# The LearningOnline Network with CAPA
#
# $Id: lonstudentassessment.pm,v 1.34 2003/03/04 16:10:09 matthew Exp $
#
# Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
#
# This file is part of the LearningOnline Network with CAPA (LON-CAPA).
# LON-CAPA is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# LON-CAPA is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with LON-CAPA; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
#
# /home/httpd/html/adm/gpl.txt
#
# http://www.lon-capa.org/
#
# (Navigate problems for statistical reports
#
#######################################################
#######################################################
=pod
=head1 NAME
lonstudentassessment
=head1 SYNOPSIS
Presents assessment data about a student or a group of students.
=head1 Subroutines
=over 4
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
package Apache::lonstudentassessment;
use strict;
use Apache::lonstatistics;
use Apache::lonhtmlcommon;
use Apache::loncoursedata;
use Apache::lonnet; # for logging porpoises
use Spreadsheet::WriteExcel;
#######################################################
#######################################################
=pod
=item Package Variables
=over 4
=item $Statistics Hash ref to store student data. Indexed by symb,
contains hashes with keys 'score' and 'max'.
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
my $Statistics;
#######################################################
#######################################################
=pod
=item $show_links 'yes' or 'no' for linking to student performance data
=item $output_mode 'html', 'excel', or 'csv' for output mode
=item $show 'all', 'totals', or 'scores' determines how much data is output
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
my $show_links;
my $output_mode;
my $show;
#######################################################
#######################################################
# End of package variable declarations
=pod
=back
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
=pod
=item &BuildStudentAssessmentPage()
Inputs:
=over 4
=item $r Apache Request
=item $c Apache Connection
=back
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
sub BuildStudentAssessmentPage {
my ($r,$c)=@_;
undef($Statistics);
#
# Print out the HTML headers for the interface
# This also parses the output mode selector
# This step must always be done.
$r->print(&CreateInterface());
$r->print('<input type="hidden" name="notfirstrun" value="true" />');
$r->rflush();
if (! exists($ENV{'form.notfirstrun'})) {
$r->print(<<ENDMSG);
<p>
<font size="+1">
Please make your selections in the boxes above and hit
the button marked "Update Display".
</font>
</p>
ENDMSG
# $r->print(&OutputDescriptions());
return;
}
#
#
my $initialize = \&html_initialize;
my $output_student = \&html_outputstudent;
my $finish = \&html_finish;
#
if ($output_mode eq 'excel') {
$initialize = \&excel_initialize;
$output_student = \&excel_outputstudent;
$finish = \&excel_finish;
} elsif ($output_mode eq 'csv') {
$initialize = \&csv_initialize;
$output_student = \&csv_outputstudent;
$finish = \&csv_finish;
}
#
if($c->aborted()) { return ; }
#
# Call the initialize routine selected above
$initialize->($r);
foreach my $student (@Apache::lonstatistics::Students) {
if($c->aborted()) {
$finish->($r);
return ;
}
# Call the output_student routine selected above
$output_student->($r,$student);
}
# Call the "finish" routine selected above
$finish->($r);
#
return;
}
#######################################################
#######################################################
sub get_student_fields_to_show {
my @to_show = @Apache::lonstatistics::SelectedStudentData;
foreach (@to_show) {
if ($_ eq 'all') {
@to_show = @Apache::lonstatistics::StudentDataOrder;
last;
}
}
return @to_show;
}
sub get_sequences_to_show {
my @Sequences;
foreach my $map_symb (@Apache::lonstatistics::SelectedMaps) {
foreach my $sequence (@Apache::lonstatistics::Sequences) {
next if ($sequence->{'symb'} ne $map_symb && $map_symb ne 'all');
next if ($sequence->{'num_assess'} < 1);
push (@Sequences,$sequence);
}
}
return @Sequences;
}
#######################################################
#######################################################
=pod
=item &CreateInterface()
Called by &BuildStudentAssessmentPage to create the top part of the
page which displays the chart.
Inputs: None
Returns: A string containing the HTML for the headers and top table for
the chart page.
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
sub CreateInterface {
my $Str = '';
# $Str .= &CreateLegend();
$Str .= '<table cellspacing="5">'."\n";
$Str .= '<tr>';
$Str .= '<td align="center"><b>Sections</b></td>';
$Str .= '<td align="center"><b>Student Data</b></td>';
$Str .= '<td align="center"><b>Sequences and Folders</b></td>';
$Str .= '<td align="center"><b>Output Format</b></td>';
$Str .= '</tr>'."\n";
#
$Str .= '<tr><td align="center">'."\n";
$Str .= &Apache::lonstatistics::SectionSelect('Section','multiple',5);
$Str .= '</td><td align="center">';
my $only_seq_with_assessments = sub {
my $s=shift;
if ($s->{'num_assess'} < 1) {
return 0;
} else {
return 1;
}
};
$Str .= &Apache::lonstatistics::StudentDataSelect('StudentData','multiple',
5,undef);
$Str .= '</td><td>'."\n";
$Str .= &Apache::lonstatistics::MapSelect('Maps','multiple,all',5,
$only_seq_with_assessments);
$Str .= '</td><td>'."\n";
$Str .= &CreateAndParseOutputSelector();
$Str .= '</td></tr>'."\n";
$Str .= '</table>'."\n";
return $Str;
}
#######################################################
#######################################################
=pod
=item &CreateAndParseOutputSelector()
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
my @OutputOptions =
({ name => 'HTML, with links',
value => 'html, with links',
description => 'Output HTML with each symbol linked to the problem '.
'which generated it.'},
{ name => 'HTML, without links',
value => 'html, without links',
description => 'Output HTML. By not including links, the size of the'.
' web page is greatly reduced. If your browser crashes on the '.
'full display, try this.'},
{ name => 'HTML, scores only',
value => 'html, scores only',
description => 'Output HTML, only showing the total number of correct'.
' problems (or problem parts) and not the maximum possible for '.
'each student'},
{ name => 'HTML, totals',
value => 'html, totals',
description => 'Output HTML, but only the summary statistics for each'.
' sequence selected.'},
{ name => 'Excel, scores only',
value => 'excel, scores only',
description => 'Output an Excel file (compatable with Excel 95), '.
'with a single column for each sequence showing the students '.
'score.'},
# { name => 'Excel, everything',
# value => 'excel, everything',
# description => 'Output an Excel file (compatable with Excel 95), '.
# 'with a seperate worksheet for each sequence you have selected '.
# 'the data for each problem part '.
# '(number of tries, status, points awarded) '.
# 'will be listed.'},
{ name => 'Excel, totals',
value => 'excel, totals',
description => 'Output an Excel file (compatable with Excel 95), '.
'with two columns for each sequence, the students score on the '.
'sequence and the students maximum possible on the sequence'},
{ name => 'CSV, everything',
value => 'csv, everything',
description => ''},
{ name => 'CSV, scores only',
value => 'csv, scores only',
description => ''},
{ name => 'CSV, totals',
value => 'csv, totals',
description => ''},
);
sub OutputDescriptions {
my $Str = '';
$Str .= "<h2>Output Modes</h2>\n";
$Str .= "<dl>\n";
foreach my $outputmode (@OutputOptions) {
$Str .=" <dt>".$outputmode->{'name'}."</dt>\n";
$Str .=" <dd>".$outputmode->{'description'}."</dd>\n";
}
$Str .= "</dl>\n";
return $Str;
}
sub CreateAndParseOutputSelector {
my $Str = '';
my $elementname = 'outputmode';
#
# Format for output options is 'mode, restrictions';
my $selected = 'html, with links';
if (exists($ENV{'form.'.$elementname})) {
if (ref($ENV{'form.'.$elementname} eq 'ARRAY')) {
$selected = $ENV{'form.'.$elementname}->[0];
} else {
$selected = $ENV{'form.'.$elementname};
}
}
#
# Set package variables describing output mode
$show_links = 'no';
$output_mode = 'html';
$show = 'all';
my ($mode,$restriction) = split(',',$selected);
$restriction =~ s/^\s*//;
if ($mode =~ /^(html|excel|csv)$/) {
$output_mode = $mode;
} else {
$output_mode = 'html';
}
if ($restriction eq 'with links') {
$show_links = 'yes';
} else {
$show_links = 'no';
}
if ($restriction eq 'totals') {
$show = 'totals';
} elsif ($restriction eq 'scores only') {
$show = 'scores';
} else {
$show = 'everything';
}
#
# Build the form element
$Str = qq/<select size="5" name="$elementname">/;
foreach my $option (@OutputOptions) {
$Str .= "\n".' <option value="'.$option->{'value'}.'"';
$Str .= " selected " if ($option->{'value'} eq $selected);
$Str .= ">".$option->{'name'}."<\/option>";
}
$Str .= "\n</select>";
return $Str;
}
#######################################################
#######################################################
=pod
=head2 HTML output routines
=item &html_initialize($r)
Create labels for the columns of student data to show.
=item &html_outputstudent($r,$student)
Return a line of the chart for a student.
=item &html_finish($r)
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
{
my $padding;
my $count;
sub html_initialize {
my ($r) = @_;
#
$padding = ' 'x3;
$count = 1;
#
my $Str = "<pre>\n";
# First, the @StudentData fields need to be listed
my @to_show = &get_student_fields_to_show();
foreach my $field (@to_show) {
my $title=$Apache::lonstatistics::StudentData{$field}->{'title'};
my $base =$Apache::lonstatistics::StudentData{$field}->{'base_width'};
my $width=$Apache::lonstatistics::StudentData{$field}->{'width'};
$Str .= $title.' 'x($width-$base).$padding;
}
# Now the selected sequences need to be listed
foreach my $sequence (&get_sequences_to_show) {
my $title = $sequence->{'title'};
my $base = $sequence->{'base_width'};
my $width = $sequence->{'width'};
$Str .= $title.' 'x($width-$base).$padding;
}
$Str .= "total (of shown problems)</pre>\n";
$Str .= "<pre>";
$r->print($Str);
$r->rflush();
return;
}
sub html_outputstudent {
my ($r,$student) = @_;
my $Str = '';
# First, the @StudentData fields need to be listed
my @to_show = &get_student_fields_to_show();
foreach my $field (@to_show) {
my $title=$student->{$field};
my $base = length($title);
my $width=$Apache::lonstatistics::StudentData{$field}->{'width'};
$Str .= $title.' 'x($width-$base).$padding;
}
# Get ALL the students data
my %StudentsData;
my @tmp = &Apache::loncoursedata::get_current_state
($student->{'username'},$student->{'domain'},undef,
$ENV{'request.course.id'});
if ((scalar @tmp > 0) && ($tmp[0] !~ /^error:/)) {
%StudentsData = @tmp;
}
if (scalar(@tmp) < 1) {
$Str .= '<font color="blue">No Course Data</font>'."\n";
$r->print($Str);
$r->rflush();
return;
}
#
# By sequence build up the data
my $studentstats;
my $PerformanceStr = '';
foreach my $seq (&get_sequences_to_show) {
my ($performance,$score,$seq_max) =
&StudentPerformanceOnSequence($student,\%StudentsData,
$seq,$show_links);
my $ratio = $score.'/'.$seq_max;
#
if ($show eq 'totals') {
$performance = ' 'x(length($seq_max)-length($score)).$ratio;
$performance .= ' 'x($seq->{'width'}-length($performance));
} elsif ($show eq 'scores') {
$performance = $score;
$performance .= ' 'x($seq->{'width'}-length($performance));
} else {
# Pad with extra spaces
$performance .= ' 'x($seq->{'width'}-$seq_max-
length($ratio)
).$ratio;
}
#
$Str .= $performance.$padding;
#
$studentstats->{$seq->{'symb'}}->{'score'}= $score;
$studentstats->{$seq->{'symb'}}->{'max'} = $seq_max;
}
#
# Total it up and store the statistics info.
my ($score,$max) = (0,0);
while (my ($symb,$seq_stats) = each (%{$studentstats})) {
$Statistics->{$symb}->{'score'} += $seq_stats->{'score'};
$Statistics->{$symb}->{'max'} += $seq_stats->{'max'};
$score += $seq_stats->{'score'};
$max += $seq_stats->{'max'};
}
$Str .= ' '.' 'x(length($max)-length($score)).$score.'/'.$max;
$Str .= " \n";
$r->print($Str);
#
$count++;
if($count % 5 == 0) {
$r->print("</pre><pre>");
}
#
$r->rflush();
return;
}
sub html_finish {
my ($r) = @_;
$r->print("</pre>\n");
$r->rflush();
return;
}
}
#######################################################
#######################################################
=pod
=head2 EXCEL subroutines
=item &excel_initialize($r)
=item &excel_outputstudent($r,$student)
=item &excel_finish($r)
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
{
my $excel_sheet;
my $excel_workbook;
my $filename;
my $rows_output;
my $cols_output;
my $num_students;
my $start_time;
sub excel_initialize {
my ($r) = @_;
#
$filename = '/prtspool/'.
$ENV{'user.name'}.'_'.$ENV{'user.domain'}.'_'.
time.'_'.rand(1000000000).'.xls';
#
$excel_workbook = undef;
$excel_sheet = undef;
#
$rows_output = 0;
$cols_output = 0;
#
$num_students = 0;
$start_time = time;
#
# Create sheet
$excel_workbook = Spreadsheet::WriteExcel->new('/home/httpd'.$filename);
#
# Check for errors
if (! defined($excel_workbook)) {
$r->log_error("Error creating excel spreadsheet $filename: $!");
$r->print("Problems creating new Excel file. ".
"This error has been logged. ".
"Please alert your LON-CAPA administrator");
return ;
}
#
# The excel spreadsheet stores temporary data in files, then put them
# together. If needed we should be able to disable this (memory only).
# The temporary directory must be specified before calling 'addworksheet'.
# File::Temp is used to determine the temporary directory.
$excel_workbook->set_tempdir($Apache::lonnet::tmpdir);
#
# Add a worksheet
my $sheetname = $ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.description'};
if (length($sheetname) > 31) {
$sheetname = substr($sheetname,0,31);
}
$excel_sheet = $excel_workbook->addworksheet($sheetname);
#
# Put the course description in the header
$excel_sheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++,
$ENV{'course.'.$ENV{'request.course.id'}.'.description'});
$cols_output += 3;
#
# Put a description of the sections listed
my $sectionstring = '';
my @Sections = @Apache::lonstatistics::SelectedSections;
if (scalar(@Sections) > 1) {
if (scalar(@Sections) > 2) {
my $last = pop(@Sections);
$sectionstring = "Sections ".join(', ',@Sections).', and '.$last;
} else {
$sectionstring = "Sections ".join(' and ',@Sections);
}
} else {
if ($Sections[0] eq 'all') {
$sectionstring = "All sections";
} else {
$sectionstring = "Section ".$Sections[0];
}
}
$excel_sheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++,$sectionstring);
$cols_output += scalar(@Sections);
#
# Put the date in there too
$excel_sheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++,
'Compiled on '.localtime(time));
#
$rows_output++;
#
# Add the student headers
$cols_output = 0;
foreach my $field (&get_student_fields_to_show()) {
$excel_sheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++,$field);
}
#
# Add the Sequence Headers
foreach my $seq (&get_sequences_to_show) {
$excel_sheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output,$seq->{'title'});
if ($show eq 'totals') {
$excel_sheet->write($rows_output+1,$cols_output,'score');
$excel_sheet->write($rows_output+1,$cols_output+1,'maximum');
$cols_output += 2;
} else {
$cols_output++;
}
}
#
# Bookkeeping
if ($show eq 'totals') {
$rows_output += 2;
} else {
$rows_output += 1;
}
#
# Let the user know what we are doing
my $studentcount = scalar(@Apache::lonstatistics::Students);
$r->print("<h1>Compiling Excel spreadsheet for ".
$studentcount.' student');
$r->print('s') if ($studentcount > 1);
$r->print("</h1>\n");
$r->rflush();
#
return;
}
sub excel_outputstudent {
my ($r,$student) = @_;
return if (! defined($excel_sheet));
$cols_output=0;
#
# Write out student data
my @to_show = &get_student_fields_to_show();
foreach my $field (@to_show) {
$excel_sheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++,$student->{$field});
}
#
# Get student assessment data
my %StudentsData;
my @tmp = &Apache::loncoursedata::get_current_state($student->{'username'},
$student->{'domain'},
undef,
$ENV{'request.course.id'});
if ((scalar @tmp > 0) && ($tmp[0] !~ /^error:/)) {
%StudentsData = @tmp;
}
#
# Write out sequence scores and totals data
foreach my $seq (&get_sequences_to_show) {
my ($performance,$score,$seq_max) =
&StudentPerformanceOnSequence($student,\%StudentsData,
$seq,'no');
if ($show eq 'totals' || $show eq 'scores') {
$excel_sheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++,$score);
}
if ($show eq 'totals') {
$excel_sheet->write($rows_output,$cols_output++,$seq_max);
}
}
#
# Bookkeeping
$rows_output++;
$cols_output=0;
#
# Time estimate
$num_students++;
if ($num_students % 10 == 0) {
my $time_est = (time - $start_time)/$num_students *
(scalar(@Apache::lonstatistics::Students)-$num_students);
$time_est = int($time_est);
if (int ($time_est/60) > 0) {
my $min = int($time_est/60);
my $sec = $time_est % 60;
$time_est = $min.' minutes';
if ($sec > 1) {
$time_est.= ', '.$sec.' seconds';
} elsif ($sec > 0) {
$time_est.= ', '.$sec.' second';
}
} else {
$time_est .= ' seconds';
}
$r->print($num_students.' out of '.
(scalar(@Apache::lonstatistics::Students)).
" students processed. ".
$time_est." remain. Elapsed: ".(time - $start_time).
"<br />\n");
$r->rflush();
}
return;
}
sub excel_finish {
my ($r) = @_;
return if (! defined($excel_sheet));
#
# Write the excel file
$excel_workbook->close();
my $c = $r->connection();
#
return if($c->aborted());
#
# Tell the user where to get their excel file
$r->print('<br /><br />'.
'<a href="'.$filename.'">Your Excel spreadsheet.</a>'."\n");
my $total_time = time - $start_time;
if (int ($total_time / 60) > 0) {
$total_time = int($total_time/60).' minutes, '.($total_time % 60);
}
$r->print('<br />'.$total_time.' seconds total');
$r->rflush();
return;
}
}
#######################################################
#######################################################
=pod
=head2 CSV output routines
=item &csv_initialize($r)
=item &csv_outputstudent($r,$student)
=item &csv_finish($r)
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
{
sub csv_initialize{
my ($r) = @_;
$r->print("<h1>Not implemented yet</h1>");
return;
}
sub csv_outputstudent {
my ($r,$student) = @_;
}
sub csv_finish {
my ($r) = @_;
}
}
#######################################################
#######################################################
=pod
=item &StudentPerformanceOnSequence()
Inputs:
=over 4
=item $student
=item $studentdata Hash ref to all student data
=item $seq Hash ref, the sequence we are working on
=item $links if defined we will output links to each resource.
=back
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
sub StudentPerformanceOnSequence {
my ($student,$studentdata,$seq,$links) = @_;
$links = 'no' if (! defined($links));
my $Str = '';
my ($sum,$max) = (0,0);
foreach my $resource (@{$seq->{'contents'}}) {
next if ($resource->{'type'} ne 'assessment');
my $resource_data = $studentdata->{$resource->{'symb'}};
my $value = '';
foreach my $partnum (@{$resource->{'parts'}}) {
$max++;
my $symbol = ' '; # default to space
#
if (exists($resource_data->{'resource.'.$partnum.'.solved'})) {
my $status = $resource_data->{'resource.'.$partnum.'.solved'};
if ($status eq 'correct_by_override') {
$symbol = '+';
$sum++;
} elsif ($status eq 'incorrect_by_override') {
$symbol = '-';
} elsif ($status eq 'ungraded_attempted') {
$symbol = '#';
} elsif ($status eq 'incorrect_attempted') {
$symbol = '.';
} elsif ($status eq 'excused') {
$symbol = 'x';
$max--;
} elsif ($status eq 'correct_by_student' &&
exists($resource_data->{'resource.'.$partnum.'.tries'})){
my $num = $resource_data->{'resource.'.$partnum.'.tries'};
if ($num > 9) {
$symbol = '*';
} elsif ($num > 0) {
$symbol = $num;
} else {
$symbol = ' ';
}
$sum++;
} else {
$symbol = ' ';
}
} else {
# Unsolved. Did they try?
if (exists($resource_data->{'resource.'.$partnum.'.tries'})){
$symbol = '.';
} else {
$symbol = ' ';
}
}
#
if ($links eq 'yes' && $symbol ne ' ') {
$symbol = '<a href="/adm/grades'.
'?symb='.&Apache::lonnet::escape($resource->{'symb'}).
'&student='.$student->{'username'}.
'&domain='.$student->{'domain'}.
'&command=submission">'.$symbol.'</a>';
}
$value .= $symbol;
}
$Str .= $value;
}
return ($Str,$sum,$max);
}
#######################################################
#######################################################
sub StudentAverageTotal {
my ($cache, $students, $sequenceKeys)=@_;
my $Str = "\n<b>Summary Tables:</b>\n";
my %Correct = ();
my $ProblemsSolved = 0;
my $TotalProblems = 0;
my $StudentCount = 0;
foreach my $name (@$students) {
$StudentCount++;
foreach my $sequence (@$sequenceKeys) {
$Correct{$sequence} +=
$cache->{$name.':'.$sequence.':problemsCorrect'};
}
$ProblemsSolved += $cache->{$name.':problemsSolved'};
$TotalProblems += $cache->{$name.':totalProblems'};
}
if ($StudentCount) {
$ProblemsSolved = sprintf( "%.2f",
$ProblemsSolved/$StudentCount);
$TotalProblems /= $StudentCount;
} else {
$ProblemsSolved = 0;
$TotalProblems = 0;
}
$Str .= '<table border=2 cellspacing="1">'."\n";
$Str .= '<tr><td><b>Students Count</b></td><td><b>'.
$StudentCount.'</b></td></tr>'."\n";
$Str .= '<tr><td><b>Total Problems</b></td><td><b>'.
$TotalProblems.'</b></td></tr>'."\n";
$Str .= '<tr><td><b>Average Correct</b></td><td><b>'.
$ProblemsSolved.'</b></td></tr>'."\n";
$Str .= '</table>'."\n";
$Str .= '<table border=2 cellspacing="1">'."\n";
$Str .= '<tr><th>Title</th><th>Total Problems</th>'.
'<th>Average Correct</th></tr>'."\n";
foreach my $S(@$sequenceKeys) {
my $title=$cache->{$S.':title'};
#$Str .= $cache->{$S.':problems'};
#my @problems=split(':', $cache->{$S.':problems'});
#my $pCount=scalar @problems;
my $pCount=MaxSeqPr($cache,@$students[0],$S);
my $crr;
if ($StudentCount) {
$crr=sprintf( "%.2f", $Correct{$S}/$StudentCount );
} else {
$crr="0.00";
}
$Str .= '<tr><td>'.$title.
'</td><td align=center>'.$pCount.
'</td><td align=center>'.$crr.
'</td></tr>'."\n";
}
$Str .= '</table>'."\n";
return $Str;
}
#######################################################
#######################################################
=pod
=item &CreateLegend()
This function returns a formatted string containing the legend for the
chart. The legend describes the symbols used to represent grades for
problems.
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
sub CreateLegend {
my $Str = "<p><pre>".
" 1 correct by student in 1 try\n".
" 7 correct by student in 7 tries\n".
" * correct by student in more than 9 tries\n".
" + correct by hand grading or override\n".
" - incorrect by override\n".
" . incorrect attempted\n".
" # ungraded attempted\n".
" not attempted (blank field)\n".
" x excused".
"</pre><p>";
return $Str;
}
#######################################################
#######################################################
=pod
=back
=cut
#######################################################
#######################################################
1;
__END__
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