--- loncom/interface/lonstatistics.pm 2002/03/07 00:05:21 1.9 +++ loncom/interface/lonstatistics.pm 2002/05/31 13:47:01 1.25 @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ # The LearningOnline Network with CAPA # (Publication Handler # -# $Id: lonstatistics.pm,v 1.9 2002/03/07 00:05:21 minaeibi Exp $ +# $Id: lonstatistics.pm,v 1.25 2002/05/31 13:47:01 minaeibi Exp $ # # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees # @@ -27,18 +27,21 @@ # # (Navigate problems for statistical reports # YEAR=2001 -# 5/05,7/09,7/25/01,8/11,9/13,9/26,10/5,10/9,10/22,10/26 Behrouz Minaei -# 11/1, 11/4, 11/16, 12/14, 12/16, 12/18,12/20,12/31 Behrouz Minaei +# 5/5,7/9,7/25/1,8/11,9/13,9/26,10/5,10/9,10/22,10/26 Behrouz Minaei +# 11/1,11/4,11/16,12/14,12/16,12/18,12/20,12/31 Behrouz Minaei # YEAR=2002 -# 1/22, 2/1, 2/6, 2/25, 3/2, 3/6 Behrouz Minaei +# 1/22,2/1,2/6,2/25,3/2,3/6,3/17,3/21,3/22,3/26,4/7,5/6 Behrouz Minaei +# 5/12,5/14,5/15,5/19,5/26 Behrouz Minaei +# ### package Apache::lonstatistics; -use strict; +use strict; use Apache::Constants qw(:common :http); use Apache::lonnet(); use Apache::lonhomework; +use Apache::loncommon; use HTML::TokeParser; use GDBM_File; @@ -46,6 +49,7 @@ use GDBM_File; my %hash; my %CachData; my %GraphDat; +my %OpResp; my %maps; my %mapsort; my %section; @@ -65,8 +69,6 @@ my $Pos; my $r; my $OpSel1; my $OpSel2; -my $OpSelDis1; -my $OpSelDis2; my $OpSel3; my $OpSel4; my $GData; @@ -76,9 +78,355 @@ my $lastres; my $DiscFlag; my $HWN; my $P_Order; +my %color; +my %foil_to_concept; +my @Concepts; +my %ConceptData; my %Header = (0,"Homework Sets Order",1,"#Stdnts",2,"Tries",3,"Mod", 4,"Mean",5,"#YES",6,"#yes",7,"%Wrng",8,"DoDiff", 9,"S.D.",10,"Skew.",11,"D.F.1st",12,"D.F.2nd"); +my %Answer = (); + + +sub Activity { + my $file="/home/minaeibi/minaei"; + my $userid='billskat'; + $r->print("
Using $file"); + $r->rflush(); + open(FILEID, "<$file"); + my $line; + my @allaccess; + my $Count=0; + while ($line=) { + my ($time,$machine,$what)=split(':',$line); + $what=&Apache::lonnet::unescape($what); + my @accesses=split('&',$what); + foreach my $access (@accesses) { + my ($date,$resource,$who,$domain,$post,@posts)=split(':',$access); + if ($who ne $userid) { next; } + if (!$resource) { next; } + my $res=&Apache::lonnet::unescape($resource); + #if (($key=~/\.(\w+)\.(\w+)\.submission$/)) { + #if ($meta=~/\.(problem|exam|quiz|assess|survey|form)$/) { + # foreach my $Key(split(/\,/,&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,'keys'))) { + # if ($Key=~/^stores\_(\w+)\_tries$/) { + + # if (($res =~ /^\/res\/adm/)) { + $Count++; + $r->print("
$Count) $date: $who --> $res"); + if ($post) { + $Count++; + $r->print("
$Count) Sent data ".join(':', + &Apache::lonnet::unescape(@posts)).''); + } + $r->rflush(); + # } + ## push (@allaccess,unescape($access)); + #print $machine; + } + } +# @allaccess=sort(@allaccess); +# $Count=0; +# foreach my $access (@allaccess) { +# my ($date,$resource,$who,$domain,$post,@posts)=split(':',$access); +# $Count++; +# $r->print("
$Count) $date: $who --> $resource"); +# $r->rflush(); +# if ($post) { +# $r->print("
Sent data ".join(':',unescape(@posts)).''); +# } +# } +} + + + +sub InitAnalysis { + my ($rid, $student)=@_; + my ($uname,$udom)=split(/\:/,$student); + $rid=~/(\d+)\.(\d+)/; + my $symb=&Apache::lonnet::declutter($hash{'map_id_'.$1}).'___'.$2.'___'. + &Apache::lonnet::declutter($hash{'src_'.$rid}); + my $URI = $hash{'src_'.$rid}; + my $Answ=&Apache::lonnet::ssi($URI,('grade_target' => 'analyze', + 'grade_username' => $uname, + 'grade_domain' => $udom, + 'grade_courseid' => $cid, + 'grade_symb' => $symb)); +# my $Answ=&Apache::lonnet::ssi($URI,('grade_target' => 'analyze')); + + (my $garbage,$Answ)=split(/_HASH_REF__/,$Answ,2); + %Answer=(); + %Answer=&Apache::lonnet::str2hash($Answ); + + my $parts=''; + foreach my $elm (@{$Answer{"parts"}}) { + $parts.="$elm,"; + } + chop($parts); + my $conc=''; + foreach my $elm (@{$Answer{"$parts.concepts"}}) { + $conc.="$elm@"; + } + chop($conc); + + @Concepts=split(/\@/,$conc); + foreach my $concept (@{$Answer{"$parts.concepts"}}) { + foreach my $foil (@{$Answer{"$parts.concept.$concept"}}) { + $foil_to_concept{$foil} = $concept; + #$ConceptData{$foil} = $Answer{"$parts.foil.value.$foil"}; + } + } + return $symb; +} + + +sub Interval { + my ($rid,$part,$symb)=@_; + my $Int=$ConceptData{"Interval"}; + my $due = &Apache::lonnet::EXT('resource.$part.duedate',$symb)+1; + my $opn = &Apache::lonnet::EXT('resource.$part.opendate',$symb); + my $add=int(($due-$opn)/$Int); + $ConceptData{"Int.0"}=$opn; + for (my $i=1;$i<$Int;$i++) { + $ConceptData{"Int.$i"}=$opn+$i*$add; + } + $ConceptData{"Int.$Int"}=$due; + for (my $i=0;$i<$Int;$i++) { + for (my $n=0; $n<=$#Concepts; $n++ ) { + my $tmp=$Concepts[$n]; + $ConceptData{"$tmp.$i.true"}=0; + $ConceptData{"$tmp.$i.false"}=0; + } + } +} + + +sub ShowOpGraph { + my ($InpStr, $Int_No)=@_; + my ($rid,$part)=split(/\:/,substr($InpStr,8)); + $ConceptData{"Interval"}=$Int_No; + #Initialize the option response true answers + my $symb=&InitAnalysis($rid,$students[0]); + #compute the intervals + &Interval($rid,$part,$symb); + my $URI = $hash{'src_'.$rid}; + my $Src = $hash{'title_'.$rid}; + $Src =~ s/\ /"_"/eg; + $r->print('
'.$URI.''); + $r->rflush(); + + #Java script Progress window + &Create_PrgWin(); + &Update_PrgWin("Starting to analyze problem"); + for (my $index=0;$index<=$#students;$index++) { + &Update_PrgWin($index); + &OpStatus($rid,$students[$index]); + } + &Close_PrgWin(); + + $r->print('
'); + for (my $k=0; $k<$Int_No; $k++ ) { + &DrawGraph($k,$Src); + } + for (my $k=0; $k<$Int_No; $k++ ) { + &DrawTable($k); + } +#$Apache::lonxml::debug=1; +#&Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%ConceptData); +#$Apache::lonxml::debug=0; + my $Answ=&Apache::lonnet::ssi($URI); + $r->print("
Here you can see the Problem:
$Answ"); +} + + +sub DrawTable { + my $k=shift; + my $Max=0; + my @data1; + my @data2; + my $Correct=0; + my $Wrong=0; + for (my $n=0; $n<=$#Concepts; $n++ ) { + my $tmp=$Concepts[$n]; + $data1[$n]=$ConceptData{"$tmp.$k.true"}; + $Correct+=$data1[$n]; + $data2[$n]=$ConceptData{"$tmp.$k.false"}; + $Wrong+=$data2[$n]; + my $Sum=$data1[$n]+$data2[$n]; + if ( $Max<$Sum ) {$Max=$Sum;} + } + for (my $n=0; $n<=$#Concepts; $n++ ) { + if ($data1[$n]+$data2[$n]<$Max) { + $data2[$n]+=$Max-($data1[$n]+$data2[$n]); + } + } + my $P_No = $#data1+1; +# $r->print('
From: ['.localtime($ConceptData{'Int.'.($k-1)}). +# '] To: ['.localtime($ConceptData{"Int.$k"}).']'); + my $Str = "\n".''. + "\n".''. + "\n".''. + "\n".''. + "\n".''. + "\n".''. + "\n".''; + + for (my $n=0; $n<=$#Concepts; $n++ ) { + $Str .= "\n"."". + "\n"."". + "\n".'". + "\n".'". + "\n".'". + "\n".""; + } + $Str.='"; + + $Str .= "\n".'
# Concept Correct Wrong
".($n+1)." '.$Concepts[$n]." '.$data1[$n]." '.$data2[$n]."
From:['.localtime($ConceptData{'Int.'.$k}). + '] To: ['.localtime($ConceptData{'Int.'.($k+1)}-1). + "]$Correct$Wrong
'; + + $r->print($Str); +#$Apache::lonxml::debug=1; +#&Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%ConceptData); +#$Apache::lonxml::debug=0; +} + + +sub DrawGraph { + my ($k,$Src)=@_; + my $Max=0; + my @data1; + my @data2; + + # Adjust Data and find the Max + for (my $n=0; $n<=$#Concepts; $n++ ) { + my $tmp=$Concepts[$n]; + $data1[$n]=$ConceptData{"$tmp.$k.true"}; + $data2[$n]=$ConceptData{"$tmp.$k.false"}; + my $Sum=$data1[$n]+$data2[$n]; + if ( $Max<$Sum ) {$Max=$Sum;} + } + for (my $n=0; $n<=$#Concepts; $n++ ) { + if ($data1[$n]+$data2[$n]<$Max) { + $data2[$n]+=$Max-($data1[$n]+$data2[$n]); + } + } + my $P_No = $#data1+1; + + if ( $Max > 1 ) { + $Max += (10 - $Max % 10); + $Max = int($Max); + } else { $Max = 1; } + + my $Titr=($ConceptData{'Interval'}>1) ? $Src.'_interval_'.($k+1) : $Src; +# $GData=$Titr.'&Concepts'.'&'.'Answers'.'&'.$Max.'&'.$P_No.'&'.$data1.'&'.$data2; + $GData="$Titr&Concepts&Answers&$Max&$P_No&". + (join(',',@data1)).'&'.(join(',',@data2)); + + $r->print(''); +} + + +sub AnalyzeProblem { + # selecting the number of intervals + my $OpSel=''; + my $CurInt = $ENV{'form.interval'}; + if ($CurInt eq '') {$CurMap = '1';} + my $Ptr = '
Select number of intervals'."\n". + ''."\n"; + $r->print( $Ptr ); + + #the table of option response problems + $r->print('
Option Response Problems in this course:

'); + my $Str = "\n".''. + "\n".''. + "\n".''. + "\n".''. + "\n".''. + "\n".''. + "\n".''; + + my $P_No=1; + foreach (sort keys %OpResp) { + my ($rid,$part)=split(/\:/,$OpResp{$_}); + my $Temp = ''.$hash{'title_'.$rid}.''; + $Str .= "\n"."". + "\n"."". + "\n"."". + "\n"."". + "\n"."'. + "\n".""; + $P_No++; + } + $Str .= "\n".'
# Problem Title Resource Address
$P_No ".$Temp." ".$hash{'src_'.$rid}." ".''.'
'; + $Str .= "\n".''; + $r->print($Str); + $r->rflush(); +} + + +sub Decide { + #deciding the true or false answer belongs to each interval + my ($type,$foil,$time)=@_; + my $k=0; + while ($time>$ConceptData{'Int.'.($k+1)} && + $k<$ConceptData{'Interval'}) {$k++;} + $ConceptData{"$foil_to_concept{$foil}.$k.$type"}++; +} + + +#restore the student submissions and finding the result +sub OpStatus { + my ($rid,$student)=@_; + my ($uname,$udom)=split(/\:/,$student); + my $code='U'; + $rid=~/(\d+)\.(\d+)/; + my $symb=&Apache::lonnet::declutter($hash{'map_id_'.$1}).'___'.$2.'___'. + &Apache::lonnet::declutter($hash{'src_'.$rid}); + my %reshash=&Apache::lonnet::restore($symb,$cid,$udom,$uname); + my @True = (); + my @False = (); + my $flag=0; + if ($reshash{'version'}) { + my $tries=0; + &Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%Answer); + for (my $version=1;$version<=$reshash{'version'};$version++) { + my $time=$reshash{"$version:timestamp"}; + + foreach my $key (sort(split(/\:/,$reshash{$version.':keys'}))) { + if (($key=~/\.(\w+)\.(\w+)\.submission$/)) { + my $Id1 = $1; my $Id2 = $2; + #check if this is a repeat submission, if so skip it + if ($reshash{"$version:resource.$Id1.previous"}) { next; } + #if no solved this wasn't a real submission, ignore it + if (!defined($reshash{"$version:resource.$Id1.solved"})) { + &Apache::lonxml::debug("skipping "); + next; + } + my $Resp = $reshash{"$version:$key"}; + my %submission=&Apache::lonnet::str2hash($Resp); + foreach (keys %submission) { + my $Ansr = $Answer{"$Id1.$Id2.foil.value.$_"}; + if ($submission{$_}) { + if ($submission{$_} eq $Ansr) { + &Decide("true",$_,$time ); + } + else {&Decide("false",$_,$time );} + } + } + } + } + } + } +} + #------- Processing upperlist and lowerlist according to each problem sub ProcessDisc { @@ -109,7 +457,7 @@ sub ProcessDisc { } while ( $Prb eq $Temp && $nIdx < $Count ); # $Proc{$Temp}=($Sum1/$nStud).':'.$nStud; $Proc{$Temp}=($Sum1/$nStud).':'.($Sum2/$nStud); -# $r->print("$nIdx) $Temp --> ($nStud) $Proc{$Temp}
"); +# $r->print("$nIdx) $Temp --> ($nStud) $Proc{$Temp}
"); $Sum1=0; $Sum2=0; $nStud=0; @@ -155,17 +503,13 @@ sub NumericSort { # ------ Create different Student Report sub StudentReport { - my ($sname,$sdom)=@_; - if ( $sname eq 'All Students' ) { $r->print( '

WARNING: Please select a student

' ); return; } - my $shome=&Apache::lonnet::homeserver($sname,$sdom); - my $reply=&Apache::lonnet::reply('dump:'.$sdom.':'.$sname.':'.$cid,$shome ); - my %result = (); + my %result = &Apache::lonnet::dump($cid,$sdom,$sname); my $ResId; my $PrOrd; my $Code; @@ -186,11 +530,8 @@ sub StudentReport { "\n".' Results '. "\n".' Tries '. "\n".''; - unless ($reply=~/^error\:/) { - foreach (split(/\&/,$reply)){ - my ($name,$value)=split(/\=/,&Apache::lonnet::unescape($_)); - $result{$name}=$value; - } + my ($temp)=keys(%result); + unless ($temp=~/^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i) { foreach my $CurCol (@cols) { if (!$CurCol){ my $Set=&Apache::lonnet::declutter($hash{'map_id_'.$1}); @@ -218,7 +559,7 @@ sub StudentReport { my $PartNo = 0; undef %TempHash; foreach (split(/\,/,&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,'keys'))){ - if ($_=~/^stores\_(\d+)\_tries$/) { + if ($_=~/^stores\_(\w+)\_tries$/) { my $Part=&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,$_.'.part'); if ( $TempHash{"$Part"} eq '' ) { $TempHash{"$Part"} = $Part; @@ -282,11 +623,17 @@ sub StudentReport { } sub CreateTable { + my ($Hd, $Hid)=@_; + if ($ENV{'form.showcsv'}) { + if ( $Hd == 1 ) { + $r->print('
"'.$hash{'title_'.$Hid}.'","'.$hash{'src_'.$Hid}.'"'); + } + return; + } my $ColNo=0; foreach (keys(%Header)){ $ColNo++; } - my ($Hd, $Hid)=@_; if ( $Hd == 1 ) { $r->print('
'.$hash{'title_'.$Hid}.''); @@ -303,18 +650,20 @@ sub CreateTable { } sub CloseTable { + if ($ENV{'form.showcsv'}) { + return; + } $r->print("\n".''."\n"); $r->rflush(); } # ------------------------------------------- Prepare Statistics Table sub PreStatTable { + my $CacheDB = "/home/httpd/perl/tmp/$ENV{'user.name'}". "_$ENV{'user.domain'}_$cid\_statistics.db"; my $GraphDB = "/home/httpd/perl/tmp/$ENV{'user.name'}". "_$ENV{'user.domain'}_$cid\_graph.db"; - my $CachDisFac = "/home/httpd/perl/tmp/$ENV{'user.name'}". - "_$ENV{'user.domain'}_$cid\_DiscFactor.db"; my $OpSel11=''; my $OpSel12=''; my $OpSel13=''; @@ -343,7 +692,7 @@ sub PreStatTable { $Ptr .= '
'.
     '  #Stdnts: Total Number of Students opened the problem.
'. ' Tries : Total Number of Tries for solving the problem.
'. - ' Mod : Maximunm Number of Tries for solving the problem.
'. + ' Mod : Maximunm Number of Tries for solving the problem.
'. ' Mean : Average Number of the tries. [ Tries / #Stdnts ]
'. ' #YES : Number of students solved the problem correctly.
'. ' #yes : Number of students solved the problem by override.
'. @@ -360,18 +709,22 @@ sub PreStatTable { 'evaluating the problem according to a Criterion
'. ' [Applied Criterion in %27 Upper Students - '. 'Applied the same Criterion in %27 Lower Students]
'. - ' 1st Criterion for Sorting the Students: '. - 'Sum of Partial Credit Awarded / Total Number of Tries
'. - ' 2nd Criterion for Sorting the Students: '. - 'Total number of Correct Answers / Total Number of Tries'. + ' 1st Criterion for Sorting the Students: '. + 'Sum of Partial Credit Awarded / Total Number of Tries
'. + ' 2nd Criterion for Sorting the Students: '. + 'Total number of Correct Answers / Total Number of Tries'. '
'; $r->print($Ptr); + + $r->print('Output CSV format: print(' checked'); } + $r->print('>'); + $r->rflush(); if ((-e "$CacheDB")&&($ENV{'form.sort'} ne 'Recalculate Statistics')) { if (tie(%CachData,'GDBM_File',"$CacheDB",&GDBM_READER,0640)) { - tie(%DiscFac,'GDBM_File',$CachDisFac,&GDBM_READER,0640); tie(%GraphDat,'GDBM_File',$GraphDB,&GDBM_WRCREAT,0640); &Cache_Statistics(); } @@ -381,7 +734,6 @@ sub PreStatTable { } else { if (tie(%CachData,'GDBM_File',$CacheDB,&GDBM_WRCREAT,0640)) { - tie(%DiscFac,'GDBM_File',$CachDisFac,&GDBM_WRCREAT,0640); tie(%GraphDat,'GDBM_File',$GraphDB,&GDBM_WRCREAT,0640); foreach (keys %DiscFac) {delete $CachData{$_};} foreach (keys %CachData) {delete $CachData{$_};} @@ -392,11 +744,10 @@ sub PreStatTable { $r->print("Unable to tie hash to db file"); } } - #$r->print('Total instances of the problems : '.($p_count*($#students+1))); +# $r->print('Total instances of the problems : '.($p_count*($#students+1))); untie(%CachData); untie(%GraphDat); - untie(%DiscFac); } @@ -406,15 +757,18 @@ sub usection { my ($udom,$unam,$courseid,$ActiveFlag)=@_; $courseid=~s/\_/\//g; $courseid=~s/^(\w)/\/$1/; - foreach (split(/\&/,&Apache::lonnet::reply('dump:'. - $udom.':'.$unam.':roles', - &Apache::lonnet::homeserver($unam,$udom)))){ - my ($key,$value)=split(/\=/,$_); - $key=&Apache::lonnet::unescape($key); + + my %result=&Apache::lonnet::dump('roles',$udom,$unam); + my ($checkForResult)=keys(%result); + if ($checkForResult=~/^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i) { + return -1; + } + foreach my $key (keys (%result)) { + my $value=$result{$key}; if ($key=~/^$courseid(?:\/)*(\w+)*\_st$/) { my $section=$1; if ($key eq $courseid.'_st') { $section=''; } - my ($dummy,$end,$start)=split(/\_/,&Apache::lonnet::unescape($value)); + my ($dummy,$end,$start)=split(/\_/,$value); if ( $ActiveFlag ne 'Any' ) { my $now=time; my $notactive=0; @@ -438,13 +792,10 @@ sub usection { # ------ Dump the Student's DB file and handling the data for statistics table - sub ExtractStudentData { - my ($student,$coid)=@_; + my $student=shift; my ($sname,$sdom) = split( /\:/, $student ); - my $shome=&Apache::lonnet::homeserver( $sname,$sdom ); - my $reply=&Apache::lonnet::reply('dump:'.$sdom.':'.$sname.':'.$coid,$shome ); - my %result = (); + my %result = &Apache::lonnet::dump($cid,$sdom,$sname); my $ResId; my $PrOrd; my $Dis = ''; @@ -459,22 +810,20 @@ sub ExtractStudentData { my $TotParCr = 0; my $Wrongs; my %TempHash; - my $Version; + my $Version; my $LatestVersion; my $SecLimit; my $MapLimit; - unless ($reply=~/^error\:/) { - foreach (split(/\&/,$reply)) { - my ($name,$value)=split(/\=/,&Apache::lonnet::unescape($_)); - $result{$name}=$value; - } + my ($temp)=keys(%result); + unless ($temp=~/^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i) { foreach my $CurCol(@cols) { ($PrOrd,$ResId)=split(/\:/,$CurCol); if ( !$CurCol ) { next; } $ResId=~/(\d+)\.(\d+)/; my $MapId=$1; my $PrbId=$2; - my $Map = &Apache::lonnet::declutter( $hash{'map_id_'.$MapId} ); + my $MapOrg = $hash{'map_id_'.$MapId}; + my $Map = &Apache::lonnet::declutter($MapOrg); if ( $CurMap ne 'All Maps' ) { my ( $ResMap, $NameMap ) = split(/\=/,$CurMap); if ( $Map ne $ResMap ) { next; } @@ -483,8 +832,9 @@ sub ExtractStudentData { my $PartNo = 0; $Dis .= ':'; undef %TempHash; - foreach (split(/\,/,&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,'keys'))) { - if ($_=~/^stores\_(\d+)\_tries$/) { + + foreach (split(/\,/,&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,'keys'))) { + if ($_=~/^stores\_(\w+)\_tries$/) { my $Part=&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,$_.'.part'); if ( $TempHash{"$Part"} eq '' ) { $TempHash{"$Part"} = $Part; @@ -493,22 +843,22 @@ sub ExtractStudentData { $TempHash{"$Part.PrOrd"} = $PrOrd+$PartNo; $PartNo++; } + #my $Part=&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,$_.'.part'); } } - + &Apache::lonnet::declutter( $hash{'src_'.$ResId} ); + my $URI = $hash{'src_'.$ResId}; my $Prob = $Map.'___'.$PrbId.'___'. - &Apache::lonnet::declutter( $hash{'src_'.$ResId} ); + &Apache::lonnet::declutter($URI); $Code='U'; $Tries = 0; $ParCr = 0; $Wrongs = 0; - $LatestVersion = $result{"version:$Prob"}; - + $LatestVersion = $result{"version:$Prob"}; if ( $LatestVersion ) { for ( my $Version=1; $Version<=$LatestVersion; $Version++ ) { my $vkeys = $result{"$Version:keys:$Prob"}; my @keys = split(/\:/,$vkeys); - foreach my $Key (@keys) { if (($Key=~/\.(\w+)\.solved$/) && ($Key!~/^\d+\:/)) { my $Part = $1; @@ -520,7 +870,6 @@ sub ExtractStudentData { $TempHash{"$Part.ParCr"} = ($ParCr) ? $ParCr : 0; $TotalTries += $TempHash{"$Part.Tries"}; $TotParCr += $TempHash{"$Part.ParCr"}; -#$r->print($Version.'---'.$Prob.'==='.$Time.'
'); my $Val = $result{"$Version:$Prob:resource.$Part.solved"}; if ( $Val eq 'correct_by_student' ) { $Wrongs = $Tries - 1; $Code = 'C'; } @@ -542,11 +891,11 @@ sub ExtractStudentData { {$ProbSolved++;$Yes=1;} # my $ptr = "$hash{'title_'.$ResId}"; - my $ptr = $TempHash{$part.'.PrOrd'}.':'.$ResId; + my $ptr = $TempHash{$part.'.PrOrd'}.'&'.$ResId; if ( $PartNo > 1 ) { $ptr .= "*(part $part)"; - $Dis .= ':'; + $Dis .= '&'; } my $Fac = ($TempHash{"$part.Tries"}) ? ($TempHash{"$part.ParCr"}/$TempHash{"$part.Tries"}) : 0; @@ -555,12 +904,12 @@ sub ExtractStudentData { $DisF = sprintf( "%.4f", $Fac ); } else {$DisF = $Fac;} -# $DisF .= '+'.$TempHash{"$part.Time"}; +# $DisF .= '+'.$TempHash{"$part.Time"};33333333 $TimeTot += $TempHash{"$part.Time"}; $Dis .= $TempHash{$part.'.PrOrd'}.'='.$DisF.'+'.$Yes; - $ptr .= ":$TempHash{$part.'.Tries'}". - ":$TempHash{$part.'.Wrongs'}". - ":$TempHash{$part.'.Code'}"; + $ptr .= "&$TempHash{$part.'.Tries'}". + "&$TempHash{$part.'.Wrongs'}". + "&$TempHash{$part.'.Code'}"; push (@list, $ptr); $TotalOpend++; $ProbTot++; @@ -568,7 +917,7 @@ sub ExtractStudentData { } #else { #for(my $n=0; $n<$PartNo; $n++) { - # push (@list, "$hash{'title_'.$ResId}*$ResId:0:0:U"); + # push (@list, "$TempHash{'0'.'.PrOrd'}.':'.$ResId:0:0:U"); # $ProbTot++; #} #} @@ -589,9 +938,11 @@ sub ExtractStudentData { } + # ------------------------------------------------------------ Build page table sub tracetable { my ($rid,$beenhere)=@_; + my $IsMap=0; $rid=~/(\d+)\.(\d+)/; $maps{&Apache::lonnet::declutter($hash{'map_id_'.$1})}='';#$hash{'title_'.$rid}; #$maps{$HWN}=$hash{'title_'.$rid}; @@ -603,7 +954,9 @@ sub tracetable { $cols[$#cols+1]=0; $P_Order++; $HWN=$P_Order; - $mapsort{$HWN} = $rid.':'; + $mapsort{$HWN} = $rid.':'; + $IsMap=1; + #$maps{&Apache::lonnet::declutter($hash{'src_'.$rid})}= # $hash{'title_'.$rid}; } @@ -618,36 +971,53 @@ sub tracetable { my $meta=$hash{'src_'.$frid}; my $PartNo = 0; + my $Part; + # if ($IsMap==0){ if ($meta) { if ($meta=~/\.(problem|exam|quiz|assess|survey|form)$/) { foreach (split(/\,/,&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,'keys'))) { - if ($_=~/^stores\_(\d+)\_tries$/) { - &Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,$_.'.part'); + if ($_=~/^stores\_(\w+)\_tries$/) { + $Part=&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,$_.'.part'); $P_Order++; $mapsort{$HWN} .= '&'.$P_Order; $PartNo++; - $r->print('
'.$PartNo.'---'.$P_Order); + #$r->print('
'.$PartNo.'---'.$P_Order); + } + foreach my $K(split(/\,/,&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,'packages'))) { + if ($K=~/^optionresponse\_($Part)\_(\w+)$/) { + #$r->print('
'.$_.'...'.$P_Order.'---'.$Part); + $OpResp{$P_Order}="$frid:$Part"; + } } } } } } + # } } else { $cols[$#cols+1]=($P_Order+1).':'.$rid; my $meta=$hash{'src_'.$rid}; my $PartNo = 0; - if ($meta) { + if ($meta) { if ($meta=~/\.(problem|exam|quiz|assess|survey|form)$/) { - foreach (split(/\,/,&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,'keys'))) { - if ($_=~/^stores\_(\d+)\_tries$/) { - &Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,$_.'.part'); + foreach my $Key(split(/\,/,&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,'keys'))) { + if ($Key=~/^stores\_(\w+)\_tries$/) { + my $Part=&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,$Key.'.part'); $P_Order++; $mapsort{$HWN} .= '&'.$P_Order; $PartNo++; + foreach (split(/\,/,&Apache::lonnet::metadata($meta,'packages'))) { + if ($_=~/^optionresponse\_($Part)\_(\w+)$/) { + #$r->print('
'.$_.'...'.$P_Order.'---'.$Part); + $OpResp{$P_Order}="$rid:$Part";; + } + + } + } } } - } + } } if (defined($hash{'to_'.$rid})) { foreach (split(/\,/,$hash{'to_'.$rid})){ @@ -668,7 +1038,8 @@ sub MySort { } } -sub Build_Statistics { +sub Create_PrgWin { +#----------- Create progress $r->print(< popwin=open('','popwin','width=400,height=100'); @@ -683,16 +1054,30 @@ sub Build_Statistics { ENDPOP $r->rflush(); -# ---------------------------- Gathering the Data of students' tries - my $index; - for ($index=0;$index<=$#students;$index++) { +} + + +sub Update_PrgWin { #----------- update progress - $r->print(''); - $r->rflush(); + my $index = shift; + $r->print(''); + $r->rflush(); +} - &ExtractStudentData($students[$index],$cid); +sub Close_PrgWin { +#--------------------- close Progress Line + $r->print(''); + $r->rflush(); +} + +sub Build_Statistics { + &Create_PrgWin(); +# ---------------------------- Gathering the Data of students' tries + for (my $index=0;$index<=$#students;$index++) { + &Update_PrgWin($index); + &ExtractStudentData($students[$index]); } # -------------------- sorting the Data @@ -701,7 +1086,6 @@ ENDPOP @list = sort (@list); - &Discriminant(); $OpSel2=''; @@ -720,7 +1104,7 @@ ENDPOP &CreateTable(1,$Hid); for (my $i=1; $i<=$#lpr; $i++) { my %storestats=(); - my ($PrOrd,$Prob,$Tries,$Wrongs,$Code)=split(/\:/,$list[$nIdx]); + my ($PrOrd,$Prob,$Tries,$Wrongs,$Code)=split(/\&/,$list[$nIdx]); my $Temp = $Prob; my $MxTries = 0; my $TotalTries = 0; @@ -740,7 +1124,7 @@ ENDPOP elsif( $Code eq 'I' ) { $Incorrect++; } elsif( $Code eq 'O' ) { $Override++; } elsif( $Code eq 'U' ) { $StdNo--; } - ($PrOrd,$Prob,$Tries,$Wrongs,$Code)=split(/\:/,$list[$nIdx]); + ($PrOrd,$Prob,$Tries,$Wrongs,$Code)=split(/\&/,$list[$nIdx]); } $p_count++; @@ -749,7 +1133,7 @@ ENDPOP $Temp = ''.$hash{'title_'.$ResId}.$Dummy.''; - + my $res = &Apache::lonnet::declutter($hash{'src_'.$ResId}); my $urlres=$res; @@ -799,7 +1183,7 @@ ENDPOP $Skewness += $Dif*$Dif*$Dif; } $Skewness /= $StdNo; - $Skewness /= $StdDev*$StdDev*$StdDev; + $Skewness /= $StdDev*$StdDev*$StdDev; } #--------------------- Compute the Discrimination Factors @@ -816,10 +1200,11 @@ ENDPOP my $SD = sprintf( "%.1f", $StdDev ); my $DoD = sprintf( "%.2f", $DoDiff ); my $Sk = sprintf( "%.1f", $Skewness ); - my $join = $PrOrd.':'.$Temp.':'.$StdNo.':'. - $TotalTries.':'.$MxTries.':'.$Avg.':'. - $YES.':'.$Override.':'.$Wrng.':'.$DoD.':'. - $SD.':'.$Sk.':'.$_D1.':'.$_D2.':'.$Prob; + my $join = $lpr[$i].'&'.$Temp.'&'.$StdNo.'&'. + $TotalTries.'&'.$MxTries.'&'.$Avg.'&'. + $YES.'&'.$Override.'&'.$Wrng.'&'.$DoD.'&'. + $SD.'&'.$Sk.'&'.$_D1.'&'.$_D2.'&'. + $Prob; $CachData{($p_count-1)}=$join; $urlres=~/^(\w+)\/(\w+)/; @@ -833,28 +1218,27 @@ ENDPOP } &CloseTable(); } -#--------------------- close Progress Line - $r->print(''); - $r->rflush(); + &Close_PrgWin(); } sub Cache_Statistics { my @list = (); my $Useful; my $UnUseful; +# $r->print(''."\n"); my %myHeader = reverse( %Header ); $Pos = $myHeader{$ENV{'form.sort'}}; if ($Pos > 0) {$Pos++;} $p_count = 0; foreach my $key( keys %CachData) { - my @Temp=split(/\:/,$CachData{$key}); + my @Temp=split(/\&/,$CachData{$key}); if ( $Pos == 0 ) { ($UnUseful,$Useful)=split(/\>/,$Temp[$Pos]); } else { $Useful = $Temp[$Pos]; } - $list[$p_count]=$Useful.'&'.$CachData{$key}; + $list[$p_count]=$Useful.'@'.$CachData{$key}; $p_count++; } @@ -868,7 +1252,8 @@ sub Cache_Statistics { &CreateTable(1,$Hid); my @lpr=split(/\&/,$pr); for (my $i=1; $i<=$#lpr; $i++) { - my($Pre, $Post) = split(/\&/,$list[$nIdx]); + my($Pre, $Post) = split(/\@/,$list[$nIdx]); + #$r->print('
'.$Pre.'---'.$Post); &TableRow($Post,$i,$nIdx); $nIdx++; } @@ -878,7 +1263,7 @@ sub Cache_Statistics { else { &CreateTable(0); for ( my $nIdx = 0; $nIdx < $p_count; $nIdx++ ) { - my($Pre, $Post) = split(/\&/,$list[$nIdx]); + my($Pre, $Post) = split(/\@/,$list[$nIdx]); &TableRow($Post,$nIdx,$nIdx); } &CloseTable(); @@ -887,31 +1272,54 @@ sub Cache_Statistics { sub TableRow { my ($Str,$Idx,$RealIdx)=@_; - my($PrOrd,$Temp,$StdNo,$TotalTries,$MxTries,$Avg,$YES, - $Override,$Wrng,$DoD,$SD,$Sk,$_D1,$_D2,$Prob)=split(/\:/,$Str); - $r->print( "\n".''. + my($PrOrd,$Temp,$StdNo,$TotalTries,$MxTries,$Avg,$YES,$Override, + $Wrng,$DoD,$SD,$Sk,$_D1,$_D2,$Prob)=split(/\&/,$Str); + if ($ENV{'form.showcsv'}) { + my ($ResId,$Dummy)=split(/\*/,$Prob); + my $Ptr = "\n".'
'. + "\n".'"'.($RealIdx+1).'",'. + "\n".'"'.$hash{'title_'.$ResId}.$Dummy.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$hash{'src_'.$ResId}.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$StdNo.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$TotalTries.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$MxTries.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$Avg.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$YES.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$Override.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$Wrng.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$DoD.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$SD.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$Sk.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$_D1.'",'. + "\n".'"'.$_D2.'"'; + $r->print("\n".$Ptr); + } + else{ + my $Ptr = "\n".''. "\n".''.($RealIdx+1).''. + # "\n".''.$PrOrd.$Temp.''. "\n".''.$Temp.''. - "\n".' '.$StdNo.''. - "\n".''.$TotalTries.''. - "\n".''.$MxTries.''. - "\n".''.$Avg.''. - "\n".' '.$YES.''. - "\n".' '.$Override.''. - "\n".' '.$Wrng.''. - "\n".''.$DoD.''. - "\n".' '.$SD.''. - "\n".' '.$Sk.''. - "\n".' '.$_D1.''. - "\n".' '.$_D2.''. - "\n".'' ); + "\n".' '.$StdNo.''. + "\n".''.$TotalTries.''. + "\n".''.$MxTries.''. + "\n".''.$Avg.''. + "\n".' '.$YES.''. + "\n".' '.$Override.''. + "\n".' '.$Wrng.''. + "\n".' '.$DoD.''. + "\n".' '.$SD.''. + "\n".' '.$Sk.''. + "\n".' '.$_D1.''. + "\n".' '.$_D2.''; + $r->print("\n".$Ptr.'' ); + } $GraphDat{$RealIdx}=$DoD.':'.$Wrng; } # ------------------------------------------- Prepare data for Graphical chart sub GetGraphData { - my $Tag = shift; + my $ylab = shift; my $Col; my $data=''; my $count = 0; @@ -922,12 +1330,12 @@ sub GetGraphData { foreach (keys %GraphDat) {delete $GraphDat{$_};} if (-e "$GraphDB") { if (tie(%GraphDat,'GDBM_File',"$GraphDB",&GDBM_READER,0640)) { - if ( $Tag eq 'DoDiff Graph' ) { - $Tag = 'Degree-of-Difficulty'; + if ( $ylab eq 'DoDiff Graph' ) { + $ylab = 'Degree-of-Difficulty'; $Col = 0; } else { - $Tag = 'Wrong-Percentage'; + $ylab = 'Wrong-Percentage'; $Col = 1; } foreach (sort NumericSort keys %GraphDat) { @@ -937,11 +1345,15 @@ sub GetGraphData { $data .= $inf.','; $count++; } + if ( $Max > 1 ) { + $Max += (10 - $Max % 10); + $Max = int($Max); + } + else { $Max = 1; } untie(%GraphDat); my $Course = $ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.description'}; $Course =~ s/\ /"_"/eg; - $GData=$Course.'&'.$Tag.'&'.$Max.'&'.$count.'&'.$data; - + $GData=$Course.'&'.'Problems'.'&'.$ylab.'&'.$Max.'&'.$count.'&'.$data; } else { $r->print("Unable to tie hash to db file"); @@ -952,67 +1364,116 @@ sub GetGraphData { sub initial { # --------------------------------- Initialize the global varaibles - undef @students; - undef @cols; - undef %maps; - undef %section; - undef %StuBox; - undef @list; - undef %CachData; - undef %GraphDat; - undef %DiscFac; - undef $CurMap; - undef $CurSec; - undef $CurStu; - undef $p_count; - undef $Pos; - undef $GData; - $DiscFlag=0; - $P_Order=100000; - $HWN=$P_Order; + undef @students; + undef @cols; + undef %maps; + undef %section; + undef %StuBox; + undef @list; + undef %CachData; + undef %GraphDat; + undef %DiscFac; + undef %OpResp; + undef %ConceptData; + undef $CurMap; + undef $CurSec; + undef $CurStu; + undef $p_count; + undef $Pos; + undef $GData; + $DiscFlag=0; + $P_Order=100000; + $HWN=$P_Order; + &setbgcolor(0); +} + +# For loading the colored table for display or un-colored for print +sub setbgcolor { + my $PrintTable=shift; + undef %color; + if ($PrintTable){ + $color{"gb"}="#FFFFFF"; + $color{"red"}="#FFFFFF"; + $color{"yellow"}="#FFFFFF"; + $color{"green"}="#FFFFFF"; + $color{"purple"}="#FFFFFF"; + } else { + $color{"gb"}="#DDFFFF"; + $color{"red"}="#FFDDDD"; + $color{"yellow"}="#EEFFCC"; + $color{"green"}="#DDFFDD"; + $color{"purple"}="#FFDDFF"; + } } + +# my $CacheDB = "/home/httpd/perl/tmp/$ENV{'user.name'}". +# "_$ENV{'user.domain'}_$cid\_classlist.db"; +# if (-e "$CacheDB") { +# if (tie(%students,'GDBM_File',"$CacheDB",&GDBM_READER,0640)) { +# &CachClassList(); +# } +# else { +# $r->print("Unable to tie hash to db file"); +# } +# } +# else { +# if (tie(%students,'GDBM_File',$CacheDB,&GDBM_WRCREAT,0640)) { +# &MakeClassList(); +# } +# else { +# $r->print("Unable to tie hash to db file"); +# } +# } +# untie(%students); + sub ClassList { &GetStatus(); $cid=$ENV{'request.course.id'}; - my $chome=$ENV{'course.'.$cid.'.home'}; my ($cdom,$cnum)=split(/\_/,$cid); # ----------------------- Get first and last resource, see if there is anything $firstres=$hash{'map_start_/res/'.$ENV{'request.course.uri'}}; $lastres=$hash{'map_finish_/res/'.$ENV{'request.course.uri'}}; if (($firstres) && ($lastres)) { -# ----------------------------------------------------------------- Render page - my $classlst=&Apache::lonnet::reply - ('dump:'.$cdom.':'.$cnum.':classlist',$chome); +# my %students = &Apache::lonnet::dump('classlist',$cdom,$cnum); +# $Apache::lonxml::debug=1; +# &Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%students); +# $Apache::lonxml::debug=0; +# my $StudNo = 0; +# my $now=time; +# my ($temp)=keys(%students); +# unless ($temp=~/^error\:/) { +# foreach my $KeyPoint(sort keys(%students)) { + + my $StudNo = 0; my $now=time; - unless ($classlst=~/^error\:/) { - foreach (sort split(/\&/,$classlst)) { - my ($name,$value)=split(/\=/,$_); - my ($end,$start)=split(/\:/,&Apache::lonnet::unescape($value)); - $name=&Apache::lonnet::unescape($name); - my ($sname,$sdom)=split(/\:/,$name); + + my %classlist=&Apache::lonnet::dump('classlist',$cdom,$cnum); + + my ($checkForError)=keys(%classlist); + if($checkForError=~/^(con_lost|error|no_such_host)/i) { + $r->print('

Could not access course data

'); + } else { + foreach my $name (keys (%classlist)) { + my $value=$classlist{$name}; + my ($end,$start)=split(/\:/,$value); my $active=1; my $Status=$ENV{'form.status'}; $Status = ($Status) ? $Status : 'Active'; if ( ( ($end) && $now > $end ) && - ( ($Status eq 'Active') ) ) { $active=0; } + ( ($Status eq 'Active') ) ) { $active=0; } if ( ($Status eq 'Expired') && - ($end == 0 || $now < $end) ) { $active=0; } + ($end == 0 || $now < $end) ) { $active=0; } if ($active) { my $thisindex=$#students+1; - $name=&Apache::lonnet::unescape($name); $students[$thisindex]=$name; my ($sname,$sdom)=split(/\:/,$name); - #my %reply=&Apache::lonnet::idrget($sdom,$sname); - #my $reply=&Apache::lonnet::reply('get:'.$sdom.':'.$sname. - # ':environment:lastname&generation&firstname&middlename', - # &Apache::lonnet::homeserver($sname,$sdom)); my $ssec=&usection($sdom,$sname,$cid,$Status); - if ($ssec==-1) {next;} + if ($ssec==-1 || $ssec eq 'adm' ) {next;} $ssec=($ssec) ? $ssec : '(none)'; #$ssec=(int($ssec)) ? int($ssec) : $ssec; $section{$ssec}=$ssec; @@ -1021,12 +1482,10 @@ sub ClassList { $StuBox{$sname}=$sdom; } $StudNo++; - } + } } } - else { - $r->print('

Could not access course data

'); - } + $r->print("Total number of students : ".($#students+1)); $r->rflush(); # --------------- Find all assessments and put them into some linear-like order @@ -1036,70 +1495,97 @@ sub ClassList { # $r->print('
'.$c.')'.$_.' ... '.$mapsort{$_}); # $c++; # } +# my $c=1; +# foreach (sort keys %OpResp) { +# $r->print('
'.$c.')'.$_.' ... '.$OpResp{$_}.' ... '.$hash{'src_'.$OpResp{$_}}); +# $c++; +# } + } # ------------------------------------------------------------- End render page else { $r->print('

Undefined course sequence

'); } - &MapSecOptions(); } -sub Menu { - my $InpStr = $ENV{'form.sort'}; - if ( $InpStr eq 'DoDiff Graph' || $InpStr eq '%Wrong Graph' ) { - &GetGraphData($InpStr); - $r->print(''); - } - else { - $r->print('LON-CAPA Statistics'); - - - $r->print(''. - ''. - ''); +sub Title { + $r->print('LON-CAPA Statistics'); + $r->print(''. + ''. + ''); # ---------------------------------------------------------------- Course title - $r->print('

Course : "'. - $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}. - '.description'}.'"

'.localtime().'

'); + $r->print('

Course : "'. + $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}. + '.description'}.'"

'.localtime().'

'); # ------------------------------- This is going to take a while, produce output - $r->rflush(); + $r->rflush(); +} - $r->print("\n".'
'); - my $content = $ENV{'form.sort'}; - if ($content eq '' || $content eq 'Return to Menu') { - my $Ptr = '

'; - $Ptr .= ''; - $Ptr .= '

'; - $Ptr .= ''; - $Ptr .= '

'; - $r->print( $Ptr ); - } +sub CreateForm { + $r->print("\n".''); + my $content = $ENV{'form.sort'}; + if (!($ENV{'form.showcsv'}) && + ($content eq '' || $content eq 'Return to Menu')) { + my $Ptr = '

'; + $Ptr .= ''; + $Ptr .= '

'; + $Ptr .= ''; + $Ptr .= '

'; + $Ptr .= ''; + $Ptr .= '

'; + #$Ptr .= ''; + $r->print( $Ptr ); + } + else { + &ClassList(); + if ( $content eq 'Student Assessment' || + $content eq 'Create Student Report' ) { + &MapSecOptions(); + &StudentOptions(); + &StudentReport($CurStu,$StuBox{"$CurStu"}); + } + elsif ( $content eq 'Problem Analysis' ) { + &AnalyzeProblem(); + } else { - &initial(); - &ClassList(); - if ( $content eq 'Discrimination' || #'Problem Evaluation' || - $content eq 'Recalculate Discrimintion Factor' ) { - &CreateDiscFac(); - } - elsif ( $content eq 'Student Assessment' || - $content eq 'Create Student Report' ) { - &StudentOptions(); - &StudentReport($CurStu,$StuBox{"$CurStu"}); - } - else { - &PreStatTable(); - } + &MapSecOptions(); + &PreStatTable(); } - $r->print("\n".'
'. - "\n".''. - "\n".''); - $r->rflush(); } } + +sub Menu { + &initial(); +# $Apache::lonxml::debug=1; +# &Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%ENV); +# $Apache::lonxml::debug=0; + &Title(); + my $InpStr = $ENV{'form.sort'}; + if ($InpStr eq 'Activity Log') { + &Activity(); + } + elsif ($InpStr=~/^Analyze\_/) { + &ClassList(); + &ShowOpGraph($InpStr,$ENV{'form.interval'}); + } + elsif ( $InpStr eq 'DoDiff Graph' || $InpStr eq '%Wrong Graph' ) { + &GetGraphData($InpStr); + $r->print(''); + } + else { + &CreateForm(); + $r->print("\n".''); + } + $r->print("\n".''. + "\n".''); + $r->rflush(); +} + + sub StudentOptions { my $OpSel5=''; $CurStu = $ENV{'form.student'}; @@ -1123,6 +1609,7 @@ sub StudentOptions { $r->rflush(); } + sub GetStatus { $OpSel1=''; $OpSel2=''; @@ -1155,7 +1642,7 @@ sub GetStatus { sub MapSecOptions { # ----------------------------------- Loading the Maps Combobox my $Ptr = '
'; - $Ptr .= '
'; + $Ptr .= ''; $Ptr .= '
Select   Map     '."\n". '