(caller) {
+    caller.document.writeln('$start_page<frame name="bannerframe"  src="'+banner_link+'" /><frame name="bodyframe" src="$details_link" /> $end_page')
+    caller.document.close()
+    caller.focus()
+}
+// ]]>
+// END LON-CAPA Internal -->
+</script>
+ENDTEMPLATE
     return $template;
 }
 
 sub help_open_bug {
     my ($topic, $text, $stayOnPage, $width, $height) = @_;
-    unless ($ENV{'user.adv'}) { return ''; }
+    unless ($env{'user.adv'}) { return ''; }
     unless ($Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'BugzillaHost'}) { return ''; }
     $text = "" if (not defined $text);
     $stayOnPage = 0 if (not defined $stayOnPage);
-    if ($ENV{'browser.interface'} eq 'textual' ||
-	$ENV{'environment.remote'} eq 'off' ) {
+    if ($env{'browser.interface'} eq 'textual' ||
+	$env{'environment.remote'} eq 'off' ) {
 	$stayOnPage=1;
     }
     $width = 600 if (not defined $width);
@@ -737,8 +856,8 @@ sub help_open_bug {
     $topic=~s/\W+/\+/g;
     my $link='';
     my $template='';
-    my $url=$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'BugzillaHost'}.'enter_bug.cgi?product=LON-CAPA&bug_file_loc='.
-	&Apache::lonnet::escape($ENV{'REQUEST_URI'}).'&component='.$topic;
+    my $url=$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'BugzillaHost'}.'enter_bug.cgi?product=LON-CAPA&amp;bug_file_loc='.
+	&escape($ENV{'REQUEST_URI'}).'&amp;component='.$topic;
     if (!$stayOnPage)
     {
 	$link = "javascript:void(open('$url', 'Bugzilla', 'menubar=0,toolbar=1,scrollbars=1,width=$width,height=$height,resizable=yes'))";
@@ -752,14 +871,14 @@ sub help_open_bug {
     {
 	$template .= 
   "<table bgcolor='#AA3333' cellspacing='1' cellpadding='1' border='0'><tr>".
-  "<td bgcolor='#FF5555'><a href=\"$link\"><font color='#FFFFFF' size='2'>$text</font></a>";
+  "<td bgcolor='#FF5555'><a target=\"_top\" href=\"$link\"><font color='#FFFFFF' size='2'>$text</font></a>";
     }
 
     # Add the graphic
     my $title = &mt('Report a Bug');
     my $bugicon=&lonhttpdurl("/adm/lonMisc/smallBug.gif");
     $template .= <<"ENDTEMPLATE";
- <a href="$link" title="$title"><img src="$bugicon" border="0" alt="(Bug: $topic)" /></a>
+ <a target="_top" href="$link" title="$title"><img src="$bugicon" border="0" alt="(Bug: $topic)" /></a>
 ENDTEMPLATE
     if ($text ne '') { $template.='</td></tr></table>' };
     return $template;
@@ -768,12 +887,12 @@ ENDTEMPLATE
 
 sub help_open_faq {
     my ($topic, $text, $stayOnPage, $width, $height) = @_;
-    unless ($ENV{'user.adv'}) { return ''; }
+    unless ($env{'user.adv'}) { return ''; }
     unless ($Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'FAQHost'}) { return ''; }
     $text = "" if (not defined $text);
     $stayOnPage = 0 if (not defined $stayOnPage);
-    if ($ENV{'browser.interface'} eq 'textual' ||
-	$ENV{'environment.remote'} eq 'off' ) {
+    if ($env{'browser.interface'} eq 'textual' ||
+	$env{'environment.remote'} eq 'off' ) {
 	$stayOnPage=1;
     }
     $width = 350 if (not defined $width);
@@ -797,14 +916,14 @@ sub help_open_faq {
     {
 	$template .= 
   "<table bgcolor='#337733' cellspacing='1' cellpadding='1' border='0'><tr>".
-  "<td bgcolor='#448844'><a href=\"$link\"><font color='#FFFFFF' size='2'>$text</font></a>";
+  "<td bgcolor='#448844'><a target=\"_top\" href=\"$link\"><font color='#FFFFFF' size='2'>$text</font></a>";
     }
 
     # Add the graphic
     my $title = &mt('View the FAQ');
     my $faqicon=&lonhttpdurl("/adm/lonMisc/smallFAQ.gif");
     $template .= <<"ENDTEMPLATE";
- <a href="$link" title="$title"><img src="$faqicon" border="0" alt="(FAQ: $topic)" /></a>
+ <a target="_top" href="$link" title="$title"><img src="$faqicon" border="0" alt="(FAQ: $topic)" /></a>
 ENDTEMPLATE
     if ($text ne '') { $template.='</td></tr></table>' };
     return $template;
@@ -816,6 +935,98 @@ ENDTEMPLATE
 
 =pod
 
+=item * change_content_javascript():
+
+This and the next function allow you to create small sections of an
+otherwise static HTML page that you can update on the fly with
+Javascript, even in Netscape 4.
+
+The Javascript fragment returned by this function (no E<lt>scriptE<gt> tag)
+must be written to the HTML page once. It will prove the Javascript
+function "change(name, content)". Calling the change function with the
+name of the section 
+you want to update, matching the name passed to C<changable_area>, and
+the new content you want to put in there, will put the content into
+that area.
+
+B<Note>: Netscape 4 only reserves enough space for the changable area
+to contain room for the original contents. You need to "make space"
+for whatever changes you wish to make, and be B<sure> to check your
+code in Netscape 4. This feature in Netscape 4 is B<not> powerful;
+it's adequate for updating a one-line status display, but little more.
+This script will set the space to 100% width, so you only need to
+worry about height in Netscape 4.
+
+Modern browsers are much less limiting, and if you can commit to the
+user not using Netscape 4, this feature may be used freely with
+pretty much any HTML.
+
+=cut
+
+sub change_content_javascript {
+    # If we're on Netscape 4, we need to use Layer-based code
+    if ($env{'browser.type'} eq 'netscape' &&
+	$env{'browser.version'} =~ /^4\./) {
+	return (<<NETSCAPE4);
+	function change(name, content) {
+	    doc = document.layers[name+"___escape"].layers[0].document;
+	    doc.open();
+	    doc.write(content);
+	    doc.close();
+	}
+NETSCAPE4
+    } else {
+	# Otherwise, we need to use semi-standards-compliant code
+	# (technically, "innerHTML" isn't standard but the equivalent
+	# is really scary, and every useful browser supports it
+	return (<<DOMBASED);
+	function change(name, content) {
+	    element = document.getElementById(name);
+	    element.innerHTML = content;
+	}
+DOMBASED
+    }
+}
+
+=pod
+
+=item * changable_area($name, $origContent):
+
+This provides a "changable area" that can be modified on the fly via
+the Javascript code provided in C<change_content_javascript>. $name is
+the name you will use to reference the area later; do not repeat the
+same name on a given HTML page more then once. $origContent is what
+the area will originally contain, which can be left blank.
+
+=cut
+
+sub changable_area {
+    my ($name, $origContent) = @_;
+
+    if ($env{'browser.type'} eq 'netscape' &&
+	$env{'browser.version'} =~ /^4\./) {
+	# If this is netscape 4, we need to use the Layer tag
+	return "<ilayer width='100%' id='${name}___escape' overflow='none'><layer width='100%' id='$name' overflow='none'>$origContent</layer></ilayer>";
+    } else {
+	return "<span id='$name'>$origContent</span>";
+    }
+}
+
+=pod
+
+=back
+
+=head1 Excel and CSV file utility routines
+
+=over 4
+
+=cut
+
+###############################################################
+###############################################################
+
+=pod
+
 =item * csv_translate($text) 
 
 Translate $text to allow it to be output as a 'comma separated values' 
@@ -832,7 +1043,6 @@ sub csv_translate {
     return $text;
 }
 
-
 ###############################################################
 ###############################################################
 
@@ -856,6 +1066,10 @@ Currently supported formats:
 
 =item h3
 
+=item h4
+
+=item i
+
 =item date
 
 =back
@@ -878,6 +1092,8 @@ sub define_excel_formats {
     $format->{'h1'}   = $workbook->add_format(bold=>1, size=>18);
     $format->{'h2'}   = $workbook->add_format(bold=>1, size=>16);
     $format->{'h3'}   = $workbook->add_format(bold=>1, size=>14);
+    $format->{'h4'}   = $workbook->add_format(bold=>1, size=>12);
+    $format->{'i'}    = $workbook->add_format(italic=>1);
     $format->{'date'} = $workbook->add_format(num_format=>
                                             'mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss');
     return $format;
@@ -888,84 +1104,83 @@ sub define_excel_formats {
 
 =pod
 
-=item * change_content_javascript():
-
-This and the next function allow you to create small sections of an
-otherwise static HTML page that you can update on the fly with
-Javascript, even in Netscape 4.
+=item * create_workbook
 
-The Javascript fragment returned by this function (no E<lt>scriptE<gt> tag)
-must be written to the HTML page once. It will prove the Javascript
-function "change(name, content)". Calling the change function with the
-name of the section 
-you want to update, matching the name passed to C<changable_area>, and
-the new content you want to put in there, will put the content into
-that area.
+Create an Excel worksheet.  If it fails, output message on the
+request object and return undefs.
 
-B<Note>: Netscape 4 only reserves enough space for the changable area
-to contain room for the original contents. You need to "make space"
-for whatever changes you wish to make, and be B<sure> to check your
-code in Netscape 4. This feature in Netscape 4 is B<not> powerful;
-it's adequate for updating a one-line status display, but little more.
-This script will set the space to 100% width, so you only need to
-worry about height in Netscape 4.
+Inputs: Apache request object
 
-Modern browsers are much less limiting, and if you can commit to the
-user not using Netscape 4, this feature may be used freely with
-pretty much any HTML.
+Returns (undef) on failure, 
+    Excel worksheet object, scalar with filename, and formats 
+    from &Apache::loncommon::define_excel_formats on success
 
 =cut
 
-sub change_content_javascript {
-    # If we're on Netscape 4, we need to use Layer-based code
-    if ($ENV{'browser.type'} eq 'netscape' &&
-	$ENV{'browser.version'} =~ /^4\./) {
-	return (<<NETSCAPE4);
-	function change(name, content) {
-	    doc = document.layers[name+"___escape"].layers[0].document;
-	    doc.open();
-	    doc.write(content);
-	    doc.close();
-	}
-NETSCAPE4
-    } else {
-	# Otherwise, we need to use semi-standards-compliant code
-	# (technically, "innerHTML" isn't standard but the equivalent
-	# is really scary, and every useful browser supports it
-	return (<<DOMBASED);
-	function change(name, content) {
-	    element = document.getElementById(name);
-	    element.innerHTML = content;
-	}
-DOMBASED
+###############################################################
+###############################################################
+sub create_workbook {
+    my ($r) = @_;
+        #
+    # Create the excel spreadsheet
+    my $filename = '/prtspool/'.
+        $env{'user.name'}.'_'.$env{'user.domain'}.'_'.
+        time.'_'.rand(1000000000).'.xls';
+    my $workbook  = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel->new('/home/httpd'.$filename);
+    if (! defined($workbook)) {
+        $r->log_error("Error creating excel spreadsheet $filename: $!");
+        $r->print('<p>'.&mt("Unable to create new Excel file.  ".
+                            "This error has been logged.  ".
+                            "Please alert your LON-CAPA administrator").
+                  '</p>');
+        return (undef);
     }
+    #
+    $workbook->set_tempdir('/home/httpd/perl/tmp');
+    #
+    my $format = &Apache::loncommon::define_excel_formats($workbook);
+    return ($workbook,$filename,$format);
 }
 
+###############################################################
+###############################################################
+
 =pod
 
-=item * changable_area($name, $origContent):
+=item * create_text_file
 
-This provides a "changable area" that can be modified on the fly via
-the Javascript code provided in C<change_content_javascript>. $name is
-the name you will use to reference the area later; do not repeat the
-same name on a given HTML page more then once. $origContent is what
-the area will originally contain, which can be left blank.
+Create a file to write to and eventually make available to the usre.
+If file creation fails, outputs an error message on the request object and 
+return undefs.
 
-=cut
+Inputs: Apache request object, and file suffix
 
-sub changable_area {
-    my ($name, $origContent) = @_;
+Returns (undef) on failure, 
+    Filehandle and filename on success.
 
-    if ($ENV{'browser.type'} eq 'netscape' &&
-	$ENV{'browser.version'} =~ /^4\./) {
-	# If this is netscape 4, we need to use the Layer tag
-	return "<ilayer width='100%' id='${name}___escape' overflow='none'><layer width='100%' id='$name' overflow='none'>$origContent</layer></ilayer>";
-    } else {
-	return "<span id='$name'>$origContent</span>";
+=cut
+
+###############################################################
+###############################################################
+sub create_text_file {
+    my ($r,$suffix) = @_;
+    if (! defined($suffix)) { $suffix = 'txt'; };
+    my $fh;
+    my $filename = '/prtspool/'.
+        $env{'user.name'}.'_'.$env{'user.domain'}.'_'.
+        time.'_'.rand(1000000000).'.'.$suffix;
+    $fh = Apache::File->new('>/home/httpd'.$filename);
+    if (! defined($fh)) {
+        $r->log_error("Couldn't open $filename for output $!");
+        $r->print("Problems occured in creating the output file.  ".
+                  "This error has been logged.  ".
+                  "Please alert your LON-CAPA administrator.");
     }
+    return ($fh,$filename)
 }
 
-=pod
+
+=pod 
 
 =back
 
@@ -993,8 +1208,8 @@ sub get_domains {
     # The code below was stolen from "The Perl Cookbook", p 102, 1st ed.
     my @domains;
     my %seen;
-    foreach (sort values(%Apache::lonnet::hostdom)) {
-	push (@domains,$_) unless $seen{$_}++;
+    foreach my $dom (sort(values(%Apache::lonnet::hostdom))) {
+	push(@domains,$dom) unless $seen{$dom}++;
     }
     return @domains;
 }
@@ -1008,27 +1223,49 @@ sub domain_select {
     } &get_domains;
     if ($multiple) {
 	$domains{''}=&mt('Any domain');
-	return &multiple_select_form($name,$value,4,%domains);
+	return &multiple_select_form($name,$value,4,\%domains);
     } else {
 	return &select_form($name,$value,%domains);
     }
 }
 
+#-------------------------------------------
+
+=pod
+
+=item * multiple_select_form($name,$value,$size,$hash,$order)
+
+Returns a string containing a <select> element int multiple mode
+
+
+Args:
+  $name - name of the <select> element
+  $value - sclara or array ref of values that should already be selected
+  $size - number of rows long the select element is
+  $hash - the elements should be 'option' => 'shown text'
+          (shown text should already have been &mt())
+  $order - (optional) array ref of the order to show the elments in
+
+=cut
+
+#-------------------------------------------
 sub multiple_select_form {
-    my ($name,$value,$size,%hash)=@_;
+    my ($name,$value,$size,$hash,$order)=@_;
     my %selected = map { $_ => 1 } ref($value)?@{$value}:($value);
     my $output='';
     if (! defined($size)) {
         $size = 4;
-        if (scalar(keys(%hash))<4) {
-            $size = scalar(keys(%hash));
+        if (scalar(keys(%$hash))<4) {
+            $size = scalar(keys(%$hash));
         }
     }
     $output.="\n<select name='$name' size='$size' multiple='1'>";
-    foreach (sort(keys(%hash))) {
-        $output.='<option value="'.$_.'" ';
-        $output.='selected ' if ($selected{$_});
-        $output.='>'.$hash{$_}."</option>\n";
+    my @order = ref($order) ? @$order
+                            : sort(keys(%$hash));
+    foreach my $key (@order) {
+        $output.='<option value="'.&HTML::Entities::encode($key,'"<>&').'" ';
+        $output.='selected="selected" ' if ($selected{$key});
+        $output.='>'.$hash->{$key}."</option>\n";
     }
     $output.="</select>\n";
     return $output;
@@ -1056,10 +1293,11 @@ sub select_form {
     } else {
 	@keys=sort(keys(%hash));
     }
-    foreach (@keys) {
-        $selectform.="<option value=\"$_\" ".
-            ($_ eq $def ? 'selected' : '').
-                ">".&mt($hash{$_})."</option>\n";
+    foreach my $key (@keys) {
+        $selectform.=
+	    '<option value="'.&HTML::Entities::encode($key,'"<>&').'" '.
+            ($key eq $def ? 'selected="selected" ' : '').
+                ">".&mt($hash{$key})."</option>\n";
     }
     $selectform.="</select>";
     return $selectform;
@@ -1095,7 +1333,7 @@ sub select_level_form {
     my $selectform = "<select name=\"$name\" size=\"1\">\n";
     for (my $i=0; $i<=18; $i++) {
         $selectform.="<option value=\"$i\" ".
-            ($i==$deflevel ? 'selected' : '').
+            ($i==$deflevel ? 'selected="selected" ' : '').
                 ">".&gradeleveldescription($i)."</option>\n";
     }
     $selectform.="</select>";
@@ -1123,10 +1361,10 @@ sub select_dom_form {
     my @domains = get_domains();
     if ($includeempty) { @domains=('',@domains); }
     my $selectdomain = "<select name=\"$name\" size=\"1\">\n";
-    foreach (@domains) {
-        $selectdomain.="<option value=\"$_\" ".
-            ($_ eq $defdom ? 'selected' : '').
-                ">$_</option>\n";
+    foreach my $dom (@domains) {
+        $selectdomain.="<option value=\"$dom\" ".
+            ($dom eq $defdom ? 'selected="selected" ' : '').
+                ">$dom</option>\n";
     }
     $selectdomain.="</select>";
     return $selectdomain;
@@ -1148,9 +1386,9 @@ given $domain.
 sub get_library_servers {
     my $domain = shift;
     my %library_servers;
-    foreach (keys(%Apache::lonnet::libserv)) {
-        if ($Apache::lonnet::hostdom{$_} eq $domain) {
-            $library_servers{$_} = $Apache::lonnet::hostname{$_};
+    foreach my $hostid (keys(%Apache::lonnet::libserv)) {
+        if ($Apache::lonnet::hostdom{$hostid} eq $domain) {
+            $library_servers{$hostid} = $Apache::lonnet::hostname{$hostid};
         }
     }
     return %library_servers;
@@ -1172,9 +1410,10 @@ sub home_server_option_list {
     my $domain = shift;
     my %servers = &get_library_servers($domain);
     my $result = '';
-    foreach (sort keys(%servers)) {
+    foreach my $hostid (sort(keys(%servers))) {
         $result.=
-            '<option value="'.$_.'">'.$_.' '.$servers{$_}."</option>\n";
+            '<option value="'.$hostid.'">'.
+	    $hostid.' '.$servers{$hostid}."</option>\n";
     }
     return $result;
 }
@@ -1224,9 +1463,11 @@ Outputs:
 ###############################################################
 ###############################################################
 sub decode_user_agent {
+    my ($r)=@_;
     my @browsertype=split(/\&/,$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{"lonBrowsDet"});
     my %mathcap=split(/\&/,$$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{"lonMathML"});
     my $httpbrowser=$ENV{"HTTP_USER_AGENT"};
+    if (!$httpbrowser && $r) { $httpbrowser=$r->header_in('User-Agent'); }
     my $clientbrowser='unknown';
     my $clientversion='0';
     my $clientmathml='';
@@ -1422,10 +1663,11 @@ sub authform_nochange{
               kerb_def_dom => 'MSU.EDU',
               @_,
           );
-    my $result = &mt('[_1] Do not change login data',
+    my $result = '<label>'.&mt('[_1] Do not change login data',
                      '<input type="radio" name="login" value="nochange" '.
                      'checked="checked" onclick="'.
-            "javascript:changed_radio('nochange',$in{'formname'});".'" />');
+            "javascript:changed_radio('nochange',$in{'formname'});".'" />').
+	    '</label>';
     return $result;
 }
 
@@ -1457,14 +1699,15 @@ sub authform_kerberos{
     my $jscall = "javascript:changed_radio('krb',$in{'formname'});";
     my $result .= &mt
         ('[_1] Kerberos authenticated with domain [_2] '.
-         '[_3] Version 4 [_4] Version 5',
-         '<input type="radio" name="login" value="krb" '.
+         '[_3] Version 4 [_4] Version 5 [_5]',
+         '<label><input type="radio" name="login" value="krb" '.
              'onclick="'.$jscall.'" onchange="'.$jscall.'"'.$krbcheck.' />',
-         '<input type="text" size="10" name="krbarg" '.
+         '</label><input type="text" size="10" name="krbarg" '.
              'value="'.$krbarg.'" '.
              'onchange="'.$jscall.'" />',
-         '<input type="radio" name="krbver" value="4" '.$check4.' />',
-         '<input type="radio" name="krbver" value="5" '.$check5.' />');
+         '<label><input type="radio" name="krbver" value="4" '.$check4.' />',
+         '</label><label><input type="radio" name="krbver" value="5" '.$check5.' />',
+	 '</label>');
     return $result;
 }
 
@@ -1489,9 +1732,9 @@ sub authform_internal{
     my $jscall = "javascript:changed_radio('int',$args{'formname'});";
     my $result.=&mt
         ('[_1] Internally authenticated (with initial password [_2])',
-         '<input type="radio" name="login" value="int" '.$intcheck.
+         '<label><input type="radio" name="login" value="int" '.$intcheck.
              ' onchange="'.$jscall.'" onclick="'.$jscall.'" />',
-         '<input type="text" size="10" name="intarg" '.$intarg.
+         '</label><input type="text" size="10" name="intarg" '.$intarg.
              ' onchange="'.$jscall.'" />');
     return $result;
 }
@@ -1516,9 +1759,9 @@ sub authform_local{
 
     my $jscall = "javascript:changed_radio('loc',$in{'formname'});";
     my $result.=&mt('[_1] Local Authentication with argument [_2]',
-                    '<input type="radio" name="login" value="loc" '.$loccheck.
+                    '<label><input type="radio" name="login" value="loc" '.$loccheck.
                         ' onchange="'.$jscall.'" onclick="'.$jscall.'" />',
-                    '<input type="text" size="10" name="locarg" '.$locarg.
+                    '</label><input type="text" size="10" name="locarg" '.$locarg.
                         ' onchange="'.$jscall.'" />');
     return $result;
 }
@@ -1532,9 +1775,9 @@ sub authform_filesystem{
     my $jscall = "javascript:changed_radio('fsys',$in{'formname'});";
     my $result.= &mt
         ('[_1] Filesystem Authenticated (with initial password [_2])',
-         '<input type="radio" name="login" value="fsys" '.
+         '<label><input type="radio" name="login" value="fsys" '.
          'onchange="'.$jscall.'" onclick="'.$jscall.'" />',
-         '<input type="text" size="10" name="fsysarg" value="" '.
+         '</label><input type="text" size="10" name="fsysarg" value="" '.
                   'onchange="'.$jscall.'" />');
     return $result;
 }
@@ -1660,8 +1903,8 @@ sub initialize_keywords {
     }
     untie %thesaurus_db;
     # Remove special values from %Keywords.
-    foreach ('total.count','average.count') {
-        delete($Keywords{$_}) if (exists($Keywords{$_}));
+    foreach my $value ('total.count','average.count') {
+        delete($Keywords{$value}) if (exists($Keywords{$value}));
     }
     return 1;
 }
@@ -1716,12 +1959,20 @@ sub get_related_words {
         return ();
     } 
     my @Words=();
+    my $count=0;
     if (exists($thesaurus_db{$keyword})) {
-        $_ = $thesaurus_db{$keyword};
-        (undef,@Words) = split/:/;  # The first element is the number of times
-                                    # the word appears.  We do not need it now.
-        for (my $i=0;$i<=$#Words;$i++) {
-            ($Words[$i],undef)= split/\,/,$Words[$i];
+	# The first element is the number of times
+	# the word appears.  We do not need it now.
+	my (undef,@RelatedWords) = (split(/:/,$thesaurus_db{$keyword}));
+	my (undef,$mostfrequentcount)=split(/\,/,$RelatedWords[0]);
+	my $threshold=$mostfrequentcount/10;
+        foreach my $possibleword (@RelatedWords) {
+            my ($word,$wordcount)=split(/\,/,$possibleword);
+            if ($wordcount>$threshold) {
+		push(@Words,$word);
+                $count++;
+                if ($count>10) { last; }
+	    }
         }
     }
     untie %thesaurus_db;
@@ -1741,24 +1992,28 @@ sub get_related_words {
 
 =over 4
 
-=item * plainname($uname,$udom)
+=item * plainname($uname,$udom,$first)
 
 Takes a users logon name and returns it as a string in
-"first middle last generation" form
+"first middle last generation" form 
+if $first is set to 'lastname' then it returns it as
+'lastname generation, firstname middlename' if their is a lastname
 
 =cut
 
+
 ###############################################################
 sub plainname {
-    my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
-    my %names=&Apache::lonnet::get('environment',
-                    ['firstname','middlename','lastname','generation'],
-					 $udom,$uname);
-    my $name=$names{'firstname'}.' '.$names{'middlename'}.' '.
-	$names{'lastname'}.' '.$names{'generation'};
+    my ($uname,$udom,$first)=@_;
+    my %names=&getnames($uname,$udom);
+    my $name=&Apache::lonnet::format_name($names{'firstname'},
+					  $names{'middlename'},
+					  $names{'lastname'},
+					  $names{'generation'},$first);
+    $name=~s/^\s+//;
     $name=~s/\s+$//;
     $name=~s/\s+/ /g;
-    if ($name !~ /\S/) { $name=$uname.'@'.$udom; }
+    if ($name !~ /\S/) { $name=$uname.':'.$udom; }
     return $name;
 }
 
@@ -1781,19 +2036,7 @@ if the user does not
 
 sub nickname {
     my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
-    my %names;
-    if ($uname eq $ENV{'user.name'} &&
-	$udom eq $ENV{'user.domain'}) {
-	%names=('nickname'   => $ENV{'environment.nickname'}  ,
-		'firstname'  => $ENV{'environment.firstname'} ,
-		'middlename' => $ENV{'environment.middlename'},
-		'lastname'   => $ENV{'environment.lastname'}  ,
-		'generation' => $ENV{'environment.generation'});
-    } else {
-	%names=&Apache::lonnet::get('environment',
-				    ['nickname','firstname','middlename',
-				     'lastname','generation'],$udom,$uname);
-    }
+    my %names=&getnames($uname,$udom);
     my $name=$names{'nickname'};
     if ($name) {
        $name='&quot;'.$name.'&quot;'; 
@@ -1806,6 +2049,23 @@ sub nickname {
     return $name;
 }
 
+sub getnames {
+    my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
+    if ($udom eq 'public' && $uname eq 'public') {
+	return ('lastname' => &mt('Public'));
+    }
+    my $id=$uname.':'.$udom;
+    my ($names,$cached)=&Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new('namescache',$id);
+    if ($cached) {
+	return %{$names};
+    } else {
+	my %loadnames=&Apache::lonnet::get('environment',
+                    ['firstname','middlename','lastname','generation','nickname'],
+					 $udom,$uname);
+	&Apache::lonnet::do_cache_new('namescache',$id,\%loadnames);
+	return %loadnames;
+    }
+}
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ Screenname
 
@@ -1819,8 +2079,8 @@ Gets a users screenname and returns it a
 
 sub screenname {
     my ($uname,$udom)=@_;
-    if ($uname eq $ENV{'user.name'} &&
-	$udom eq $ENV{'user.domain'}) {return $ENV{'environment.screenname'};}
+    if ($uname eq $env{'user.name'} &&
+	$udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {return $env{'environment.screenname'};}
     my %names=&Apache::lonnet::get('environment',['screenname'],$udom,$uname);
     return $names{'screenname'};
 }
@@ -1829,10 +2089,11 @@ sub screenname {
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- Message Wrapper
 
 sub messagewrapper {
-    my ($link,$username,$domain)=@_;
+    my ($link,$username,$domain,$subject,$text)=@_;
     return 
-        '<a href="/adm/email?compose=individual&'.
-        'recname='.$username.'&recdom='.$domain.'" '.
+        '<a href="/adm/email?compose=individual&amp;'.
+        'recname='.$username.'&amp;recdom='.$domain.
+	'&amp;subject='.&escape($subject).'&amp;text='.&escape($text).'" '.
         'title="'.&mt('Send message').'">'.$link.'</a>';
 }
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- Notes Wrapper
@@ -1846,8 +2107,11 @@ sub noteswrapper {
 
 sub aboutmewrapper {
     my ($link,$username,$domain,$target)=@_;
+    if (!defined($username)  && !defined($domain)) {
+        return;
+    }
     return '<a href="/adm/'.$domain.'/'.$username.'/aboutme"'.
-	($target?' target="$target"':'').' title="'.&mt('View this users personal page').'">'.$link.'</a>';
+	($target?' target="$target"':'').' title="'.&mt("View this user's personal page").'">'.$link.'</a>';
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------ Syllabus Wrapper
@@ -1862,24 +2126,25 @@ sub syllabuswrapper {
 }
 
 sub track_student_link {
-    my ($linktext,$sname,$sdom,$target) = @_;
-    my $link ="/adm/trackstudent";
+    my ($linktext,$sname,$sdom,$target,$start) = @_;
+    my $link ="/adm/trackstudent?";
     my $title = 'View recent activity';
     if (defined($sname) && $sname !~ /^\s*$/ &&
         defined($sdom)  && $sdom  !~ /^\s*$/) {
-        $link .= "?selected_student=$sname:$sdom";
+        $link .= "selected_student=$sname:$sdom";
         $title .= ' of this student';
-    }
+    } 
     if (defined($target) && $target !~ /^\s*$/) {
         $target = qq{target="$target"};
     } else {
         $target = '';
     }
-    return qq{<a href="$link" title="$title" $target>$linktext</a>};
+    if ($start) { $link.='&amp;start='.$start; }
+    
+    return qq{<a href="$link" title="$title" $target>$linktext</a>}.
+	&help_open_topic('View_recent_activity');
 }
 
-
-
 =pod
 
 =back
@@ -1993,7 +2258,8 @@ category
 =cut
 
 sub filecategorytypes {
-    return @{$category_extensions{lc($_[0])}};
+    my ($cat) = @_;
+    return @{$category_extensions{lc($cat)}};
 }
 
 =pod
@@ -2008,6 +2274,10 @@ sub fileembstyle {
     return $fe{lc(shift(@_))};
 }
 
+sub filemimetype {
+    return $fm{lc(shift(@_))};
+}
+
 
 sub filecategoryselect {
     my ($name,$value)=@_;
@@ -2064,13 +2334,13 @@ sub fileextensions {
 
 sub display_languages {
     my %languages=();
-    foreach (&preferred_languages()) {
-	$languages{$_}=1;
+    foreach my $lang (&preferred_languages()) {
+	$languages{$lang}=1;
     }
     &get_unprocessed_cgi($ENV{'QUERY_STRING'},['displaylanguage']);
-    if ($ENV{'form.displaylanguage'}) {
-	foreach (split(/\s*(\,|\;|\:)\s*/,$ENV{'form.displaylanguage'})) {
-	    $languages{$_}=1;
+    if ($env{'form.displaylanguage'}) {
+	foreach my $lang (split(/\s*(\,|\;|\:)\s*/,$env{'form.displaylanguage'})) {
+	    $languages{$lang}=1;
         }
     }
     return %languages;
@@ -2078,24 +2348,24 @@ sub display_languages {
 
 sub preferred_languages {
     my @languages=();
-    if ($ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.languages'}) {
+    if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.languages'}) {
 	@languages=(@languages,split(/\s*(\,|\;|\:)\s*/,
-	         $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.languages'}));
+	         $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.languages'}));
     }
-    if ($ENV{'environment.languages'}) {
-	@languages=split(/\s*(\,|\;|\:)\s*/,$ENV{'environment.languages'});
+    if ($env{'environment.languages'}) {
+	@languages=split(/\s*(\,|\;|\:)\s*/,$env{'environment.languages'});
     }
     my $browser=(split(/\;/,$ENV{'HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'}))[0];
     if ($browser) {
 	@languages=(@languages,split(/\s*(\,|\;|\:)\s*/,$browser));
     }
-    if ($Apache::lonnet::domain_lang_def{$ENV{'user.domain'}}) {
+    if ($Apache::lonnet::domain_lang_def{$env{'user.domain'}}) {
 	@languages=(@languages,
-		$Apache::lonnet::domain_lang_def{$ENV{'user.domain'}});
+		$Apache::lonnet::domain_lang_def{$env{'user.domain'}});
     }
-    if ($Apache::lonnet::domain_lang_def{$ENV{'request.role.domain'}}) {
+    if ($Apache::lonnet::domain_lang_def{$env{'request.role.domain'}}) {
 	@languages=(@languages,
-		$Apache::lonnet::domain_lang_def{$ENV{'request.role.domain'}});
+		$Apache::lonnet::domain_lang_def{$env{'request.role.domain'}});
     }
     if ($Apache::lonnet::domain_lang_def{
 	                          $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonDefDomain'}}) {
@@ -2105,11 +2375,11 @@ sub preferred_languages {
     }
 # turn "en-ca" into "en-ca,en"
     my @genlanguages;
-    foreach (@languages) {
-	unless ($_=~/\w/) { next; }
-	push (@genlanguages,$_);
-	if ($_=~/(\-|\_)/) {
-	    push (@genlanguages,(split(/(\-|\_)/,$_))[0]);
+    foreach my $lang (@languages) {
+	unless ($lang=~/\w/) { next; }
+	push (@genlanguages,$lang);
+	if ($lang=~/(\-|\_)/) {
+	    push(@genlanguages,(split(/(\-|\_)/,$lang))[0]);
 	}
     }
     return @genlanguages;
@@ -2165,14 +2435,14 @@ sub get_previous_attempt {
       my %lasthash=();
       my $version;
       for ($version=1;$version<=$returnhash{'version'};$version++) {
-        foreach (sort(split(/\:/,$returnhash{$version.':keys'}))) {
-	  $lasthash{$_}=$returnhash{$version.':'.$_};
+        foreach my $key (sort(split(/\:/,$returnhash{$version.':keys'}))) {
+	  $lasthash{$key}=$returnhash{$version.':'.$key};
         }
       }
       $prevattempts='<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td bgcolor="#777777">';
       $prevattempts.='<table border="0" width="100%"><tr bgcolor="#e6ffff"><td>History</td>';
-      foreach (sort(keys %lasthash)) {
-	my ($ign,@parts) = split(/\./,$_);
+      foreach my $key (sort(keys(%lasthash))) {
+	my ($ign,@parts) = split(/\./,$key);
 	if ($#parts > 0) {
 	  my $data=$parts[-1];
 	  pop(@parts);
@@ -2188,27 +2458,27 @@ sub get_previous_attempt {
       if ($getattempt eq '') {
 	for ($version=1;$version<=$returnhash{'version'};$version++) {
 	  $prevattempts.='</tr><tr bgcolor="#ffffe6"><td>Transaction '.$version.'</td>';
-	    foreach (sort(keys %lasthash)) {
+	    foreach my $key (sort(keys(%lasthash))) {
 	       my $value;
-	       if ($_ =~ /timestamp/) {
-		  $value=scalar(localtime($returnhash{$version.':'.$_}));
+	       if ($key =~ /timestamp/) {
+		  $value=scalar(localtime($returnhash{$version.':'.$key}));
 	       } else {
-		  $value=$returnhash{$version.':'.$_};
+		  $value=$returnhash{$version.':'.$key};
 	       }
-	       $prevattempts.='<td>'.&Apache::lonnet::unescape($value).'&nbsp;</td>';   
+	       $prevattempts.='<td>'.&unescape($value).'&nbsp;</td>';   
 	    }
 	 }
       }
       $prevattempts.='</tr><tr bgcolor="#ffffe6"><td>Current</td>';
-      foreach (sort(keys %lasthash)) {
+      foreach my $key (sort(keys(%lasthash))) {
 	my $value;
-	if ($_ =~ /timestamp/) {
-	  $value=scalar(localtime($lasthash{$_}));
+	if ($key =~ /timestamp/) {
+	  $value=scalar(localtime($lasthash{$key}));
 	} else {
-	  $value=$lasthash{$_};
+	  $value=$lasthash{$key};
 	}
-	$value=&Apache::lonnet::unescape($value);
-	if ($_ =~/$regexp$/ && (defined &$gradesub)) {$value = &$gradesub($value)}
+	$value=&unescape($value);
+	if ($key =~/$regexp$/ && (defined &$gradesub)) {$value = &$gradesub($value)}
 	$prevattempts.='<td>'.$value.'&nbsp;</td>';
       }
       $prevattempts.='</tr></table></td></tr></table>';
@@ -2240,14 +2510,14 @@ sub relative_to_absolute {
 	}
     }
     $thisdir=~s-/[^/]*$--;
-    foreach (@rlinks) {
-	unless (($_=~/^http:\/\//i) ||
-		($_=~/^\//) ||
-		($_=~/^javascript:/i) ||
-		($_=~/^mailto:/i) ||
-		($_=~/^\#/)) {
-	    my $newlocation=&Apache::lonnet::hreflocation($thisdir,$_);
-	    $output=~s/(\"|\'|\=\s*)$_(\"|\'|\s|\>)/$1$newlocation$2/;
+    foreach my $link (@rlinks) {
+	unless (($link=~/^http:\/\//i) ||
+		($link=~/^\//) ||
+		($link=~/^javascript:/i) ||
+		($link=~/^mailto:/i) ||
+		($link=~/^\#/)) {
+	    my $newlocation=&Apache::lonnet::hreflocation($thisdir,$link);
+	    $output=~s/(\"|\'|\=\s*)\Q$link\E(\"|\'|\s|\>)/$1$newlocation$2/;
 	}
     }
 # -------------------------------------------------- Deal with Applet codebases
@@ -2274,7 +2544,7 @@ sub get_student_view {
   if (defined($moreenv)) {
       %form=(%form,%{$moreenv});
   }
-  if ($target eq 'tex') {$form{'grade_target'} = 'tex';}
+  if (defined($target)) { $form{'grade_target'} = $target; }
   $feedurl=&Apache::lonnet::clutter($feedurl);
   my $userview=&Apache::lonnet::ssi_body($feedurl,%form);
   $userview=~s/\<body[^\>]*\>//gi;
@@ -2314,7 +2584,7 @@ sub get_student_answers {
 
 =item * &submlink()
 
-Inputs: $text $uname $udom $symb
+Inputs: $text $uname $udom $symb $target
 
 Returns: A link to grades.pm such as to see the SUBM view of a student
 
@@ -2322,15 +2592,64 @@ Returns: A link to grades.pm such as to
 
 ###############################################
 sub submlink {
-    my ($text,$uname,$udom,$symb)=@_;
+    my ($text,$uname,$udom,$symb,$target)=@_;
     if (!($uname && $udom)) {
 	(my $cursymb, my $courseid,$udom,$uname)=
 	    &Apache::lonxml::whichuser($symb);
 	if (!$symb) { $symb=$cursymb; }
     }
-    if (!$symb) { $symb=&symbread(); }
-    return '<a href="/adm/grades?symb='.$symb.'&student='.$uname.
-	'&userdom='.$udom.'&command=submission">'.$text.'</a>';
+    if (!$symb) { $symb=&Apache::lonnet::symbread(); }
+    $symb=&escape($symb);
+    if ($target) { $target="target=\"$target\""; }
+    return '<a href="/adm/grades?&command=submission&'.
+	'symb='.$symb.'&student='.$uname.
+	'&userdom='.$udom.'" '.$target.'>'.$text.'</a>';
+}
+##############################################
+
+=pod
+
+=item * &pgrdlink()
+
+Inputs: $text $uname $udom $symb $target
+
+Returns: A link to grades.pm such as to see the PGRD view of a student
+
+=cut
+
+###############################################
+sub pgrdlink {
+    my $link=&submlink(@_);
+    $link=~s/(&command=submission)/$1&showgrading=yes/;
+    return $link;
+}
+##############################################
+
+=pod
+
+=item * &pprmlink()
+
+Inputs: $text $uname $udom $symb $target
+
+Returns: A link to parmset.pm such as to see the PPRM view of a
+student and a specific resource
+
+=cut
+
+###############################################
+sub pprmlink {
+    my ($text,$uname,$udom,$symb,$target)=@_;
+    if (!($uname && $udom)) {
+	(my $cursymb, my $courseid,$udom,$uname)=
+	    &Apache::lonxml::whichuser($symb);
+	if (!$symb) { $symb=$cursymb; }
+    }
+    if (!$symb) { $symb=&Apache::lonnet::symbread(); }
+    $symb=&escape($symb);
+    if ($target) { $target="target=\"$target\""; }
+    return '<a href="/adm/parmset?&command=set&'.
+	'symb='.$symb.'&uname='.$uname.
+	'&udom='.$udom.'" '.$target.'>'.$text.'</a>';
 }
 ##############################################
 
@@ -2356,6 +2675,11 @@ sub timehash {
              'dlsav'   => $ltime[8] );
 }
 
+sub utc_string {
+    my ($date)=@_;
+    return strftime("%Y%m%dT%H%M%SZ",gmtime($date));
+}
+
 sub maketime {
     my %th=@_;
     return POSIX::mktime(
@@ -2366,11 +2690,17 @@ sub maketime {
 #########################################
 
 sub findallcourses {
-    my %courses=();
+    my ($roles) = @_;
+    my %roles;
+    if (ref($roles)) { %roles = map { $_ => 1 } @{$roles}; }
+    my %courses;
     my $now=time;
-    foreach (keys %ENV) {
-	if ($_=~/^user\.role\.\w+\.\/(\w+)\/(\w+)/) {
-	    my ($starttime,$endtime)=$ENV{$_};
+    foreach my $key (keys(%env)) {
+	if ( $key=~m{^user\.role\.(\w+)\./(\w+)/(\w+)} ) {
+	    my ($role,$domain,$id) = ($1,$2,$3);
+	    next if ($role eq 'ca' || $role eq 'aa');
+	    next if (%roles && !exists($roles{$role}));
+	    my ($starttime,$endtime)=split(/\./,$env{$key});
             my $active=1;
             if ($starttime) {
 		if ($now<$starttime) { $active=0; }
@@ -2378,10 +2708,10 @@ sub findallcourses {
             if ($endtime) {
                 if ($now>$endtime) { $active=0; }
             }
-            if ($active) { $courses{$1.'_'.$2}=1; }
+            if ($active) { $courses{$domain.'_'.$id}=1; }
         }
     }
-    return keys %courses;
+    return keys(%courses);
 }
 
 ###############################################
@@ -2407,9 +2737,9 @@ sub determinedomain {
    if (! $domain) {
         # Determine domain if we have not been given one
         $domain = $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonDefDomain'};
-        if ($ENV{'user.domain'}) { $domain=$ENV{'user.domain'}; }
-        if ($ENV{'request.role.domain'}) { 
-            $domain=$ENV{'request.role.domain'}; 
+        if ($env{'user.domain'}) { $domain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
+        if ($env{'request.role.domain'}) { 
+            $domain=$env{'request.role.domain'}; 
         }
     }
     return $domain;
@@ -2451,10 +2781,11 @@ Returns: value of designparamter $which
 
 =cut
 
+
 ##############################################
 sub designparm {
     my ($which,$domain)=@_;
-    if ($ENV{'browser.blackwhite'} eq 'on') {
+    if ($env{'browser.blackwhite'} eq 'on') {
 	if ($which=~/\.(font|alink|vlink|link)$/) {
 	    return '#000000';
 	}
@@ -2465,11 +2796,11 @@ sub designparm {
 	    return '#CCCCCC';
 	}
     }
-    if ($ENV{'environment.color.'.$which}) {
-	return $ENV{'environment.color.'.$which};
+    if (exists($env{'environment.color.'.$which})) {
+	return $env{'environment.color.'.$which};
     }
     $domain=&determinedomain($domain);
-    if ($designhash{$domain.'.'.$which}) {
+    if (exists($designhash{$domain.'.'.$which})) {
 	return $designhash{$domain.'.'.$which};
     } else {
         return $designhash{'default.'.$which};
@@ -2508,6 +2839,20 @@ Inputs:
 =item * $forcereg, if page should register as content page (relevant for 
             text interface only)
 
+=item * $customtitle, alternate text to use instead of $title
+                      in the title box that appears, this text
+                      is not auto translated like the $title is
+
+=item * $notopbar, if true, keep the 'what is this' info but remove the
+                   navigational links
+
+=item * $bgcolor, used to override the bgcolor on a webpage to a specific value
+
+=item * $notitle, if true keep the nav controls, but remove the title bar
+
+=item * $no_inline_link, if true and in remote mode, don't show the 
+         'Switch To Inline Menu' link
+
 =back
 
 Returns: A uniform header for LON-CAPA web pages.  
@@ -2518,115 +2863,1255 @@ other decorations will be returned.
 =cut
 
 sub bodytag {
-    my ($title,$function,$addentries,$bodyonly,$domain,$forcereg)=@_;
+    my ($title,$function,$addentries,$bodyonly,$domain,$forcereg,$customtitle,
+	$notopbar,$bgcolor,$notitle,$no_inline_link)=@_;
+
     $title=&mt($title);
+
     $function = &get_users_function() if (!$function);
-    my $img=&designparm($function.'.img',$domain);
-    my $pgbg=&designparm($function.'.pgbg',$domain);
-    my $tabbg=&designparm($function.'.tabbg',$domain);
-    my $font=&designparm($function.'.font',$domain);
-    my $link=&designparm($function.'.link',$domain);
-    my $alink=&designparm($function.'.alink',$domain);
-    my $vlink=&designparm($function.'.vlink',$domain);
-    my $sidebg=&designparm($function.'.sidebg',$domain);
-# Accessibility font enhance
-    unless ($addentries) { $addentries=''; }
-    my $addstyle='';
-    if ($ENV{'browser.fontenhance'} eq 'on') {
-	$addstyle=' font-size: x-large;';
-    }
+    my $img =    &designparm($function.'.img',$domain);
+    my $font =   &designparm($function.'.font',$domain);
+    my $pgbg   = $bgcolor || &designparm($function.'.pgbg',$domain);
+
+    my %design = ( 'style'   => 'margin-top: 0px',
+		   'bgcolor' => $pgbg,
+		   'text'    => $font,
+                   'alink'   => &designparm($function.'.alink',$domain),
+		   'vlink'   => &designparm($function.'.vlink',$domain),
+		   'link'    => &designparm($function.'.link',$domain),);
+    @design{keys(%$addentries)} = @$addentries{keys(%$addentries)}; 
+
  # role and realm
-    my ($role,$realm)
-       =&Apache::lonnet::plaintext((split(/\./,$ENV{'request.role'}))[0]);
+    my ($role,$realm) = split(/\./,$env{'request.role'},2);
+    if ($role  eq 'ca') {
+        my ($rdom,$rname) = ($realm =~ m-^/(\w+)/(\w+)$-);
+        $realm = &plainname($rname,$rdom).':'.$rdom;
+    } 
 # realm
-    if ($ENV{'request.course.id'}) {
-	$realm=
-         $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.description'};
+    if ($env{'request.course.id'}) {
+        if ($env{'request.role'} !~ /^cr/) {
+            $role = &Apache::lonnet::plaintext($role,&course_type());
+        }
+	$realm = $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.description'};
+    } else {
+        $role = &Apache::lonnet::plaintext($role);
     }
-    unless ($realm) { $realm='&nbsp;'; }
+
+    if (!$realm) { $realm='&nbsp;'; }
 # Set messages
     my $messages=&domainlogo($domain);
 # Port for miniserver
     my $lonhttpdPort=$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonhttpdPort'};
     if (!defined($lonhttpdPort)) { $lonhttpdPort='8080'; }
+
+    my $extra_body_attr = &make_attr_string($forcereg,\%design);
+
 # construct main body tag
-    my $bodytag = <<END;
-<style>
-h1, h2, h3, th { font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif }
-a:focus { color: red; background: yellow } 
-</style>
-<body bgcolor="$pgbg" text="$font" alink="$alink" vlink="$vlink" link="$link"
-style="margin-top: 0px;$addstyle" $addentries>
-END
-    my $upperleft='<img src="http://'.$ENV{'HTTP_HOST'}.':'.
-                   $lonhttpdPort.$img.'" alt="'.$function.'" />';
-    if ($bodyonly) {
+    my $bodytag = "<body $extra_body_attr>".
+	&Apache::lontexconvert::init_math_support();
+
+    if ($bodyonly 
+	|| ($env{'request.state'} eq 'construct' 
+	    && $env{'environment.remote'} ne 'off' )) {
         return $bodytag;
-    } elsif ($ENV{'browser.interface'} eq 'textual') {
+    } elsif ($env{'browser.interface'} eq 'textual') {
 # Accessibility
-        return $bodytag.&Apache::lonmenu::menubuttons($forcereg,'web',
-                                                      $forcereg).
-               '<h1>LON-CAPA: '.$title.'</h1>';
-    } elsif ($ENV{'environment.remote'} eq 'off') {
-# No Remote
-	my $roleinfo=(<<ENDROLE);
-<td bgcolor="$tabbg" align="right">
-<p>
-<font size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
-    $ENV{'environment.firstname'}
-    $ENV{'environment.middlename'}
-    $ENV{'environment.lastname'}
-    $ENV{'environment.generation'}
-    </font>&nbsp;
-<br />
-<font size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">$role</font>&nbsp;
-<br />
-<font size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">$realm</font>&nbsp;
-</p>
+          
+	$bodytag.=&Apache::lonmenu::menubuttons($forcereg,$forcereg);
+	if (!$notitle) {
+	    $bodytag.='<h1>LON-CAPA: '.$title.'</h1>';
+	}
+	return $bodytag;
+    }
+
+    my $name = &plainname($env{'user.name'},$env{'user.domain'});
+    if ($env{'user.name'} eq 'public' && $env{'user.domain'} eq 'public') {
+	undef($role);
+    } else {
+	$name = &aboutmewrapper($name,$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.domain'});
+    }
+    
+    my $roleinfo=(<<ENDROLE);
+<td class="LC_title_bar_who">
+<div class="LC_title_bar_name">
+    $name
+    &nbsp;
+</div>
+<div class="LC_title_bar_role">
+$role&nbsp;
+</div>
+<div class="LC_title_bar_realm">
+$realm&nbsp;
+</div>
 </td>
 ENDROLE
-        return $bodytag.&Apache::lonmenu::menubuttons($forcereg,'web',
-                                                      $forcereg).
-      '<table bgcolor="'.$pgbg.'" width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="3" cellpadding="3"><tr><td rowspan="3" bgcolor="'.$tabbg.'"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="+3" color="'.$font.'"><b>'.$title.
-'</b></font></td>'.$roleinfo.'</tr></table>';
+
+    my $titleinfo = '<span class="LC_title_bar_title">'.$title.'</span>';
+    if ($customtitle) {
+        $titleinfo = $customtitle;
+    }
+    #
+    # Extra info if you are the DC
+    my $dc_info = '';
+    if ($env{'user.adv'} && exists($env{'user.role.dc./'.
+                        $env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.
+                                 '.domain'}.'/'})) {
+        my $cid = $env{'request.course.id'};
+        $dc_info.= $cid.' '.$env{'course.'.$cid.'.internal.coursecode'};
+        $dc_info =~ s/\s+$//;
+        $dc_info = '('.$dc_info.')';
+    }
+
+    if ($env{'environment.remote'} eq 'off') {
+        # No Remote
+	if ($env{'request.state'} eq 'construct') {
+	    $forcereg=1;
+	}
+
+	if (!$customtitle && $env{'request.state'} eq 'construct') {
+	    # this is for resources; directories have customtitle, and crumbs
+            # and select recent are created in lonpubdir.pm  
+	    my ($uname,$thisdisfn)=
+		($env{'request.filename'} =~ m|^/home/([^/]+)/public_html/(.*)|);
+	    my $formaction='/priv/'.$uname.'/'.$thisdisfn;
+	    $formaction=~s/\/+/\//g;
+
+	    my $parentpath = '';
+	    my $lastitem = '';
+	    if ($thisdisfn =~ m-(.+/)([^/]*)$-) {
+		$parentpath = $1;
+		$lastitem = $2;
+	    } else {
+		$lastitem = $thisdisfn;
+	    }
+	    $titleinfo = 
+		&Apache::loncommon::help_open_menu('','',3,'Authoring').
+		'<b>Construction Space</b>:&nbsp;'. 
+		'<form name="dirs" method="post" action="'.$formaction
+		.'" target="_top"><tt><b>'
+		.&Apache::lonhtmlcommon::crumbs($uname.'/'.$parentpath,'_top','/priv','','+1',1)."<font size=\"+1\">$lastitem</font></b></tt><br />"
+		.&Apache::lonhtmlcommon::select_recent('construct','recent','this.form.action=this.form.recent.value;this.form.submit()')
+		.'</form>'
+		.&Apache::lonmenu::constspaceform();
+        }
+
+        my $titletable;
+	if (!$notitle) {
+	    $titletable =
+		'<table id="LC_title_bar">'.
+                         "<tr><td> $titleinfo $dc_info</td>".$roleinfo.
+			 '</tr></table>';
+	}
+	if ($notopbar) {
+	    $bodytag .= $titletable;
+	} else {
+	    if ($env{'request.state'} eq 'construct') {
+                $bodytag .= &Apache::lonmenu::menubuttons($forcereg,$forcereg,
+							  $titletable);
+            } else {
+                $bodytag .= &Apache::lonmenu::menubuttons($forcereg,$forcereg).
+		    $titletable;
+            }
+        }
+        return $bodytag;
     }
 
 #
 # Top frame rendering, Remote is up
 #
+
+    my $upperleft='<img src="http://'.$ENV{'HTTP_HOST'}.':'.
+        $lonhttpdPort.$img.'" alt="'.$function.'" />';
+
+    # Explicit link to get inline menu
+    my $menu= ($no_inline_link?''
+	       :'<br /><a href="/adm/remote?action=collapse">'.&mt('Switch to Inline Menu Mode').'</a>');
+    #
+    if ($notitle) {
+	return $bodytag;
+    }
     return(<<ENDBODY);
 $bodytag
-<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" border="0" cellpadding="0">
-<tr><td bgcolor="$sidebg">
-$upperleft</td>
-<td bgcolor="$sidebg" align="right">$messages&nbsp;</td>
+<table id="LC_title_bar" class="LC_with_remote">
+<tr><td class="LC_title_bar_role_logo">$upperleft</td>
+    <td class="LC_title_bar_domain_logo">$messages&nbsp;</td>
 </tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="3" bgcolor="$tabbg">
-&nbsp;<font size="5" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>$title</b></font>
-<td bgcolor="$tabbg" align="right">
-<font size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">
-    $ENV{'environment.firstname'}
-    $ENV{'environment.middlename'}
-    $ENV{'environment.lastname'}
-    $ENV{'environment.generation'}
-    </font>&nbsp;
-</td>
+<tr><td>$titleinfo $dc_info $menu</td>
+$roleinfo
 </tr>
-<tr><td bgcolor="$tabbg" align="right">
-<font size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">$role</font>&nbsp;
-</td></tr>
-<tr>
-<td bgcolor="$tabbg" align="right"><font size="2" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">$realm</font>&nbsp;</td></tr>
-</table><br />
+</table>
 ENDBODY
 }
 
+sub make_attr_string {
+    my ($register,$attr_ref) = @_;
+
+    if ($attr_ref && !ref($attr_ref)) {
+	die("addentries Must be a hash ref ".
+	    join(':',caller(1))." ".
+	    join(':',caller(0))." ");
+    }
+
+    if ($register) {
+	my ($on_load,$on_unload);
+	foreach my $key (keys(%{$attr_ref})) {
+	    if      (lc($key) eq 'onload') {
+		$on_load.=$attr_ref->{$key}.';';
+		delete($attr_ref->{$key});
+
+	    } elsif (lc($key) eq 'onunload') {
+		$on_unload.=$attr_ref->{$key}.';';
+		delete($attr_ref->{$key});
+	    }
+	}
+	$attr_ref->{'onload'}  =
+	    &Apache::lonmenu::loadevents().  $on_load;
+	$attr_ref->{'onunload'}=
+	    &Apache::lonmenu::unloadevents().$on_unload;
+    }
+
+# Accessibility font enhance
+    if ($env{'browser.fontenhance'} eq 'on') {
+	my $style;
+	foreach my $key (keys(%{$attr_ref})) {
+	    if (lc($key) eq 'style') {
+		$style.=$attr_ref->{$key}.';';
+		delete($attr_ref->{$key});
+	    }
+	}
+	$attr_ref->{'style'}=$style.'; font-size: x-large;';
+    }
+
+    if ($env{'browser.blackwhite'} eq 'on') {
+	delete($attr_ref->{'font'});
+	delete($attr_ref->{'link'});
+	delete($attr_ref->{'alink'});
+	delete($attr_ref->{'vlink'});
+	delete($attr_ref->{'bgcolor'});
+	delete($attr_ref->{'background'});
+    }
+
+    my $attr_string;
+    foreach my $attr (keys(%$attr_ref)) {
+	$attr_string .= " $attr=\"".$attr_ref->{$attr}.'" ';
+    }
+    return $attr_string;
+}
+
+
+###############################################
+###############################################
+
+=pod
+
+=back
+
+=head1 HTML Helpers
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * &endbodytag()
+
+Returns a uniform footer for LON-CAPA web pages.
+
+Inputs: none
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+
+sub endbodytag {
+    my $endbodytag='</body>';
+    $endbodytag=&Apache::lontexconvert::jsMath_process()."\n".$endbodytag;
+    if ( exists( $env{'internal.head.redirect'} ) ) {
+	$endbodytag=
+	    "<br /><a href=\"$env{'internal.head.redirect'}\">".
+	    &mt('Continue').'</a>'.
+	    $endbodytag;
+    }
+    return $endbodytag;
+}
+
+=pod
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * &standard_css()
+
+Returns a style sheet
+
+Inputs: (all optional)
+            domain         -> force to color decorate a page for a specific
+                               domain
+            function       -> force usage of a specific rolish color scheme
+            bgcolor        -> override the default page bgcolor
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+
+sub standard_css {
+    my ($function,$domain,$bgcolor) = @_;
+    $function  = &get_users_function() if (!$function);
+    my $img    = &designparm($function.'.img',   $domain);
+    my $tabbg  = &designparm($function.'.tabbg', $domain);
+    my $font   = &designparm($function.'.font',  $domain);
+    my $sidebg = &designparm($function.'.sidebg',$domain);
+    my $pgbg_or_bgcolor =
+	         $bgcolor ||
+	         &designparm($function.'.pgbg',  $domain);
+    my $pgbg   = &designparm($function.'.pgbg',  $domain);
+    my $alink  = &designparm($function.'.alink', $domain);
+    my $vlink  = &designparm($function.'.vlink', $domain);
+    my $link   = &designparm($function.'.link',  $domain);
+
+    my $sans                 = 'Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif';
+    my $mono                 = 'monospace';
+    my $data_table_head      = $tabbg;
+    my $data_table_light     = '#EEEEEE';
+    my $data_table_dark      = '#DDD';
+    my $data_table_darker    = '#CCC';
+    my $data_table_highlight = '#FFFF00';
+    my $mail_new             = '#FFBB77';
+    my $mail_new_hover       = '#DD9955';
+    my $mail_read            = '#BBBB77';
+    my $mail_read_hover      = '#999944';
+    my $mail_replied         = '#AAAA88';
+    my $mail_replied_hover   = '#888855';
+    my $mail_other           = '#99BBBB';
+    my $mail_other_hover     = '#669999';
+    my $table_header         = '#DDDDDD';
+
+    my $border = ($env{'browser.type'} eq 'explorer') ? '0px 2px 0px 2px'
+	                                              : '0px 3px 0px 4px';
+
+    return <<END;
+h1, h2, h3, th { font-family: $sans }
+a:focus { color: red; background: yellow } 
+table.thinborder { border-collapse: collapse; }
+table.thinborder tr th {  border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background: $tabbg;}
+table.thinborder tr td { border-style: solid; border-width: 1px}
+
+form, .inline { display: inline; }
+.center { text-align: center; }
+.LC_filename {font-family: $mono;}
+.LC_error {
+  color: red;
+  font-size: larger;
+}
+.LC_warning,
+.LC_diff_removed {
+  color: red;
+}
+.LC_success,
+.LC_diff_added {
+  color: green;
+}
+.LC_icon {
+  border: 0px;
+}
+
+table#LC_top_nav, table#LC_menubuttons {
+  width: 100%;
+  background: $pgbg;
+  border: 2px;
+  border-collapse: separate;
+  padding: 0px;
+}
+
+table#LC_title_bar, table.LC_breadcrumbs, table#LC_nav_location,
+table#LC_title_bar.LC_with_remote {
+  width: 100%;
+  border-color: $pgbg;
+  border-style: solid;
+  border-width: $border;
+
+  background: $pgbg;
+  font-family: $sans;
+  border-collapse: collapse;
+  padding: 0px;
+}
+
+table.LC_docs_path {
+  width: 100%;
+  border: 0;
+  background: $pgbg;
+  font-family: $sans;
+  border-collapse: collapse;
+  padding: 0px;
+}
+
+table#LC_title_bar td {
+  background: $tabbg;
+}
+table#LC_title_bar td.LC_title_bar_who {
+  background: $tabbg;
+  color: $font;
+  font: small $sans;
+  text-align: right;
+}
+span.LC_title_bar_title {
+  font: bold x-large $sans;
+}
+table#LC_title_bar td.LC_title_bar_domain_logo {
+  background: $sidebg;
+  text-align: right;
+  padding: 0px;
+}
+table#LC_title_bar td.LC_title_bar_role_logo {
+  background: $sidebg;
+  padding: 0px;
+}
+
+table#LC_menubuttons_mainmenu {
+  background: $pgbg;
+  border: 0px;
+  border-spacing: 1px;
+  padding: 0px 1px;
+  margin: 0px;
+  border-collapse: separate;
+}
+table#LC_menubuttons img, table#LC_menubuttons_mainmenu img {
+  border: 0px;
+}
+table#LC_top_nav td {
+  background: $tabbg;
+  border: 0px;
+  font-size: small;
+}
+table#LC_top_nav td a, div#LC_top_nav a {
+  color: $font;
+  font-family: $sans;
+}
+table#LC_top_nav td.LC_top_nav_logo {
+  background: $tabbg;
+  text-align: left;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  width: 31px;
+}
+table#LC_top_nav td.LC_top_nav_logo img {
+  border: 0px;
+  vertical-align: bottom;
+}
+table#LC_top_nav td.LC_top_nav_exit,
+table#LC_top_nav td.LC_top_nav_help {
+  width: 2.0em;
+}
+table#LC_top_nav td.LC_top_nav_login {
+  width: 4.0em;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+table.LC_breadcrumbs td, table.LC_docs_path td  {
+  background: $tabbg;
+  color: $font;
+  font-family: $sans;
+  font-size: smaller;
+}
+table.LC_breadcrumbs td.LC_breadcrumbs_component,
+table.LC_docs_path td.LC_docs_path_component {
+  background: $tabbg;
+  color: $font;
+  font-family: $sans;
+  font-size: larger;
+  text-align: right;
+}
+td.LC_table_cell_checkbox {
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+.LC_menubuttons_inline_text {
+  color: $font;
+  font-family: $sans;
+  font-size: smaller;
+}
+
+td.LC_menubuttons_text {
+  color: $font;
+  font-family: $sans;
+}
+td.LC_menubuttons_img {
+  background: $tabbg;
+}
+.LC_current_location {
+  font-family: $sans;
+  background: $tabbg;
+}
+.LC_new_mail {
+  font-family: $sans;
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+table.LC_aboutme_port {
+  border: 0px;
+  border-collapse: collapse;
+  border-spacing: 0px;
+}
+table.LC_data_table, table.LC_mail_list {
+  border: 1px solid #000000;
+  border-collapse: separate;
+  border-spacing: 1px;
+}
+.LC_data_table_dense {
+  font-size: small;
+}
+table.LC_data_table tr th, table.LC_calendar tr th, table.LC_mail_list tr th {
+  font-weight: bold;
+  background-color: $data_table_head;
+  font-size: smaller;
+}
+table.LC_data_table tr td, 
+table.LC_aboutme_port tr td {
+  background-color: $data_table_light;
+  padding: 2px;
+}
+table.LC_data_table tr.LC_even_row td,
+table.LC_aboutme_port tr.LC_even_row td {
+  background-color: $data_table_dark;
+}
+table.LC_data_table tr.LC_data_table_highlight td {
+  background-color: $data_table_darker;
+}
+table.LC_data_table tr.LC_empty_row td,
+table.LC_whatsnew tr.LC_empty_row td {
+  background-color: #FFFFFF;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  font-style: italic;
+  text-align: center;
+  padding: 8px;
+}
+
+table.LC_whatsnew {
+}
+
+table.LC_whatsnew tr th,
+table.LC_whatsnew tr.LC_info_row td {
+  background-color: #CCC;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  font-size: small;
+  text-align: right;
+}
+table.LC_whatsnew tr td {
+  background-color: #FFF;
+  font-size: small;
+  text-align: right;
+}
+table.LC_whatsnew tr td.LC_first_item {
+  text-align: left;
+}
+
+table.LC_whatsnew tr.LC_odd_row td {
+  background-color: #EEE;
+}
+
+table.LC_calendar {
+  border: 1px solid #000000;
+  border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+table.LC_calendar_pickdate {
+  font-size: xx-small;
+}
+table.LC_calendar tr td {
+  border: 1px solid #000000;
+  vertical-align: top;
+}
+table.LC_calendar tr td.LC_calendar_day_empty {
+  background-color: $data_table_dark;
+}
+table.LC_calendar tr td.LC_calendar_day_current {
+  background-color: $data_table_highlight;
+}
+
+table.LC_mail_list tr.LC_mail_new {
+  background-color: $mail_new;
+}
+table.LC_mail_list tr.LC_mail_new:hover {
+  background-color: $mail_new_hover;
+}
+table.LC_mail_list tr.LC_mail_read {
+  background-color: $mail_read;
+}
+table.LC_mail_list tr.LC_mail_read:hover {
+  background-color: $mail_read_hover;
+}
+table.LC_mail_list tr.LC_mail_replied {
+  background-color: $mail_replied;
+}
+table.LC_mail_list tr.LC_mail_replied:hover {
+  background-color: $mail_replied_hover;
+}
+table.LC_mail_list tr.LC_mail_other {
+  background-color: $mail_other;
+}
+table.LC_mail_list tr.LC_mail_other:hover {
+  background-color: $mail_other_hover;
+}
+
+table#LC_portfolio_actions {
+  width: auto;
+  background: $pgbg;
+  border: 0px;
+  border-spacing: 2px 2px;
+  padding: 0px;
+  margin: 0px;
+  border-collapse: separate;
+}
+table#LC_portfolio_actions td.LC_label {
+  background: $tabbg;
+  text-align: right;
+}
+table#LC_portfolio_actions td.LC_value {
+  background: $tabbg;
+}
+
+table#LC_cstr_controls {
+  width: 100%;
+  border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+table#LC_cstr_controls tr td {
+  border: 4px solid $pgbg;
+  padding: 4px;
+  text-align: center;
+  background: $tabbg;
+}
+table#LC_cstr_controls tr th {
+  border: 4px solid $pgbg;
+  background: $table_header;
+  text-align: center;
+  font-family: $sans;
+  font-size: smaller;
+}
+
+table#LC_browser {
+ 
+}
+table#LC_browser tr th {
+  background: $table_header;
+}
+table#LC_browser tr td {
+  padding: 2px;
+}
+table#LC_browser tr.LC_browser_file,
+table#LC_browser tr.LC_browser_file_published {
+  background: #CCFF88;
+}
+table#LC_browser tr.LC_browser_file_locked,
+table#LC_browser tr.LC_browser_file_unpublished {
+  background: #FFAA99;
+}
+table#LC_browser tr.LC_browser_file_obsolete {
+  background: #AAAAAA;
+}
+table#LC_browser tr.LC_browser_file_modified,
+table#LC_browser tr.LC_browser_file_metamodified {
+  background: #FFFF77;
+}
+table#LC_browser tr.LC_browser_folder {
+  background: #CCCCFF;
+}
+span.LC_current_location {
+  font-size: x-large;
+  background: $pgbg;
+}
+
+span.LC_parm_menu_item {
+  font-size: larger;
+  font-family: $sans;
+}
+span.LC_parm_scope_all {
+  color: red;
+}
+span.LC_parm_scope_folder {
+  color: green;
+}
+span.LC_parm_scope_resource {
+  color: orange;
+}
+span.LC_parm_part {
+  color: blue;
+}
+span.LC_parm_folder, span.LC_parm_symb {
+  font-size: x-small;
+  font-family: $mono;
+  color: #AAAAAA;
+}
+
+td.LC_parm_overview_level_menu, td.LC_parm_overview_map_menu,
+td.LC_parm_overview_parm_selectors, td.LC_parm_overview_parm_restrictions {
+  border: 1px solid black;
+  border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+table.LC_parm_overview_restrictions td {
+  border-width: 1px 4px 1px 4px;
+  border-style: solid;
+  border-color: $pgbg;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+table.LC_parm_overview_restrictions th {
+  background: $tabbg;
+  border-width: 1px 4px 1px 4px;
+  border-style: solid;
+  border-color: $pgbg;
+}
+table#LC_helpmenu {
+  border: 0px;
+  height: 55px;
+  border-spacing: 0px;
+}
+
+table#LC_helpmenu fieldset legend {
+  font-size: larger;
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+table#LC_helpmenu_links {
+  width: 100%;
+  border: 1px solid black;
+  background: $pgbg;
+  padding: 0px;
+  border-spacing: 1px;
+}
+table#LC_helpmenu_links tr td {
+  padding: 1px;
+  background: $tabbg;
+  text-align: center;
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+table#LC_helpmenu_links a:link, table#LC_helpmenu_links a:visited,
+table#LC_helpmenu_links a:active {
+  text-decoration: none;
+  color: $font;
+}
+table#LC_helpmenu_links a:hover {
+  text-decoration: underline;
+  color: $vlink;
+}
+
+.LC_chrt_popup_exists {
+  border: 1px solid #339933;
+  margin: -1px;
+}
+.LC_chrt_popup_up {
+  border: 1px solid yellow;
+  margin: -1px;
+}
+.LC_chrt_popup {
+  border: 1px solid #8888FF;
+  background: #CCCCFF;
+}
+
+table.LC_pick_box {
+  width: 100%;
+  border-collapse: separate;
+  background: white;
+  border: 1px solid black;
+  border-spacing: 1px;
+}
+table.LC_pick_box td.LC_pick_box_title {
+  background: $tabbg;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  text-align: right;
+  width: 184px;
+  padding: 8px;
+}
+table.LC_pick_box td.LC_pick_box_separator {
+  padding: 0px;
+  height: 1px;
+  background: black;
+}
+table.LC_pick_box td.LC_pick_box_submit {
+  text-align: right;
+}
+
+table.LC_group_priv_box {
+  background: white;
+  border: 1px solid black;
+  border-spacing: 1px;
+}
+table.LC_group_priv_box td.LC_pick_box_title {
+  background: $tabbg;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  text-align: right;
+  width: 184px;
+}
+table.LC_group_priv_box td.LC_groups_fixed {
+  background: $data_table_light;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+table.LC_group_priv_box td.LC_groups_optional {
+  background: $data_table_dark;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+table.LC_group_priv_box td.LC_groups_functionality {
+  background: $data_table_darker;
+  text-align: center;
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+table.LC_group_priv td {
+  text-align: left;
+  padding: 0px;
+}
+
+table.LC_notify_front_page {
+  background: white;
+  border: 1px solid black;
+  padding: 8px;
+}
+table.LC_notify_front_page td {
+  padding: 8px;
+}
+.LC_navbuttons {
+  margin: 2ex 0ex 2ex 0ex;
+}
+.LC_topic_bar {
+  font-family: $sans;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  width: 100%;
+  background: $tabbg;
+  vertical-align: middle;
+  margin: 2ex 0ex 2ex 0ex;
+}
+.LC_topic_bar span {
+  vertical-align: middle;
+}
+.LC_topic_bar img {
+  vertical-align: bottom;
+}
+table.LC_course_group_status {
+  margin: 20px;
+}
+table.LC_status_selector td {
+  vertical-align: top;
+  text-align: center;
+  padding: 4px;
+}
+table.LC_descriptive_input td.LC_description {
+  vertical-align: top;
+  text-align: right;
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+END
+}
+
+=pod
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * &headtag()
+
+Returns a uniform footer for LON-CAPA web pages.
+
+Inputs: $title - optional title for the head
+        $head_extra - optional extra HTML to put inside the <head>
+        $args - optional arguments
+            force_register - if is true call registerurl so the remote is 
+                             informed
+            redirect       -> array ref of
+                                   1- seconds before redirect occurs
+                                   2- url to redirect to
+                                   3- whether the side effect should occur
+                           (side effect of setting 
+                               $env{'internal.head.redirect'} to the url 
+                               redirected too)
+            domain         -> force to color decorate a page for a specific
+                               domain
+            function       -> force usage of a specific rolish color scheme
+            bgcolor        -> override the default page bgcolor
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+
+sub headtag {
+    my ($title,$head_extra,$args) = @_;
+    
+    my $function = $args->{'function'} || &get_users_function();
+    my $domain   = $args->{'domain'}   || &determinedomain();
+    my $bgcolor  = $args->{'bgcolor'}  || &designparm($function.'.pgbg',$domain);
+    my $url = join(':',$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.domain'},
+		   #time(),
+		   $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonVersion'},
+		   $env{'environment.color.timestamp'},
+		   $function,$domain,$bgcolor);
+
+    $url = '/adm/css/'.&escape($url).'.css';
+
+    my $result =
+	'<head>'.
+	&font_settings().
+	&Apache::lonhtmlcommon::htmlareaheaders();
+
+    if ($args->{'force_register'}) {
+	$result .= &Apache::lonmenu::registerurl(1);
+    }
+    if (!$args->{'no_nav_bar'} 
+	&& !$args->{'only_body'}
+	&& !$args->{'frameset'}) {
+	$result .= &help_menu_js();
+    }
+
+    if (ref($args->{'redirect'})) {
+	my ($time,$url,$inhibit_continue) = @{$args->{'redirect'}};
+	$url = &Apache::lonenc::check_encrypt($url);
+	if (!$inhibit_continue) {
+	    $env{'internal.head.redirect'} = $url;
+	}
+	$result.=<<ADDMETA
+<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache" />
+<meta http-equiv="Refresh" content="$time; url=$url" />
+ADDMETA
+    }
+    if (!defined($title)) {
+	$title = 'The LearningOnline Network with CAPA';
+    }
+    
+    $result .= '<title> LON-CAPA '.&mt($title).'</title>'
+	.'<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'.$url.'" />'
+	.$head_extra;
+    return $result;
+}
+
+=pod
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * &font_settings()
+
+Returns neccessary <meta> to set the proper encoding
+
+Inputs: none
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+
+sub font_settings {
+    my $headerstring='';
+    if (($env{'browser.os'} eq 'mac') && (!$env{'browser.mathml'})) { 
+	$headerstring.=
+	    '<meta Content-Type="text/html; charset=x-mac-roman" />';
+    } elsif (!$env{'browser.mathml'} && $env{'browser.unicode'}) {
+	$headerstring.=
+	    '<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />';
+    }
+    return $headerstring;
+}
+
+=pod
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * &xml_begin()
+
+Returns the needed doctype and <html>
+
+Inputs: none
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+
+sub xml_begin {
+    my $output='';
+
+    &Apache::lonhtmlcommon::init_htmlareafields();
+
+    if ($env{'browser.mathml'}) {
+	$output='<?xml version="1.0"?>'
+            #.'<?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="/adm/MathML/mathml.css"?>'."\n"
+#            .'<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM "/adm/MathML/mathml.dtd" '
+            
+#	    .'<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" [<!ENTITY mathns "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">] >'
+	    .'<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1 plus MathML 2.0 plus SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/2002/04/xhtml-math-svg/xhtml-math-svg.dtd">'
+            .'<html xmlns:math="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" ' 
+	    .'xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">';
+    } else {
+	$output='<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html>';
+    }
+    return $output;
+}
+
+=pod
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * &endheadtag()
+
+Returns a uniform </head> for LON-CAPA web pages.
+
+Inputs: none
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+
+sub endheadtag {
+    return '</head>';
+}
+
+=pod
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * &head()
+
+Returns a uniform complete <head>..</head> section for LON-CAPA web pages.
+
+Inputs: $title - optional title for the page
+        $head_extra - optional extra HTML to put inside the <head>
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+
+sub head {
+    my ($title,$head_extra,$args) = @_;
+    return &headtag($title,$head_extra,$args).&endheadtag();
+}
+
+=pod
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * &start_page()
+
+Returns a complete <html> .. <body> section for LON-CAPA web pages.
+
+Inputs: $title - optional title for the page
+        $head_extra - optional extra HTML to incude inside the <head>
+        $args - additional optional args supported are:
+                  only_body      -> is true will set &bodytag() onlybodytag
+                                    arg on
+                  no_nav_bar     -> is true will set &bodytag() notopbar arg on
+                  add_entries    -> additional attributes to add to the  <body>
+                  domain         -> force to color decorate a page for a 
+                                    specific domain
+                  function       -> force usage of a specific rolish color
+                                    scheme
+                  redirect       -> see &headtag()
+                  bgcolor        -> override the default page bg color
+                  js_ready       -> return a string ready for being used in 
+                                    a javascript writeln
+                  html_encode    -> return a string ready for being used in 
+                                    a html attribute
+                  force_register -> if is true will turn on the &bodytag()
+                                    $forcereg arg
+                  body_title     -> alternate text to use instead of $title
+                                    in the title box that appears, this text
+                                    is not auto translated like the $title is
+                  frameset       -> if true will start with a <frameset>
+                                    rather than <body>
+                  no_title       -> if true the title bar won't be shown
+                  skip_phases    -> hash ref of 
+                                    head -> skip the <html><head> generation
+                                    body -> skip all <body> generation
+
+                  no_inline_link -> if true and in remote mode, don't show the 
+                                    'Switch To Inline Menu' link
+
+=back
+
+=cut
+
+sub start_page {
+    my ($title,$head_extra,$args) = @_;
+    #&Apache::lonnet::logthis("start_page ".join(':',caller(0)));
+    my %head_args;
+    foreach my $arg ('redirect','force_register','domain','function',
+		     'bgcolor','frameset','no_nav_bar','only_body') {
+	if (defined($args->{$arg})) {
+	    $head_args{$arg} = $args->{$arg};
+	}
+    }
+
+    $env{'internal.start_page'}++;
+    my $result;
+    if (! exists($args->{'skip_phases'}{'head'}) ) {
+	$result.=
+	    &xml_begin().
+	    &headtag($title,$head_extra,\%head_args).&endheadtag();
+    }
+    
+    if (! exists($args->{'skip_phases'}{'body'}) ) {
+	if ($args->{'frameset'}) {
+	    my $attr_string = &make_attr_string($args->{'force_register'},
+						$args->{'add_entries'});
+	    $result .= "\n<frameset $attr_string>\n";
+	} else {
+	    $result .=
+		&bodytag($title, 
+			 $args->{'function'},       $args->{'add_entries'},
+			 $args->{'only_body'},      $args->{'domain'},
+			 $args->{'force_register'}, $args->{'body_title'},
+			 $args->{'no_nav_bar'},     $args->{'bgcolor'},
+			 $args->{'no_title'},       $args->{'no_inline_link'});
+	}
+    }
+
+    if ($args->{'js_ready'}) {
+	$result = &js_ready($result);
+    }
+    if ($args->{'html_encode'}) {
+	$result = &html_encode($result);
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+
+=pod
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * &head()
+
+Returns a complete </body></html> section for LON-CAPA web pages.
+
+Inputs:         $args - additional optional args supported are:
+                 js_ready     -> return a string ready for being used in 
+                                 a javascript writeln
+                 html_encode  -> return a string ready for being used in 
+                                 a html attribute
+                 frameset     -> if true will start with a <frameset>
+                                 rather than <body>
+
+=cut
+
+sub end_page {
+    my ($args) = @_;
+    $env{'internal.end_page'}++;
+    my $result;
+    if ($args->{'discussion'}) {
+	my ($target,$parser);
+	if (ref($args->{'discussion'})) {
+	    ($target,$parser) =($args->{'discussion'}{'target'},
+				$args->{'discussion'}{'parser'});
+	}
+	$result .= &Apache::lonxml::xmlend($target,$parser);
+    }
+
+    if ($args->{'frameset'}) {
+	$result .= '</frameset>';
+    } else {
+	$result .= &endbodytag();
+    }
+    $result .= "\n</html>";
+
+    if ($args->{'js_ready'}) {
+	$result = &js_ready($result);
+    }
+
+    if ($args->{'html_encode'}) {
+	$result = &html_encode($result);
+    }
+
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub html_encode {
+    my ($result) = @_;
+
+    $result = &HTML::Entities::encode($result,'<>&"');
+    
+    return $result;
+}
+sub js_ready {
+    my ($result) = @_;
+
+    $result =~ s/[\n\r]/ /xmsg;
+    $result =~ s/\\/\\\\/xmsg;
+    $result =~ s/'/\\'/xmsg;
+    $result =~ s{</}{<\\/}xmsg;
+    
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub validate_page {
+    if (  exists($env{'internal.start_page'})
+	  &&     $env{'internal.start_page'} > 1) {
+	&Apache::lonnet::logthis('start_page called multiple times '.
+				 $env{'internal.start_page'}.' '.
+				 $ENV{'request.filename'});
+    }
+    if (  exists($env{'internal.end_page'})
+	  &&     $env{'internal.end_page'} > 1) {
+	&Apache::lonnet::logthis('end_page called multiple times '.
+				 $env{'internal.end_page'}.' '.
+				 $env{'request.filename'});
+    }
+    if (     exists($env{'internal.start_page'})
+	&& ! exists($env{'internal.end_page'})) {
+	&Apache::lonnet::logthis('start_page called without end_page '.
+				 $env{'request.filename'});
+    }
+    if (   ! exists($env{'internal.start_page'})
+	&&   exists($env{'internal.end_page'})) {
+	&Apache::lonnet::logthis('end_page called without start_page'.
+				 $env{'request.filename'});
+    }
+}
+
+sub simple_error_page {
+    my ($r,$title,$msg) = @_;
+    my $page =
+	&Apache::loncommon::start_page($title).
+	&mt($msg).
+	&Apache::loncommon::end_page();
+    if (ref($r)) {
+	$r->print($page);
+	return;
+    }
+    return $page;
+}
+
+{
+    my $row_count;
+    sub start_data_table {
+	my ($add_class) = @_;
+	my $css_class = (join(' ','LC_data_table',$add_class));
+	undef($row_count);
+	return '<table class="'.$css_class.'">'."\n";
+    }
+
+    sub end_data_table {
+	undef($row_count);
+	return '</table>'."\n";;
+    }
+
+    sub start_data_table_row {
+	my ($add_class) = @_;
+	$row_count++;
+	my $css_class = ($row_count % 2)?'':'LC_even_row';
+	$css_class = (join(' ',$css_class,$add_class));
+	return  '<tr class="'.$css_class.'">'."\n";;
+    }
+
+    sub end_data_table_row {
+	return '</tr>'."\n";;
+    }
+
+    sub start_data_table_empty_row {
+	$row_count++;
+	return  '<tr class="LC_empty_row" >'."\n";;
+    }
+
+    sub end_data_table_empty_row {
+	return '</tr>'."\n";;
+    }
+
+    sub start_data_table_header_row {
+	return  '<tr class="LC_header_row">'."\n";;
+    }
+
+    sub end_data_table_header_row {
+	return '</tr>'."\n";;
+    }
+}
+
 ###############################################
 
 =pod
 
-=item get_users_function
+=item * &get_users_function()
 
 Used by &bodytag to determine the current users primary role.
 Returns either 'student','coordinator','admin', or 'author'.
@@ -2636,13 +4121,13 @@ Returns either 'student','coordinator','
 ###############################################
 sub get_users_function {
     my $function = 'student';
-    if ($ENV{'request.role'}=~/^(cc|in|ta|ep)/) {
+    if ($env{'request.role'}=~/^(cc|in|ta|ep)/) {
         $function='coordinator';
     }
-    if ($ENV{'request.role'}=~/^(su|dc|ad|li)/) {
+    if ($env{'request.role'}=~/^(su|dc|ad|li)/) {
         $function='admin';
     }
-    if (($ENV{'request.role'}=~/^(au|ca)/) ||
+    if (($env{'request.role'}=~/^(au|ca)/) ||
         ($ENV{'REQUEST_URI'}=~/^(\/priv|\~)/)) {
         $function='author';
     }
@@ -2651,101 +4136,418 @@ sub get_users_function {
 
 ###############################################
 
-sub get_posted_cgi {
-    my $r=shift;
+=pod
 
-    my $buffer;
-    
-    $r->read($buffer,$r->header_in('Content-length'),0);
-    unless ($buffer=~/^(\-+\w+)\s+Content\-Disposition\:\s*form\-data/si) {
-	my @pairs=split(/&/,$buffer);
-	my $pair;
-	foreach $pair (@pairs) {
-	    my ($name,$value) = split(/=/,$pair);
-	    $value =~ tr/+/ /;
-	    $value =~ s/%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])/pack("C",hex($1))/eg;
-	    $name  =~ tr/+/ /;
-	    $name  =~ s/%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])/pack("C",hex($1))/eg;
-	    &add_to_env("form.$name",$value);
-	}
-    } else {
-	my $contentsep=$1;
-	my @lines = split (/\n/,$buffer);
-	my $name='';
-	my $value='';
-	my $fname='';
-	my $fmime='';
-	my $i;
-	for ($i=0;$i<=$#lines;$i++) {
-	    if ($lines[$i]=~/^$contentsep/) {
-		if ($name) {
-		    chomp($value);
-		    if ($fname) {
-			$ENV{"form.$name.filename"}=$fname;
-			$ENV{"form.$name.mimetype"}=$fmime;
-		    } else {
-			$value=~s/\s+$//s;
-		    }
-		    &add_to_env("form.$name",$value);
+=item * &check_user_status
+
+Determines current status of supplied role for a
+specific user. Roles can be active, previous or future.
+
+Inputs: 
+user's domain, user's username, course's domain,
+course's number, optional section ID.
+
+Outputs:
+role status: active, previous or future. 
+
+=cut
+
+sub check_user_status {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$cdom,$crs,$role,$sec) = @_;
+    my %userinfo = &Apache::lonnet::dump('roles',$udom,$uname);
+    my @uroles = keys %userinfo;
+    my $srchstr;
+    my $active_chk = 'none';
+    my $now = time;
+    if (@uroles > 0) {
+        if (($role eq 'cc') || ($sec eq '') || (!defined($sec))) {
+            $srchstr = '/'.$cdom.'/'.$crs.'_'.$role;
+        } else {
+            $srchstr = '/'.$cdom.'/'.$crs.'/'.$sec.'_'.$role;
+        }
+        if (grep/^\Q$srchstr\E$/,@uroles) {
+            my $role_end = 0;
+            my $role_start = 0;
+            $active_chk = 'active';
+            if ($userinfo{$srchstr} =~ m/^\Q$role\E_(\d+)/) {
+                $role_end = $1;
+                if ($userinfo{$srchstr} =~ m/^\Q$role\E_\Q$role_end\E_(\d+)$/) {
+                    $role_start = $1;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($role_start > 0) {
+                if ($now < $role_start) {
+                    $active_chk = 'future';
+                }
+            }
+            if ($role_end > 0) {
+                if ($now > $role_end) {
+                    $active_chk = 'previous';
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $active_chk;
+}
+
+###############################################
+
+=pod
+
+=item * &get_sections()
+
+Determines all the sections for a course including
+sections with students and sections containing other roles.
+Incoming parameters: 
+
+1. domain
+2. course number 
+3. reference to array containing roles for which sections should 
+be gathered (optional).
+4. reference to array containing status types for which sections 
+should be gathered (optional).
+
+If the third argument is undefined, sections are gathered for any role. 
+If the fourth argument is undefined, sections are gathered for any status.
+Permissible values are 'active' or 'future' or 'previous'.
+ 
+Returns section hash (keys are section IDs, values are
+number of users in each section), subject to the
+optional roles filter, optional status filter 
+
+=cut
+
+###############################################
+sub get_sections {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$possible_roles,$possible_status) = @_;
+    if (!defined($cdom) || !defined($cnum)) {
+        my $cid =  $env{'request.course.id'};
+
+	return if (!defined($cid));
+
+        $cdom = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'};
+        $cnum = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'};
+    }
+
+    my %sectioncount;
+    my $now = time;
+
+    if (!defined($possible_roles) || (grep(/^st$/,@$possible_roles))) {
+	my ($classlist) = &Apache::loncoursedata::get_classlist($cdom,$cnum);
+	my $sec_index = &Apache::loncoursedata::CL_SECTION();
+	my $status_index = &Apache::loncoursedata::CL_STATUS();
+        my $start_index = &Apache::loncoursedata::CL_START();
+        my $end_index = &Apache::loncoursedata::CL_END();
+        my $status;
+	while (my ($student,$data) = each(%$classlist)) {
+	    my ($section,$stu_status,$start,$end) = ($data->[$sec_index],
+				                     $data->[$status_index],
+                                                     $data->[$start_index],
+                                                     $data->[$end_index]);
+            if ($stu_status eq 'Active') {
+                $status = 'active';
+            } elsif ($end < $now) {
+                $status = 'previous';
+            } elsif ($start > $now) {
+                $status = 'future';
+            } 
+	    if ($section ne '-1' && $section !~ /^\s*$/) {
+                if ((!defined($possible_status)) || (($status ne '') && 
+                    (grep/^\Q$status\E$/,@{$possible_status}))) { 
+		    $sectioncount{$section}++;
+                }
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+    my %courseroles = &Apache::lonnet::dump('nohist_userroles',$cdom,$cnum);
+    foreach my $user (sort(keys(%courseroles))) {
+	if ($user !~ /^(\w{2})/) { next; }
+	my ($role) = ($user =~ /^(\w{2})/);
+	if ($possible_roles && !(grep(/^$role$/,@$possible_roles))) { next; }
+	my ($section,$status);
+	if ($role eq 'cr' &&
+	    $user =~ m-^$role/[^/]*/[^/]*/[^/]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:(\w+)-) {
+	    $section=$1;
+	}
+	if ($user =~ /^$role:[^:]*:[^:]*:(\w+)/) { $section=$1; }
+	if (!defined($section) || $section eq '-1') { next; }
+        my ($end,$start) = ($courseroles{$user} =~ /^([^:]*):([^:]*)$/);
+        if ($end == -1 && $start == -1) {
+            next; #deleted role
+        }
+        if (!defined($possible_status)) { 
+            $sectioncount{$section}++;
+        } else {
+            if ((!$end || $end >= $now) && (!$start || $start <= $now)) {
+                $status = 'active';
+            } elsif ($end < $now) {
+                $status = 'future';
+            } elsif ($start > $now) {
+                $status = 'previous';
+            }
+            if (($status ne '') && (grep/^\Q$status\E$/,@{$possible_status})) {
+                $sectioncount{$section}++;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %sectioncount;
+}
+
+###############################################
+
+=pod
+
+=item * &get_course_users()
+
+Retrieves usernames:domains for users in the specified course
+with specific role(s), and access status. 
+
+Incoming parameters:
+1. course domain
+2. course number
+3. access status: users must have - either active, 
+previous, future, or all.
+4. reference to array of permissible roles
+5. reference to array of section restrictions (optional)
+6. reference to results object (hash of hashes).
+7. reference to optional userdata hash
+Keys of top level hash are roles.
+Keys of inner hashes are username:domain, with 
+values set to access type.
+Optional userdata hash returns an array with arguments in the 
+same order as loncoursedata::get_classlist() for student data.
+
+Entries for end, start, section and status are blank because
+of the possibility of multiple values for non-student roles.
+
+=cut
+
+###############################################
+
+sub get_course_users {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$types,$roles,$sections,$users,$userdata) = @_;
+    my %idx = ();
+    my %seclists;
+
+    $idx{udom} = &Apache::loncoursedata::CL_SDOM();
+    $idx{uname} =  &Apache::loncoursedata::CL_SNAME();
+    $idx{end} = &Apache::loncoursedata::CL_END();
+    $idx{start} = &Apache::loncoursedata::CL_START();
+    $idx{id} = &Apache::loncoursedata::CL_ID();
+    $idx{section} = &Apache::loncoursedata::CL_SECTION();
+    $idx{fullname} = &Apache::loncoursedata::CL_FULLNAME();
+    $idx{status} = &Apache::loncoursedata::CL_STATUS();
+
+    if (grep(/^st$/,@{$roles})) {
+        my ($classlist,$keylist)=&Apache::loncoursedata::get_classlist($cdom,$cnum);
+        my $now = time;
+        foreach my $student (keys(%{$classlist})) {
+            my $match = 0;
+            my $secmatch = 0;
+            my $section = $$classlist{$student}[$idx{section}];
+            if ($section eq '') {
+                $section = 'none';
+            }
+            if ((ref($sections) eq 'ARRAY') && (@{$sections} > 0)) {
+                if (grep(/^all$/,@{$sections})) {
+                    $secmatch = 1;
+                } elsif ($$classlist{$student}[$idx{section}] eq '') {
+                    if (grep(/^none$/,@{$sections})) {
+                        $secmatch = 1;
+                    }
+                } else {  
+		    if (grep(/^\Q$section\E$/,@{$sections})) {
+		        $secmatch = 1;
+                    }
 		}
-		if ($i<$#lines) {
-		    $i++;
-		    $lines[$i]=~
-		/Content\-Disposition\:\s*form\-data\;\s*name\=\"([^\"]+)\"/i;
-		    $name=$1;
-		    $value='';
-		    if ($lines[$i]=~/filename\=\"([^\"]+)\"/i) {
-			$fname=$1;
-			if 
-                            ($lines[$i+1]=~/Content\-Type\:\s*([\w\-\/]+)/i) {
-				$fmime=$1;
-				$i++;
-			    } else {
-				$fmime='';
-			    }
-		    } else {
-			$fname='';
-			$fmime='';
+                if (!$secmatch) {
+                    next;
+                }
+            }
+            push(@{$seclists{$student}},$section); 
+            if (defined($$types{'active'})) {
+                if ($$classlist{$student}[$idx{status}] eq 'Active') {
+                    push(@{$$users{st}{$student}},'active');
+                    $match = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            if (defined($$types{'previous'})) {
+                if ($$classlist{$student}[$idx{end}] <= $now) {
+                    push(@{$$users{st}{$student}},'previous');
+                    $match = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            if (defined($$types{'future'})) {
+                if (($$classlist{$student}[$idx{start}] > $now) && ($$classlist{$student}[$idx{end}] > $now) || ($$classlist{$student}[$idx{end}] == 0) || ($$classlist{$student}[$idx{end}] eq '')) {
+                    push(@{$$users{st}{$student}},'future');
+                    $match = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($match && ref($userdata) eq 'HASH') {
+                $$userdata{$student} = $$classlist{$student};
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ((@{$roles} > 1) || ((@{$roles} == 1) && ($$roles[0] ne "st"))) {
+        my %coursepersonnel = &Apache::lonnet::dump('nohist_userroles',$cdom,$cnum);
+        my $now = time;
+        foreach my $person (sort(keys(%coursepersonnel))) {
+            my $match = 0;
+            my $secmatch = 0;
+            my $status;
+            my ($role,$user,$usec) = ($person =~ /^([^:]*):([^:]+:[^:]+):([^:]*)/);
+            $user =~ s/:$//;
+            my ($end,$start) = split(/:/,$coursepersonnel{$person});
+            if ($end == -1 || $start == -1) {
+                next;
+            }
+            if (($role) && ((grep(/^\Q$role\E$/,@{$roles})) ||
+                (grep(/^cr$/,@{$roles}) && $role =~ /^cr\//))) {
+                my ($uname,$udom) = split(/:/,$user);
+                if ((ref($sections) eq 'ARRAY') && (@{$sections} > 0)) {
+                    if (grep(/^all$/,@{$sections})) {
+                        $secmatch = 1;
+                    } elsif ($usec eq '') {
+                        if (grep(/^none$/,@{$sections})) {
+                            $secmatch = 1;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        if (grep(/^\Q$usec\E$/,@{$sections})) {
+                            $secmatch = 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (!$secmatch) {
+                        next;
+                    }
+                }
+                if ($usec eq '') {
+                    $usec = 'none';
+                }
+                if ($uname ne '' && $udom ne '') {
+                    if ($end < $now) {
+                        $status = 'previous';
+                    } elsif ($start > $now) {
+                        $status = 'future';
+                    } else {
+                        $status = 'active';
+                    }
+                    foreach my $type (keys(%{$types})) { 
+                        if ($status eq $type) {
+                            if (!grep(/^\Q$type\E$/,@{$$users{$role}{$user}})) {
+                                push(@{$$users{$role}{$user}},$type);
+                            }
+                            $match = 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (($match) && (ref($userdata) eq 'HASH')) {
+                        if (!exists($$userdata{$uname.':'.$udom})) {
+			    &get_user_info($udom,$uname,\%idx,$userdata);
+                        }
+                        if (!grep(/^\Q$usec\E$/,@{$seclists{$uname.':'.$udom}})) {
+                            push(@{$seclists{$uname.':'.$udom}},$usec);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (grep(/^ow$/,@{$roles})) {
+            if ((defined($cdom)) && (defined($cnum))) {
+                my %csettings = &Apache::lonnet::get('environment',['internal.courseowner'],$cdom,$cnum);
+                if ( defined($csettings{'internal.courseowner'}) ) {
+                    my $owner = $csettings{'internal.courseowner'};
+                    if ($owner !~ /^[^:]+:[^:]+$/) {
+                        $owner = $owner.':'.$cdom;
+                    }
+                    @{$$users{'ow'}{$owner}} = 'any';
+                    if (defined($userdata) && 
+			!exists($$userdata{$owner.':'.$cdom})) {
+			&get_user_info($cdom,$owner,\%idx,$userdata);
+                        if (!grep(/^none$/,@{$seclists{$owner.':'.$cdom}})) {
+                            push(@{$seclists{$owner.':'.$cdom}},'none');
+                        }
 		    }
-		    $i++;
-		}
-	    } else {
-		$value.=$lines[$i]."\n";
-	    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        foreach my $user (keys(%seclists)) {
+            @{$seclists{$user}} = (sort {$a <=> $b} @{$seclists{$user}});
+            $$userdata{$user}[$idx{section}] = join(',',@{$seclists{$user}});
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub get_user_info {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$idx,$userdata) = @_;
+    $$userdata{$uname.':'.$udom}[$$idx{fullname}] = 
+	&plainname($uname,$udom,'lastname');
+    $$userdata{$uname.':'.$udom}[$$idx{uname}] = $uname;
+    $$userdata{$uname.':'.$udom}[$$idx{udom}] = $udom;
+    return;
+}
+
+sub get_secgrprole_info {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$needroles,$type)  = @_;
+    my %sections_count = &get_sections($cdom,$cnum);
+    my @sections =  (sort {$a <=> $b} keys(%sections_count));
+    my %curr_groups = &Apache::longroup::coursegroups($cdom,$cnum);
+    my @groups = sort(keys(%curr_groups));
+    my $allroles = [];
+    my $rolehash;
+    my $accesshash = {
+                     active => 'Currently has access',
+                     future => 'Will have future access',
+                     previous => 'Previously had access',
+                  };
+    if ($needroles) {
+        $rolehash = {'all' => 'all'};
+        my %user_roles = &Apache::lonnet::dump('nohist_userroles',$cdom,$cnum);
+	if (&Apache::lonnet::error(%user_roles)) {
+	    undef(%user_roles);
 	}
+        foreach my $item (keys(%user_roles)) {
+            my ($role)=split(/\:/,$item,2);
+            if ($role eq 'cr') { next; }
+            if ($role =~ /^cr/) {
+                $$rolehash{$role} = (split('/',$role))[3];
+            } else {
+                $$rolehash{$role} = &Apache::lonnet::plaintext($role,$type);
+            }
+        }
+        foreach my $key (sort(keys(%{$rolehash}))) {
+            push(@{$allroles},$key);
+        }
+        push (@{$allroles},'st');
+        $$rolehash{'st'} = &Apache::lonnet::plaintext('st',$type);
     }
-    $ENV{'request.method'}=$ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'};
-    $r->method_number(M_GET);
-    $r->method('GET');
-    $r->headers_in->unset('Content-length');
+    return (\@sections,\@groups,$allroles,$rolehash,$accesshash);
 }
 
 =pod
 
 =item * get_unprocessed_cgi($query,$possible_names)
 
-Modify the %ENV hash to contain unprocessed CGI form parameters held in
+Modify the %env hash to contain unprocessed CGI form parameters held in
 $query.  The parameters listed in $possible_names (an array reference),
-will be set in $ENV{'form.name'} if they do not already exist.
+will be set in $env{'form.name'} if they do not already exist.
 
 Typically called with $ENV{'QUERY_STRING'} as the first parameter.  
 $possible_names is an ref to an array of form element names.  As an example:
 get_unprocessed_cgi($ENV{'QUERY_STRING'},['uname','udom']);
-will result in $ENV{'form.uname'} and $ENV{'form.udom'} being set.
+will result in $env{'form.uname'} and $env{'form.udom'} being set.
 
 =cut
 
 sub get_unprocessed_cgi {
   my ($query,$possible_names)= @_;
   # $Apache::lonxml::debug=1;
-  foreach (split(/&/,$query)) {
-    my ($name, $value) = split(/=/,$_);
-    $name = &Apache::lonnet::unescape($name);
+  foreach my $pair (split(/&/,$query)) {
+    my ($name, $value) = split(/=/,$pair);
+    $name = &unescape($name);
     if (!defined($possible_names) || (grep {$_ eq $name} @$possible_names)) {
       $value =~ tr/+/ /;
       $value =~ s/%([a-fA-F0-9][a-fA-F0-9])/pack("C",hex($1))/eg;
-      &Apache::lonxml::debug("Seting :$name: to :$value:");
-      unless (defined($ENV{'form.'.$name})) { &add_to_env('form.'.$name,$value) };
+      unless (defined($env{'form.'.$name})) { &add_to_env('form.'.$name,$value) };
     }
   }
 }
@@ -2759,7 +4561,7 @@ returns cache-controlling header code
 =cut
 
 sub cacheheader {
-    unless ($ENV{'request.method'} eq 'GET') { return ''; }
+    unless ($env{'request.method'} eq 'GET') { return ''; }
     my $date=strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT",gmtime);
     my $output .='<meta HTTP-EQUIV="Expires" CONTENT="'.$date.'" />
                 <meta HTTP-EQUIV="Cache-control" CONTENT="no-cache" />
@@ -2778,7 +4580,7 @@ specifies header code to not have cache
 sub no_cache {
     my ($r) = @_;
     if ($ENV{'REQUEST_METHOD'} ne 'GET' &&
-	$ENV{'request.method'} ne 'GET') { return ''; }
+	$env{'request.method'} ne 'GET') { return ''; }
     my $date=strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT",gmtime(time));
     $r->no_cache(1);
     $r->header_out("Expires" => $date);
@@ -2787,6 +4589,11 @@ sub no_cache {
 
 sub content_type {
     my ($r,$type,$charset) = @_;
+    if ($r) {
+	#  Note that printout.pl calls this with undef for $r.
+	&no_cache($r);
+    }
+    if ($env{'browser.mathml'} && $type eq 'text/html') { $type='text/xml'; }
     unless ($charset) {
 	$charset=&Apache::lonlocal::current_encoding;
     }
@@ -2802,7 +4609,7 @@ sub content_type {
 
 =item * add_to_env($name,$value) 
 
-adds $name to the %ENV hash with value
+adds $name to the %env hash with value
 $value, if $name already exists, the entry is converted to an array
 reference and $value is added to the array.
 
@@ -2810,18 +4617,18 @@ reference and $value is added to the arr
 
 sub add_to_env {
   my ($name,$value)=@_;
-  if (defined($ENV{$name})) {
-    if (ref($ENV{$name})) {
+  if (defined($env{$name})) {
+    if (ref($env{$name})) {
       #already have multiple values
-      push(@{ $ENV{$name} },$value);
+      push(@{ $env{$name} },$value);
     } else {
       #first time seeing multiple values, convert hash entry to an arrayref
-      my $first=$ENV{$name};
-      undef($ENV{$name});
-      push(@{ $ENV{$name} },$first,$value);
+      my $first=$env{$name};
+      undef($env{$name});
+      push(@{ $env{$name} },$first,$value);
     }
   } else {
-    $ENV{$name}=$value;
+    $env{$name}=$value;
   }
 }
 
@@ -2829,7 +4636,7 @@ sub add_to_env {
 
 =item * get_env_multiple($name) 
 
-gets $name from the %ENV hash, it seemlessly handles the cases where multiple
+gets $name from the %env hash, it seemlessly handles the cases where multiple
 values may be defined and end up as an array ref.
 
 returns an array of values
@@ -2839,12 +4646,12 @@ returns an array of values
 sub get_env_multiple {
     my ($name) = @_;
     my @values;
-    if (defined($ENV{$name})) {
+    if (defined($env{$name})) {
         # exists is it an array
-        if (ref($ENV{$name})) {
-            @values=@{ $ENV{$name} };
+        if (ref($env{$name})) {
+            @values=@{ $env{$name} };
         } else {
-            $values[0]=$ENV{$name};
+            $values[0]=$env{$name};
         }
     }
     return(@values);
@@ -2862,25 +4669,25 @@ sub get_env_multiple {
 =item * upfile_store($r)
 
 Store uploaded file, $r should be the HTTP Request object,
-needs $ENV{'form.upfile'}
+needs $env{'form.upfile'}
 returns $datatoken to be put into hidden field
 
 =cut
 
 sub upfile_store {
     my $r=shift;
-    $ENV{'form.upfile'}=~s/\r/\n/gs;
-    $ENV{'form.upfile'}=~s/\f/\n/gs;
-    $ENV{'form.upfile'}=~s/\n+/\n/gs;
-    $ENV{'form.upfile'}=~s/\n+$//gs;
+    $env{'form.upfile'}=~s/\r/\n/gs;
+    $env{'form.upfile'}=~s/\f/\n/gs;
+    $env{'form.upfile'}=~s/\n+/\n/gs;
+    $env{'form.upfile'}=~s/\n+$//gs;
 
-    my $datatoken=$ENV{'user.name'}.'_'.$ENV{'user.domain'}.
-	'_enroll_'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'_'.time.'_'.$$;
+    my $datatoken=$env{'user.name'}.'_'.$env{'user.domain'}.
+	'_enroll_'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'_'.time.'_'.$$;
     {
         my $datafile = $r->dir_config('lonDaemons').
                            '/tmp/'.$datatoken.'.tmp';
         if ( open(my $fh,">$datafile") ) {
-            print $fh $ENV{'form.upfile'};
+            print $fh $env{'form.upfile'};
             close($fh);
         }
     }
@@ -2892,8 +4699,8 @@ sub upfile_store {
 =item * load_tmp_file($r)
 
 Load uploaded file from tmp, $r should be the HTTP Request object,
-needs $ENV{'form.datatoken'},
-sets $ENV{'form.upfile'} to the contents of the file
+needs $env{'form.datatoken'},
+sets $env{'form.upfile'} to the contents of the file
 
 =cut
 
@@ -2902,13 +4709,13 @@ sub load_tmp_file {
     my @studentdata=();
     {
         my $studentfile = $r->dir_config('lonDaemons').
-                              '/tmp/'.$ENV{'form.datatoken'}.'.tmp';
+                              '/tmp/'.$env{'form.datatoken'}.'.tmp';
         if ( open(my $fh,"<$studentfile") ) {
             @studentdata=<$fh>;
             close($fh);
         }
     }
-    $ENV{'form.upfile'}=join('',@studentdata);
+    $env{'form.upfile'}=join('',@studentdata);
 }
 
 =pod
@@ -2917,14 +4724,19 @@ sub load_tmp_file {
 
 Separate uploaded file into records
 returns array of records,
-needs $ENV{'form.upfile'} and $ENV{'form.upfiletype'}
+needs $env{'form.upfile'} and $env{'form.upfiletype'}
 
 =cut
 
 sub upfile_record_sep {
-    if ($ENV{'form.upfiletype'} eq 'xml') {
+    if ($env{'form.upfiletype'} eq 'xml') {
     } else {
-	return split(/\n/,$ENV{'form.upfile'});
+	my @records;
+	foreach my $line (split(/\n/,$env{'form.upfile'})) {
+	    if ($line=~/^\s*$/) { next; }
+	    push(@records,$line);
+	}
+	return @records;
     }
 }
 
@@ -2932,30 +4744,33 @@ sub upfile_record_sep {
 
 =item * record_sep($record)
 
-Separate a record into fields $record should be an item from the upfile_record_sep(), needs $ENV{'form.upfiletype'}
+Separate a record into fields $record should be an item from the upfile_record_sep(), needs $env{'form.upfiletype'}
 
 =cut
 
+sub takeleft {
+    my $index=shift;
+    return substr('0000'.$index,-4,4);
+}
+
 sub record_sep {
     my $record=shift;
     my %components=();
-    if ($ENV{'form.upfiletype'} eq 'xml') {
-    } elsif ($ENV{'form.upfiletype'} eq 'space') {
+    if ($env{'form.upfiletype'} eq 'xml') {
+    } elsif ($env{'form.upfiletype'} eq 'space') {
         my $i=0;
-        foreach (split(/\s+/,$record)) {
-            my $field=$_;
+        foreach my $field (split(/\s+/,$record)) {
             $field=~s/^(\"|\')//;
             $field=~s/(\"|\')$//;
-            $components{$i}=$field;
+            $components{&takeleft($i)}=$field;
             $i++;
         }
-    } elsif ($ENV{'form.upfiletype'} eq 'tab') {
+    } elsif ($env{'form.upfiletype'} eq 'tab') {
         my $i=0;
-        foreach (split(/\t/,$record)) {
-            my $field=$_;
+        foreach my $field (split(/\t/,$record)) {
             $field=~s/^(\"|\')//;
             $field=~s/(\"|\')$//;
-            $components{$i}=$field;
+            $components{&takeleft($i)}=$field;
             $i++;
         }
     } else {
@@ -2973,7 +4788,7 @@ sub record_sep {
                 $field=~s/^\s*$delimiter//;
                 $field=~s/$delimiter\s*$//;
             }
-            $components{$i}=$field;
+            $components{&takeleft($i)}=$field;
 	    $i++;
         }
     }
@@ -3010,6 +4825,22 @@ sub upfile_select_html {
     return $Str;
 }
 
+sub get_samples {
+    my ($records,$toget) = @_;
+    my @samples=({});
+    my $got=0;
+    foreach my $rec (@$records) {
+	my %temp = &record_sep($rec);
+	if (! grep(/\S/, values(%temp))) { next; }
+	if (%temp) {
+	    $samples[$got]=\%temp;
+	    $got++;
+	    if ($got == $toget) { last; }
+	}
+    }
+    return \@samples;
+}
+
 ######################################################
 ######################################################
 
@@ -3027,20 +4858,17 @@ Apache Request ref, $records is an array
 ######################################################
 sub csv_print_samples {
     my ($r,$records) = @_;
-    my (%sone,%stwo,%sthree);
-    %sone=&record_sep($$records[0]);
-    if (defined($$records[1])) {%stwo=&record_sep($$records[1]);}
-    if (defined($$records[2])) {%sthree=&record_sep($$records[2]);}
-    #
+    my $samples = &get_samples($records,3);
+
     $r->print(&mt('Samples').'<br /><table border="2"><tr>');
-    foreach (sort({$a <=> $b} keys(%sone))) { 
-        $r->print('<th>'.&mt('Column&nbsp;[_1]',($_+1)).'</th>'); }
+    foreach my $sample (sort({$a <=> $b} keys(%{ $samples->[0] }))) { 
+        $r->print('<th>'.&mt('Column&nbsp;[_1]',($sample+1)).'</th>'); }
     $r->print('</tr>');
-    foreach my $hash (\%sone,\%stwo,\%sthree) {
+    foreach my $hash (@$samples) {
 	$r->print('<tr>');
-	foreach (sort({$a <=> $b} keys(%sone))) {
+	foreach my $sample (sort({$a <=> $b} keys(%{ $samples->[0] }))) {
 	    $r->print('<td>');
-	    if (defined($$hash{$_})) { $r->print($$hash{$_}); }
+	    if (defined($$hash{$sample})) { $r->print($$hash{$sample}); }
 	    $r->print('</td>');
 	}
 	$r->print('</tr>');
@@ -3067,23 +4895,23 @@ $d is an array of 2 element arrays (inte
 ######################################################
 sub csv_print_select_table {
     my ($r,$records,$d) = @_;
-    my $i=0;my %sone;
-    %sone=&record_sep($$records[0]);
+    my $i=0;
+    my $samples = &get_samples($records,1);
     $r->print(&mt('Associate columns with student attributes.')."\n".
 	     '<table border="2"><tr>'.
               '<th>'.&mt('Attribute').'</th>'.
               '<th>'.&mt('Column').'</th></tr>'."\n");
-    foreach (@$d) {
-	my ($value,$display,$defaultcol)=@{ $_ };
+    foreach my $array_ref (@$d) {
+	my ($value,$display,$defaultcol)=@{ $array_ref };
 	$r->print('<tr><td>'.$display.'</td>');
 
 	$r->print('<td><select name=f'.$i.
 		  ' onchange="javascript:flip(this.form,'.$i.');">');
 	$r->print('<option value="none"></option>');
-	foreach (sort({$a <=> $b} keys(%sone))) {
-	    $r->print('<option value="'.$_.'"'.
-                      ($_ eq $defaultcol ? ' selected ' : '').
-                      '>Column '.($_+1).'</option>');
+	foreach my $sample (sort({$a <=> $b} keys(%{ $samples->[0] }))) {
+	    $r->print('<option value="'.$sample.'"'.
+                      ($sample eq $defaultcol ? ' selected="selected" ' : '').
+                      '>Column '.($sample+1).'</option>');
 	}
 	$r->print('</select></td></tr>'."\n");
 	$i++;
@@ -3111,28 +4939,27 @@ $d is an array of 2 element arrays (inte
 ######################################################
 sub csv_samples_select_table {
     my ($r,$records,$d) = @_;
-    my %sone; my %stwo; my %sthree;
     my $i=0;
     #
+    my $samples = &get_samples($records,3);
     $r->print('<table border=2><tr><th>'.
               &mt('Field').'</th><th>'.&mt('Samples').'</th></tr>');
-    %sone=&record_sep($$records[0]);
-    if (defined($$records[1])) {%stwo=&record_sep($$records[1]);}
-    if (defined($$records[2])) {%sthree=&record_sep($$records[2]);}
-    #
-    foreach (sort keys %sone) {
+
+    foreach my $key (sort(keys(%{ $samples->[0] }))) {
 	$r->print('<tr><td><select name="f'.$i.'"'.
 		  ' onchange="javascript:flip(this.form,'.$i.');">');
-	foreach (@$d) {
-	    my ($value,$display,$defaultcol)=@{ $_ };
+	foreach my $option (@$d) {
+	    my ($value,$display,$defaultcol)=@{ $option };
 	    $r->print('<option value="'.$value.'"'.
-                      ($i eq $defaultcol ? ' selected ':'').'>'.
+                      ($i eq $defaultcol ? ' selected="selected" ':'').'>'.
                       $display.'</option>');
 	}
 	$r->print('</select></td><td>');
-	if (defined($sone{$_})) { $r->print($sone{$_}."</br>\n"); }
-	if (defined($stwo{$_})) { $r->print($stwo{$_}."</br>\n"); }
-	if (defined($sthree{$_})) { $r->print($sthree{$_}."</br>\n"); }
+	foreach my $line (0..2) {
+	    if (defined($samples->[$line]{$key})) { 
+		$r->print($samples->[$line]{$key}."<br />\n"); 
+	    }
+	}
 	$r->print('</td></tr>');
 	$i++;
     }
@@ -3221,7 +5048,7 @@ the routine &Apache::lonnet::transfer_pr
 my $uniq=0;
 sub get_cgi_id {
     $uniq=($uniq+1)%100000;
-    return (time.'_'.$uniq);
+    return (time.'_'.$$.'_'.$uniq);
 }
 
 ############################################################
@@ -3257,6 +5084,9 @@ they are plotted.  If undefined, default
 =item @Values: An array of array references.  Each array reference holds data
 to be plotted in a stacked bar chart.
 
+=item If the final element of @Values is a hash reference the key/value
+pairs will be added to the graph definition.
+
 =back
 
 Returns:
@@ -3277,13 +5107,28 @@ sub DrawBarGraph {
                   '#66ccff', '#ff9999', '#cccc33', '#660000', '#33cc66',
                   ]; 
     }
+    my $extra_settings = {};
+    if (ref($Values[-1]) eq 'HASH') {
+        $extra_settings = pop(@Values);
+    }
     #
     my $identifier = &get_cgi_id();
     my $id = 'cgi.'.$identifier;        
     if (! @Values || ref($Values[0]) ne 'ARRAY') {
         return '';
     }
+    #
+    my @Labels;
+    if (defined($labels)) {
+        @Labels = @$labels;
+    } else {
+        for (my $i=0;$i<@{$Values[0]};$i++) {
+            push (@Labels,$i+1);
+        }
+    }
+    #
     my $NumBars = scalar(@{$Values[0]});
+    if ($NumBars < scalar(@Labels)) { $NumBars = scalar(@Labels); }
     my %ValuesHash;
     my $NumSets=1;
     foreach my $array (@Values) {
@@ -3293,10 +5138,14 @@ sub DrawBarGraph {
     }
     #
     my ($height,$width,$xskip,$bar_width) = (200,120,1,15);
-    if ($NumBars < 5) {
-        $width = 120+$NumBars*25;
+    if ($NumBars < 3) {
+        $width = 120+$NumBars*32;
+        $xskip = 1;
+        $bar_width = 30;
+    } elsif ($NumBars < 5) {
+        $width = 120+$NumBars*20;
         $xskip = 1;
-        $bar_width = 25;
+        $bar_width = 20;
     } elsif ($NumBars < 10) {
         $width = 120+$NumBars*15;
         $xskip = 1;
@@ -3315,15 +5164,6 @@ sub DrawBarGraph {
         $bar_width = 4;
     }
     #
-    my @Labels;
-    if (defined($labels)) {
-        @Labels = @$labels;
-    } else {
-        for (my $i=0;$i<@{$Values[0]};$i++) {
-            push (@Labels,$i+1);
-        }
-    }
-    #
     $Max = 1 if ($Max < 1);
     if ( int($Max) < $Max ) {
         $Max++;
@@ -3332,9 +5172,9 @@ sub DrawBarGraph {
     $Title  = '' if (! defined($Title));
     $xlabel = '' if (! defined($xlabel));
     $ylabel = '' if (! defined($ylabel));
-    $ValuesHash{$id.'.title'}    = &Apache::lonnet::escape($Title);
-    $ValuesHash{$id.'.xlabel'}   = &Apache::lonnet::escape($xlabel);
-    $ValuesHash{$id.'.ylabel'}   = &Apache::lonnet::escape($ylabel);
+    $ValuesHash{$id.'.title'}    = &escape($Title);
+    $ValuesHash{$id.'.xlabel'}   = &escape($xlabel);
+    $ValuesHash{$id.'.ylabel'}   = &escape($ylabel);
     $ValuesHash{$id.'.y_max_value'} = $Max;
     $ValuesHash{$id.'.NumBars'}  = $NumBars;
     $ValuesHash{$id.'.NumSets'}  = $NumSets;
@@ -3346,6 +5186,11 @@ sub DrawBarGraph {
     $ValuesHash{$id.'.bar_width'} = $bar_width;
     $ValuesHash{$id.'.labels'} = join(',',@Labels);
     #
+    # Deal with other parameters
+    while (my ($key,$value) = each(%$extra_settings)) {
+        $ValuesHash{$id.'.'.$key} = $value;
+    }
+    #
     &Apache::lonnet::appenv(%ValuesHash);
     return '<img src="/cgi-bin/graph.png?'.$identifier.'" border="1" />';
 }
@@ -3409,9 +5254,9 @@ sub DrawXYGraph {
     $ylabel = '' if (! defined($ylabel));
     my %ValuesHash = 
         (
-         $id.'.title'  => &Apache::lonnet::escape($Title),
-         $id.'.xlabel' => &Apache::lonnet::escape($xlabel),
-         $id.'.ylabel' => &Apache::lonnet::escape($ylabel),
+         $id.'.title'  => &escape($Title),
+         $id.'.xlabel' => &escape($xlabel),
+         $id.'.ylabel' => &escape($ylabel),
          $id.'.y_max_value'=> $Max,
          $id.'.labels'     => join(',',@$Xlabels),
          $id.'.PlotType'   => 'XY',
@@ -3506,9 +5351,9 @@ sub DrawXYYGraph {
     $ylabel = '' if (! defined($ylabel));
     my %ValuesHash = 
         (
-         $id.'.title'  => &Apache::lonnet::escape($Title),
-         $id.'.xlabel' => &Apache::lonnet::escape($xlabel),
-         $id.'.ylabel' => &Apache::lonnet::escape($ylabel),
+         $id.'.title'  => &escape($Title),
+         $id.'.xlabel' => &escape($xlabel),
+         $id.'.ylabel' => &escape($ylabel),
          $id.'.labels' => join(',',@$Xlabels),
          $id.'.PlotType' => 'XY',
          $id.'.NumSets' => 2,
@@ -3580,7 +5425,7 @@ Inputs:
 sub chartlink {
     my ($linktext, $sname, $sdomain) = @_;
     my $link = '<a href="/adm/statistics?reportSelected=student_assessment'.
-        '&amp;SelectedStudent='.&Apache::lonnet::escape($sname.':'.$sdomain).
+        '&amp;SelectedStudent='.&escape($sname.':'.$sdomain).
         '&amp;chartoutputmode='.HTML::Entities::encode('html, with all links').
        '">'.$linktext.'</a>';
 }
@@ -3610,6 +5455,7 @@ a hash ref describing the data to be sto
     'chartoutputmode' => 'scalar',
     'chartoutputdata' => 'scalar',
     'Section' => 'array',
+    'Group' => 'array',
     'StudentData' => 'array',
     'Maps' => 'array');
 
@@ -3622,34 +5468,35 @@ Returns: both routines return nothing
 sub store_course_settings {
     # save to the environment
     # appenv the same items, just to be safe
-    my $courseid = $ENV{'request.course.id'};
-    my $coursedom = $ENV{'course.'.$courseid.'.domain'};
+    my $courseid = $env{'request.course.id'};
+    my $udom  = $env{'user.domain'};
+    my $uname = $env{'user.name'};
     my ($prefix,$Settings) = @_;
     my %SaveHash;
     my %AppHash;
     while (my ($setting,$type) = each(%$Settings)) {
-        my $basename = 'internal.'.$prefix.'.'.$setting;
-        my $envname = 'course.'.$courseid.'.'.$basename;
-        if (exists($ENV{'form.'.$setting})) {
+        my $basename = join('.','internal',$courseid,$prefix,$setting);
+        my $envname = 'environment.'.$basename;
+        if (exists($env{'form.'.$setting})) {
             # Save this value away
             if ($type eq 'scalar' &&
-                (! exists($ENV{$envname}) || 
-                 $ENV{$envname} ne $ENV{'form.'.$setting})) {
-                $SaveHash{$basename} = $ENV{'form.'.$setting};
-                $AppHash{$envname}   = $ENV{'form.'.$setting};
+                (! exists($env{$envname}) || 
+                 $env{$envname} ne $env{'form.'.$setting})) {
+                $SaveHash{$basename} = $env{'form.'.$setting};
+                $AppHash{$envname}   = $env{'form.'.$setting};
             } elsif ($type eq 'array') {
                 my $stored_form;
-                if (ref($ENV{'form.'.$setting})) {
+                if (ref($env{'form.'.$setting})) {
                     $stored_form = join(',',
                                         map {
-                                            &Apache::lonnet::escape($_);
-                                        } sort(@{$ENV{'form.'.$setting}}));
+                                            &escape($_);
+                                        } sort(@{$env{'form.'.$setting}}));
                 } else {
                     $stored_form = 
-                        &Apache::lonnet::escape($ENV{'form.'.$setting});
+                        &escape($env{'form.'.$setting});
                 }
                 # Determine if the array contents are the same.
-                if ($stored_form ne $ENV{$envname}) {
+                if ($stored_form ne $env{$envname}) {
                     $SaveHash{$basename} = $stored_form;
                     $AppHash{$envname}   = $stored_form;
                 }
@@ -3657,8 +5504,7 @@ sub store_course_settings {
         }
     }
     my $put_result = &Apache::lonnet::put('environment',\%SaveHash,
-                                          $coursedom,
-                                          $ENV{'course.'.$courseid.'.num'});
+                                          $udom,$uname);
     if ($put_result !~ /^(ok|delayed)/) {
         &Apache::lonnet::logthis('unable to save form parameters, '.
                                  'got error:'.$put_result);
@@ -3669,20 +5515,20 @@ sub store_course_settings {
 }
 
 sub restore_course_settings {
-    my $courseid = $ENV{'request.course.id'};
+    my $courseid = $env{'request.course.id'};
     my ($prefix,$Settings) = @_;
     while (my ($setting,$type) = each(%$Settings)) {
-        next if (exists($ENV{'form.'.$setting}));
-        my $envname = 'course.'.$courseid.'.internal.'.$prefix.
+        next if (exists($env{'form.'.$setting}));
+        my $envname = 'environment.internal.'.$courseid.'.'.$prefix.
             '.'.$setting;
-        if (exists($ENV{$envname})) {
+        if (exists($env{$envname})) {
             if ($type eq 'scalar') {
-                $ENV{'form.'.$setting} = $ENV{$envname};
+                $env{'form.'.$setting} = $env{$envname};
             } elsif ($type eq 'array') {
-                $ENV{'form.'.$setting} = [ 
+                $env{'form.'.$setting} = [ 
                                            map { 
-                                               &Apache::lonnet::unescape($_); 
-                                           } split(',',$ENV{$envname})
+                                               &unescape($_); 
+                                           } split(',',$env{$envname})
                                            ];
             }
         }
@@ -3692,15 +5538,397 @@ sub restore_course_settings {
 ############################################################
 ############################################################
 
-sub propath {
-    my ($udom,$uname)=@_;
-    $udom=~s/\W//g;
-    $uname=~s/\W//g;
-    my $subdir=$uname.'__';
-    $subdir =~ s/(.)(.)(.).*/$1\/$2\/$3/;
-    my $proname="$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonUsersDir'}/$udom/$subdir/$uname";
-    return $proname;
-} 
+sub commit_customrole {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$three,$four,$five,$start,$end) = @_;
+    my $output = &mt('Assigning custom role').' "'.$five.'" by '.$four.'@'.$three.' in '.$url.
+                         ($start?', '.&mt('starting').' '.localtime($start):'').
+                         ($end?', ending '.localtime($end):'').': <b>'.
+              &Apache::lonnet::assigncustomrole(
+                 $udom,$uname,$url,$three,$four,$five,$end,$start).
+                 '</b><br />';
+    return $output;
+}
+
+sub commit_standardrole {
+    my ($udom,$uname,$url,$three,$start,$end,$one,$two,$sec) = @_;
+    my $output;
+    my $logmsg;
+    if ($three eq 'st') {
+        my $result = &commit_studentrole(\$logmsg,$udom,$uname,$url,$three,$start,$end,$one,$two,$sec);
+        if (($result =~ /^error/) || ($result eq 'not_in_class') || ($result eq 'unknown_course')) {
+            $output = "Error: $result\n"; 
+        } else {
+            $output = &mt('Assigning').' '.$three.' in '.$url.
+               ($start?', '.&mt('starting').' '.localtime($start):'').
+               ($end?', '.&mt('ending').' '.localtime($end):'').
+               ': <b>'.$result.'</b><br />'.
+               &mt('Add to classlist').': <b>ok</b><br />';
+        }
+    } else {
+        $output = &mt('Assigning').' '.$three.' in '.$url.
+               ($start?', '.&mt('starting').' '.localtime($start):'').
+               ($end?', '.&mt('ending').' '.localtime($end):'').': <b>'.
+               &Apache::lonnet::assignrole(
+                   $udom,$uname,$url,$three,$end,$start).
+                   '</b><br />';
+    }
+    return $output;
+}
+
+sub commit_studentrole {
+    my ($logmsg,$udom,$uname,$url,$three,$start,$end,$one,$two,$sec) = @_;
+    my $linefeed =  '<br />'."\n";
+    my $result;
+    if (defined($one) && defined($two)) {
+        my $cid=$one.'_'.$two;
+        my $oldsec=&Apache::lonnet::getsection($udom,$uname,$cid);
+        my $secchange = 0;
+        my $expire_role_result;
+        my $modify_section_result;
+        unless ($oldsec eq '-1') {
+            unless ($sec eq $oldsec) {
+                $secchange = 1;
+                my $uurl='/'.$cid;
+                $uurl=~s/\_/\//g;
+                if ($oldsec) {
+                    $uurl.='/'.$oldsec;
+                }
+                $expire_role_result = &Apache::lonnet::assignrole($udom,$uname,$uurl,'st',time);
+                $result = $expire_role_result;
+            }
+        }
+        if (($expire_role_result eq 'ok') || ($secchange == 0)) {
+            $modify_section_result = &Apache::lonnet::modify_student_enrollment($udom,$uname,undef,undef,undef,undef,undef,$sec,$end,$start,'','',$cid);
+            if ($modify_section_result =~ /^ok/) {
+                if ($secchange == 1) {
+                    $$logmsg .= "Section for $uname switched from old section: $oldsec to new section: $sec".$linefeed;
+                } elsif ($oldsec eq '-1') {
+                    $$logmsg .= "New student role for $uname in section $sec in course $cid".$linefeed;
+                } else {
+                    $$logmsg .= "Student $uname assigned to unchanged section $sec in course $cid".$linefeed;
+                }
+            } else {
+                $$logmsg .= "Error when attempting section change for $uname from old section $oldsec to new section: $sec in course $cid -error: $modify_section_result".$linefeed;
+            }
+            $result = $modify_section_result;
+        } elsif ($secchange == 1) {
+            $$logmsg .= "Error when attempting to expire role for $uname in old section $oldsec in course $cid -error: $expire_role_result".$linefeed;
+        }
+    } else {
+        $$logmsg .= "Incomplete course id defined.  Addition of user $uname from domain $udom to course $one\_$two, section $sec not completed.$linefeed";
+        $result = "error: incomplete course id\n";
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+############################################################
+############################################################
+
+sub construct_course {
+    my ($args,$logmsg,$courseid,$crsudom,$crsunum,$udom,$uname) = @_;
+    my $outcome;
+
+#
+# Open course
+#
+    my $crstype = lc($args->{'crstype'});
+    my %cenv=();
+    $$courseid=&Apache::lonnet::createcourse($args->{'course_domain'},
+                                             $args->{'cdescr'},
+                                             $args->{'curl'},
+                                             $args->{'course_home'},
+                                             $args->{'nonstandard'},
+                                             $args->{'crscode'},
+                                             $args->{'ccuname'}.':'.
+                                             $args->{'ccdomain'},
+                                             $args->{'crstype'});
+
+    # Note: The testing routines depend on this being output; see 
+    # Utils::Course. This needs to at least be output as a comment
+    # if anyone ever decides to not show this, and Utils::Course::new
+    # will need to be suitably modified.
+    $outcome .= &mt('New LON-CAPA [_1] ID: [_2]<br />',$crstype,$$courseid);
+#
+# Check if created correctly
+#
+    ($$crsudom,$$crsunum)=($$courseid=~/^\/(\w+)\/(\w+)$/);
+    my $crsuhome=&Apache::lonnet::homeserver($$crsunum,$$crsudom);
+    $outcome .= &mt('Created on').': '.$crsuhome.'<br>';
+#
+# Are we cloning?
+#
+    my $cloneid='';
+    if (($args->{'clonecourse'}) && ($args->{'clonedomain'})) {
+	$cloneid='/'.$args->{'clonedomain'}.'/'.$args->{'clonecourse'};
+        my ($clonecrsudom,$clonecrsunum)=($cloneid=~/^\/(\w+)\/(\w+)$/);
+	my $clonehome=&Apache::lonnet::homeserver($clonecrsunum,$clonecrsudom);
+	if ($clonehome eq 'no_host') {
+	    $outcome .=
+    '<br /><font color="red">'.&mt('Attempting to clone non-existing [_1]',$crstype).' '.$cloneid.'</font>';
+	} else {
+	    $outcome .= 
+    '<br /><font color="green">'.&mt('Cloning [_1] from [_2]',$crstype,$clonehome).'</font>';
+	    my %oldcenv=&Apache::lonnet::dump('environment',$$crsudom,$$crsunum);
+# Copy all files
+	    &Apache::lonclonecourse::copycoursefiles($cloneid,$$courseid);
+# Restore URL
+	    $cenv{'url'}=$oldcenv{'url'};
+# Restore title
+	    $cenv{'description'}=$oldcenv{'description'};
+# restore grading mode
+	    if (defined($oldcenv{'grading'})) {
+		$cenv{'grading'}=$oldcenv{'grading'};
+	    }
+# Mark as cloned
+	    $cenv{'clonedfrom'}=$cloneid;
+	    delete($cenv{'default_enrollment_start_date'});
+	    delete($cenv{'default_enrollment_end_date'});
+	}
+    }
+#
+# Set environment (will override cloned, if existing)
+#
+    my @sections = ();
+    my @xlists = ();
+    if ($args->{'crstype'}) {
+        $cenv{'type'}=$args->{'crstype'};
+    }
+    if ($args->{'crsid'}) {
+        $cenv{'courseid'}=$args->{'crsid'};
+    }
+    if ($args->{'crscode'}) {
+        $cenv{'internal.coursecode'}=$args->{'crscode'};
+    }
+    if ($args->{'crsquota'} ne '') {
+        $cenv{'internal.coursequota'}=$args->{'crsquota'};
+    } else {
+        $cenv{'internal.coursequota'}=$args->{'crsquota'} = 20;
+    }
+    if ($args->{'ccuname'}) {
+        $cenv{'internal.courseowner'} = $args->{'ccuname'}.
+                                        ':'.$args->{'ccdomain'};
+    } else {
+        $cenv{'internal.courseowner'} = $args->{'curruser'};
+    }
+
+    my @badclasses = (); # Used to accumulate sections/crosslistings that did not pass classlist access check for course owner.
+    if ($args->{'crssections'}) {
+        $cenv{'internal.sectionnums'} = '';
+        if ($args->{'crssections'} =~ m/,/) {
+            @sections = split/,/,$args->{'crssections'};
+        } else {
+            $sections[0] = $args->{'crssections'};
+        }
+        if (@sections > 0) {
+            foreach my $item (@sections) {
+                my ($sec,$gp) = split/:/,$item;
+                my $class = $args->{'crscode'}.$sec;
+                my $addcheck = &Apache::lonnet::auto_new_course($$crsunum,$$crsudom,$class,$cenv{'internal.courseowner'});
+                $cenv{'internal.sectionnums'} .= $item.',';
+                unless ($addcheck eq 'ok') {
+                    push @badclasses, $class;
+                }
+            }
+            $cenv{'internal.sectionnums'} =~ s/,$//;
+        }
+    }
+# do not hide course coordinator from staff listing, 
+# even if privileged
+    $cenv{'nothideprivileged'}=$args->{'ccuname'}.':'.$args->{'ccdomain'};
+# add crosslistings
+    if ($args->{'crsxlist'}) {
+        $cenv{'internal.crosslistings'}='';
+        if ($args->{'crsxlist'} =~ m/,/) {
+            @xlists = split/,/,$args->{'crsxlist'};
+        } else {
+            $xlists[0] = $args->{'crsxlist'};
+        }
+        if (@xlists > 0) {
+            foreach my $item (@xlists) {
+                my ($xl,$gp) = split/:/,$item;
+                my $addcheck =  &Apache::lonnet::auto_new_course($$crsunum,$$crsudom,$xl,$cenv{'internal.courseowner'});
+                $cenv{'internal.crosslistings'} .= $item.',';
+                unless ($addcheck eq 'ok') {
+                    push @badclasses, $xl;
+                }
+            }
+            $cenv{'internal.crosslistings'} =~ s/,$//;
+        }
+    }
+    if ($args->{'autoadds'}) {
+        $cenv{'internal.autoadds'}=$args->{'autoadds'};
+    }
+    if ($args->{'autodrops'}) {
+        $cenv{'internal.autodrops'}=$args->{'autodrops'};
+    }
+# check for notification of enrollment changes
+    my @notified = ();
+    if ($args->{'notify_owner'}) {
+        if ($args->{'ccuname'} ne '') {
+            push(@notified,$args->{'ccuname'}.':'.$args->{'ccdomain'});
+        }
+    }
+    if ($args->{'notify_dc'}) {
+        if ($uname ne '') { 
+            push(@notified,$uname.'@'.$udom);
+        }
+    }
+    if (@notified > 0) {
+        my $notifylist;
+        if (@notified > 1) {
+            $notifylist = join(',',@notified);
+        } else {
+            $notifylist = $notified[0];
+        }
+        $cenv{'internal.notifylist'} = $notifylist;
+    }
+    if (@badclasses > 0) {
+        my %lt=&Apache::lonlocal::texthash(
+                'tclb' => 'The courses listed below were included as sections or crosslistings affiliated with your new LON-CAPA course.  However, if automated course roster updates are enabled for this class, these particular sections/crosslistings will not contribute towards enrollment, because the user identified as the course owner for this LON-CAPA course',
+                'dnhr' => 'does not have rights to access enrollment in these classes',
+                'adby' => 'as determined by the policies of your institution on access to official classlists'
+        );
+        $outcome .= '<font color="red">'.$lt{'tclb'}.' ('.$cenv{'internal.courseowner'}.') - '.$lt{'dnhr'}.' ('.$lt{'adby'}.').<br /><ul>'."\n";
+        foreach (@badclasses) {
+            $outcome .= "<li>$_</li>\n";
+        }
+        $outcome .= "</ul><br /><br /></font>\n";
+    }
+    if ($args->{'no_end_date'}) {
+        $args->{'endaccess'} = 0;
+    }
+    $cenv{'internal.autostart'}=$args->{'enrollstart'};
+    $cenv{'internal.autoend'}=$args->{'enrollend'};
+    $cenv{'default_enrollment_start_date'}=$args->{'startaccess'};
+    $cenv{'default_enrollment_end_date'}=$args->{'endaccess'};
+    if ($args->{'showphotos'}) {
+      $cenv{'internal.showphotos'}=$args->{'showphotos'};
+    }
+    $cenv{'internal.authtype'} = $args->{'authtype'};
+    $cenv{'internal.autharg'} = $args->{'autharg'}; 
+    if ( ($cenv{'internal.authtype'} =~ /^krb/) && ($cenv{'internal.autoadds'} == 1)) {
+        if (! defined($cenv{'internal.autharg'}) || $cenv{'internal.autharg'}  eq '') {
+            $outcome .= '<font color="red" size="+1">'.
+                      &mt('As you did not include the default Kerberos domain to be used for authentication in this class, the institutional data used by the automated enrollment process must include the Kerberos domain for each new student').'</font></p>';
+        }
+    }
+    if (($args->{'ccdomain'}) && ($args->{'ccuname'})) {
+       if ($args->{'setpolicy'}) {
+           $cenv{'policy.email'}=$args->{'ccuname'}.':'.$args->{'ccdomain'};
+       }
+       if ($args->{'setcontent'}) {
+           $cenv{'question.email'}=$args->{'ccuname'}.':'.$args->{'ccdomain'};
+       }
+    }
+    if ($args->{'reshome'}) {
+	$cenv{'reshome'}=$args->{'reshome'}.'/';
+	$cenv{'reshome'}=~s/\/+$/\//;
+    }
+#
+# course has keyed access
+#
+    if ($args->{'setkeys'}) {
+       $cenv{'keyaccess'}='yes';
+    }
+# if specified, key authority is not course, but user
+# only active if keyaccess is yes
+    if ($args->{'keyauth'}) {
+	$args->{'keyauth'}=~s/[^\w\@]//g;
+	if ($args->{'keyauth'}) {
+	    $cenv{'keyauth'}=$args->{'keyauth'};
+	}
+    }
+
+    if ($args->{'disresdis'}) {
+        $cenv{'pch.roles.denied'}='st';
+    }
+    if ($args->{'disablechat'}) {
+        $cenv{'plc.roles.denied'}='st';
+    }
+
+    # Record we've not yet viewed the Course Initialization Helper for this 
+    # course
+    $cenv{'course.helper.not.run'} = 1;
+    #
+    # Use new Randomseed
+    #
+    $cenv{'rndseed'}=&Apache::lonnet::latest_rnd_algorithm_id();;
+    $cenv{'receiptalg'}=&Apache::lonnet::latest_receipt_algorithm_id();;
+    #
+    # The encryption code and receipt prefix for this course
+    #
+    $cenv{'internal.encseed'}=$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonReceipt'}.$$.time.int(rand(9999));
+    $cenv{'internal.encpref'}=100+int(9*rand(99));
+    #
+    # By default, use standard grading
+    if (!defined($cenv{'grading'})) { $cenv{'grading'} = 'standard'; }
+
+    $outcome .= ('<br />'.&mt('Setting environment').': '.                 
+          &Apache::lonnet::put('environment',\%cenv,$$crsudom,$$crsunum).'<br>');
+#
+# Open all assignments
+#
+    if ($args->{'openall'}) {
+       my $storeunder=$$crsudom.'_'.$$crsunum.'.0.opendate';
+       my %storecontent = ($storeunder         => time,
+                           $storeunder.'.type' => 'date_start');
+       
+       $outcome .= &mt('Opening all assignments').': '.&Apache::lonnet::cput
+                 ('resourcedata',\%storecontent,$$crsudom,$$crsunum).'<br>';
+   }
+#
+# Set first page
+#
+    unless (($args->{'nonstandard'}) || ($args->{'firstres'} eq 'blank')
+	    || ($cloneid)) {
+	use LONCAPA::map;
+	$outcome .= &mt('Setting first resource').': ';
+
+	my $map = '/uploaded/'.$$crsudom.'/'.$$crsunum.'/default.sequence';
+        my ($errtext,$fatal)=&LONCAPA::map::mapread($map);
+
+        $outcome .= ($fatal?$errtext:'read ok').' - ';
+        my $title; my $url;
+        if ($args->{'firstres'} eq 'syl') {
+	    $title='Syllabus';
+            $url='/public/'.$$crsudom.'/'.$$crsunum.'/syllabus';
+        } else {
+            $title='Navigate Contents';
+            $url='/adm/navmaps';
+        }
+
+        $LONCAPA::map::resources[1]=$title.':'.$url.':false:start:res';
+	(my $outtext,$errtext) = &LONCAPA::map::storemap($map,1);
+
+	if ($errtext) { $fatal=2; }
+        $outcome .= ($fatal?$errtext:'write ok').'<br />';
+    }
+    return $outcome;
+}
+
+############################################################
+############################################################
+
+sub course_type {
+    my ($cid) = @_;
+    if (!defined($cid)) {
+        $cid = $env{'request.course.id'};
+    }
+    if (defined($env{'course.'.$cid.'.type'})) {
+        return $env{'course.'.$cid.'.type'};
+    } else {
+        return 'Course';
+    }
+}
+
+sub group_term {
+    my $crstype = &course_type();
+    my %names = (
+                  'Course' => 'group',
+                  'Group' => 'team',
+                );
+    return $names{$crstype};
+}
 
 sub icon {
     my ($file)=@_;
@@ -3715,7 +5943,7 @@ sub icon {
 		$curfext.".gif";
 	}
     }
-    return $iconname;
+    return &lonhttpdurl($iconname);
 } 
 
 sub lonhttpdurl {
@@ -3732,70 +5960,30 @@ sub connection_aborted {
     return $c->aborted();
 }
 
-#
 #    Escapes strings that may have embedded 's that will be put into
 #    strings as 'strings'.
-#    The assumptions are:
-#       There has been no effort to escape ' with \'
-#       Any \'s in the string are intended to be there as part of the URL
-#        and must also be escaped.
-# Parameters:
-#     input     - The string to escape.
-# Returns:
-#     The escaped string (' replaced by \' and \ replaced by \\).
-#
 sub escape_single {
     my ($input) = @_;
-
-    #  I imagine a regexp wizard could combine the two expressions below.
-    #  If you do you might want to comment the result.
-
-    $input =~ s/\\/\\\\/g;	# Escape the /'s..(must be first)>
+    $input =~ s/\\/\\\\/g;	# Escape the \'s..(must be first)>
     $input =~ s/\'/\\\'/g;	# Esacpe the 's....
-
     return $input;
 }
+
 #  Same as escape_single, but escape's "'s  This 
 #  can be used for  "strings"
-#
-# Parameters:
-#     input     - The string to escape.
-# Returns:
-#     The escaped string (" replaced by \" and \ replaced by \\).
-#
 sub escape_double {
     my ($input) = @_;
-
-    #  I imagine a regexp wizard could combine the two expressions below.
-    #  If you do you might want to comment the result.
-
     $input =~ s/\\/\\\\/g;	# Escape the /'s..(must be first)>
     $input =~ s/\"/\\\"/g;	# Esacpe the "s....
-
     return $input;
 }
-#
+ 
 #   Escapes the last element of a full URL.
-#
-# Parameters:
-#    url    - The url to escape.
-# Returns:
-#    The url with the last element escaped via lonnet::escape.
-#
 sub escape_url {
     my ($url)   = @_;
-    my @urlslices = split(/\//, $url);
-
-    my $lastitem  = $urlslices[scalar(@urlslices) -1];
-    $lastitem     = &Apache::lonnet::escape($lastitem);
-    
-    my $escaped_url;
-    for (my $i = 0; $i < scalar(@urlslices) -1; $i++) {
-	$escaped_url .= $urlslices[$i] .'/';
-    }
-    $escaped_url     .= $lastitem ;
-
-    return $escaped_url;
+    my @urlslices = split(/\//, $url,-1);
+    my $lastitem = &escape(pop(@urlslices));
+    return join('/',@urlslices).'/'.$lastitem;
 }
 =pod