--- loncom/lonnet/perl/lonnet.pm	2009/08/15 00:25:53	1.1017
+++ loncom/lonnet/perl/lonnet.pm	2011/10/17 15:35:07	1.1137
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # The LearningOnline Network
 # TCP networking package
 #
-# $Id: lonnet.pm,v 1.1017 2009/08/15 00:25:53 raeburn Exp $
+# $Id: lonnet.pm,v 1.1137 2011/10/17 15:35:07 raeburn Exp $
 #
 # Copyright Michigan State University Board of Trustees
 #
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ use HTTP::Date;
 use Image::Magick;
 
 use vars qw(%perlvar %spareid %pr %prp $memcache %packagetab $tmpdir
-            $_64bit %env %protocol);
+            $_64bit %env %protocol %loncaparevs %serverhomeIDs %needsrelease);
 
 my (%badServerCache, $memcache, %courselogs, %accesshash, %domainrolehash,
     %userrolehash, $processmarker, $dumpcount, %coursedombuf,
@@ -92,14 +92,15 @@ use Time::HiRes qw( gettimeofday tv_inte
 use Cache::Memcached;
 use Digest::MD5;
 use Math::Random;
+use File::MMagic;
 use LONCAPA qw(:DEFAULT :match);
 use LONCAPA::Configuration;
 
+use File::Copy;
+
 my $readit;
 my $max_connection_retries = 10;     # Or some such value.
 
-my $upload_photo_form = 0; #Variable to check  when user upload a photo 0=not 1=true
-
 require Exporter;
 
 our @ISA = qw (Exporter);
@@ -196,8 +197,31 @@ sub get_server_timezone {
     }
 }
 
+sub get_server_distarch {
+    my ($lonhost,$ignore_cache) = @_;
+    if (defined($lonhost)) {
+        if (!defined(&hostname($lonhost))) {
+            return;
+        }
+        my $cachetime = 12*3600;
+        if (!$ignore_cache) {
+            my ($distarch,$cached)=&is_cached_new('serverdistarch',$lonhost);
+            if (defined($cached)) {
+                return $distarch;
+            }
+        }
+        my $rep = &reply('serverdistarch',$lonhost);
+        unless ($rep eq 'unknown_command' || $rep eq 'no_such_host' ||
+                $rep eq 'con_lost' || $rep eq 'rejected' || $rep eq 'refused' ||
+                $rep eq '') {
+            return &do_cache_new('serverdistarch',$lonhost,$rep,$cachetime);
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 sub get_server_loncaparev {
-    my ($dom,$lonhost) = @_;
+    my ($dom,$lonhost,$ignore_cache,$caller) = @_;
     if (defined($lonhost)) {
         if (!defined(&hostname($lonhost))) {
             undef($lonhost);
@@ -212,15 +236,120 @@ sub get_server_loncaparev {
         }
     }
     if (defined($lonhost)) {
-        my $cachetime = 24*3600;
-        my ($loncaparev,$cached)=&is_cached_new('serverloncaparev',$lonhost);
+        my $cachetime = 12*3600;
+        if (!$ignore_cache) {
+            my ($loncaparev,$cached)=&is_cached_new('serverloncaparev',$lonhost);
+            if (defined($cached)) {
+                return $loncaparev;
+            }
+        }
+        my ($answer,$loncaparev);
+        my @ids=&current_machine_ids();
+        if (grep(/^\Q$lonhost\E$/,@ids)) {
+            $answer = $perlvar{'lonVersion'};
+            if ($answer =~ /^[\'\"]?([\w.\-]+)[\'\"]?$/) {
+                $loncaparev = $1;
+            }
+        } else {
+            $answer = &reply('serverloncaparev',$lonhost);
+            if (($answer eq 'unknown_cmd') || ($answer eq 'con_lost')) {
+                if ($caller eq 'loncron') {
+                    my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
+                    $ua->timeout(4);
+                    my $protocol = $protocol{$lonhost};
+                    $protocol = 'http' if ($protocol ne 'https');
+                    my $url = $protocol.'://'.&hostname($lonhost).'/adm/about.html';
+                    my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',$url);
+                    my $response=$ua->request($request);
+                    unless ($response->is_error()) {
+                        my $content = $response->content;
+                        if ($content =~ /<p>VERSION\:\s*([\w.\-]+)<\/p>/) {
+                            $loncaparev = $1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    $loncaparev = $loncaparevs{$lonhost};
+                }
+            } elsif ($answer =~ /^[\'\"]?([\w.\-]+)[\'\"]?$/) {
+                $loncaparev = $1;
+            }
+        }
+        return &do_cache_new('serverloncaparev',$lonhost,$loncaparev,$cachetime);
+    }
+}
+
+sub get_server_homeID {
+    my ($hostname,$ignore_cache,$caller) = @_;
+    unless ($ignore_cache) {
+        my ($serverhomeID,$cached)=&is_cached_new('serverhomeID',$hostname);
         if (defined($cached)) {
-            return $loncaparev;
+            return $serverhomeID;
+        }
+    }
+    my $cachetime = 12*3600;
+    my $serverhomeID;
+    if ($caller eq 'loncron') { 
+        my @machine_ids = &machine_ids($hostname);
+        foreach my $id (@machine_ids) {
+            my $response = &reply('serverhomeID',$id);
+            unless (($response eq 'unknown_cmd') || ($response eq 'con_lost')) {
+                $serverhomeID = $response;
+                last;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($serverhomeID eq '') {
+            $serverhomeID = $machine_ids[-1];
+        }
+    } else {
+        $serverhomeID = $serverhomeIDs{$hostname};
+    }
+    return &do_cache_new('serverhomeID',$hostname,$serverhomeID,$cachetime);
+}
+
+sub get_remote_globals {
+    my ($lonhost,$whathash,$ignore_cache) = @_;
+    my ($result,%returnhash,%whatneeded);
+    if (ref($whathash) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $what (sort(keys(%{$whathash}))) {
+            my $hashid = $lonhost.'-'.$what;
+            my ($response,$cached);
+            unless ($ignore_cache) {
+                ($response,$cached)=&is_cached_new('lonnetglobal',$hashid);
+            }
+            if (defined($cached)) {
+                $returnhash{$what} = $response;
+            } else {
+                $whatneeded{$what} = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if (keys(%whatneeded) == 0) {
+            $result = 'ok';
         } else {
-            my $loncaparev = &reply('serverloncaparev',$lonhost);
-            return &do_cache_new('serverloncaparev',$lonhost,$loncaparev,$cachetime);
+            my $requested = &freeze_escape(\%whatneeded);
+            my $rep=&reply('readlonnetglobal:'.$requested,$lonhost);
+            if (($rep=~/^(refused|rejected|error)/) || ($rep eq 'con_lost') ||
+                ($rep eq 'unknown_cmd')) {
+                $result = $rep;
+            } else {
+                $result = 'ok';
+                my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+                foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+                    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
+                    my $what = &unescape($key);
+                    my $hashid = $lonhost.'-'.$what;
+                    $returnhash{$what}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+                    &do_cache_new('lonnetglobal',$hashid,$returnhash{$what},600);
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
+    return ($result,\%returnhash);
+}
+
+sub remote_devalidate_cache {
+    my ($lonhost,$name,$id) = @_;
+    my $response = &reply('devalidatecache:'.&escape($name).':'.&escape($id),$lonhost);
+    return $response;
 }
 
 # -------------------------------------------------- Non-critical communication
@@ -553,11 +682,20 @@ sub appenv {
 # ----------------------------------------------------- Delete from Environment
 
 sub delenv {
-    my ($delthis,$regexp) = @_;
-    if (($delthis=~/user\.role/) || ($delthis=~/user\.priv/)) {
-        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
-                "Attempt to delete from environment ".$delthis);
-        return 'error';
+    my ($delthis,$regexp,$roles) = @_;
+    if (($delthis=~/^user\.role/) || ($delthis=~/^user\.priv/)) {
+        my $refused = 1;
+        if (ref($roles) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            my ($type,$role) = ($delthis =~ /^user\.(role|priv)\.([^.]+)\./);
+            if (grep(/^\Q$role\E$/,@{$roles})) {
+                $refused = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($refused) {
+            &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
+                     "Attempt to delete from environment ".$delthis);
+            return 'error';
+        }
     }
     my $opened = open(my $env_file,'+<',$env{'user.environment'});
     if ($opened
@@ -666,51 +804,48 @@ sub userload {
     return $userloadpercent;
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------ Fight off request when overloaded
-
-sub overloaderror {
-    my ($r,$checkserver)=@_;
-    unless ($checkserver) { $checkserver=$perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
-    my $loadavg;
-    if ($checkserver eq $perlvar{'lonHostID'}) {
-       open(my $loadfile,'/proc/loadavg');
-       $loadavg=<$loadfile>;
-       $loadavg =~ s/\s.*//g;
-       $loadavg = 100*$loadavg/$perlvar{'lonLoadLim'};
-       close($loadfile);
-    } else {
-       $loadavg=&reply('load',$checkserver);
-    }
-    my $overload=$loadavg-100;
-    if ($overload>0) {
-	$r->err_headers_out->{'Retry-After'}=$overload;
-        $r->log_error('Overload of '.$overload.' on '.$checkserver);
-        return 413;
-    }    
-    return '';
-}
-
 # ------------------------------ Find server with least workload from spare.tab
 
 sub spareserver {
-    my ($loadpercent,$userloadpercent,$want_server_name) = @_;
+    my ($loadpercent,$userloadpercent,$want_server_name,$udom) = @_;
     my $spare_server;
     if ($userloadpercent !~ /\d/) { $userloadpercent=0; }
     my $lowest_load=($loadpercent > $userloadpercent) ? $loadpercent 
                                                      :  $userloadpercent;
-    
-    foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareid{'primary'} }) {
-	($spare_server, $lowest_load) =
-	    &compare_server_load($try_server, $spare_server, $lowest_load);
-    }
-
-    my $found_server = ($spare_server ne '' && $lowest_load < 100);
+    my ($uint_dom,$remotesessions);
+    if (($udom ne '') && (&domain($udom) ne '')) {
+        my $uprimary_id = &Apache::lonnet::domain($udom,'primary');
+        $uint_dom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($uprimary_id);
+        my %udomdefaults = &Apache::lonnet::get_domain_defaults($udom);
+        $remotesessions = $udomdefaults{'remotesessions'};
+    }
+    my $spareshash = &this_host_spares($udom);
+    if (ref($spareshash) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($spareshash->{'primary'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareshash->{'primary'} }) {
+                if ($uint_dom) {
+                    next unless (&spare_can_host($udom,$uint_dom,$remotesessions,
+                                                 $try_server));
+                }
+	        ($spare_server, $lowest_load) =
+	            &compare_server_load($try_server, $spare_server, $lowest_load);
+            }
+        }
 
-    if (!$found_server) {
-	foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareid{'default'} }) {
-	    ($spare_server, $lowest_load) =
-		&compare_server_load($try_server, $spare_server, $lowest_load);
-	}
+        my $found_server = ($spare_server ne '' && $lowest_load < 100);
+
+        if (!$found_server) {
+            if (ref($spareshash->{'default'}) eq 'ARRAY') { 
+	        foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareshash->{'default'} }) {
+                    if ($uint_dom) {
+                        next unless (&spare_can_host($udom,$uint_dom,
+                                                     $remotesessions,$try_server));
+                    }
+	            ($spare_server, $lowest_load) =
+		        &compare_server_load($try_server, $spare_server, $lowest_load);
+                }
+	    }
+        }
     }
 
     if (!$want_server_name) {
@@ -720,7 +855,7 @@ sub spareserver {
         }
         if (defined($spare_server)) {
             my $hostname = &hostname($spare_server);
-            if (defined($hostname)) {  
+            if (defined($hostname)) {
 	        $spare_server = $protocol.'://'.$hostname;
             }
         }
@@ -735,7 +870,7 @@ sub compare_server_load {
     my $userloadans = &reply('userload',$try_server);
 
     if ($loadans !~ /\d/ && $userloadans !~ /\d/) {
-	next; #didn't get a number from the server
+	return ($spare_server, $lowest_load); #didn't get a number from the server
     }
 
     my $load;
@@ -761,9 +896,18 @@ sub compare_server_load {
 # --------------------------- ask offload servers if user already has a session
 sub find_existing_session {
     my ($udom,$uname) = @_;
-    foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareid{'primary'} },
-			    @{ $spareid{'default'} }) {
-	return $try_server if (&has_user_session($try_server, $udom, $uname));
+    my $spareshash = &this_host_spares($udom);
+    if (ref($spareshash) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($spareshash->{'primary'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareshash->{'primary'} }) {
+                return $try_server if (&has_user_session($try_server, $udom, $uname));
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($spareshash->{'default'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            foreach my $try_server (@{ $spareshash->{'default'} }) {
+                return $try_server if (&has_user_session($try_server, $udom, $uname));
+            }
+        }
     }
     return;
 }
@@ -778,13 +922,51 @@ sub has_user_session {
     return 0;
 }
 
+# --------- determine least loaded server in a user's domain which allows login
+
+sub choose_server {
+    my ($udom,$checkloginvia) = @_;
+    my %domconfhash = &Apache::loncommon::get_domainconf($udom);
+    my %servers = &get_servers($udom);
+    my $lowest_load = 30000;
+    my ($login_host,$hostname,$portal_path);
+    foreach my $lonhost (keys(%servers)) {
+        my $loginvia;
+        if ($checkloginvia) {
+            $loginvia = $domconfhash{$udom.'.login.loginvia_'.$lonhost};
+            if ($loginvia) {
+                my ($server,$path) = split(/:/,$loginvia);
+                ($login_host, $lowest_load) =
+                    &compare_server_load($server, $login_host, $lowest_load);
+                if ($login_host eq $server) {
+                    $portal_path = $path;
+                }
+            } else {
+                ($login_host, $lowest_load) =
+                    &compare_server_load($lonhost, $login_host, $lowest_load);
+                if ($login_host eq $lonhost) {
+                    $portal_path = '';
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            ($login_host, $lowest_load) =
+                &compare_server_load($lonhost, $login_host, $lowest_load);
+        }
+    }
+    if ($login_host ne '') {
+        $hostname = &hostname($login_host);
+    }
+    return ($login_host,$hostname,$portal_path);
+}
+
 # --------------------------------------------- Try to change a user's password
 
 sub changepass {
     my ($uname,$udom,$currentpass,$newpass,$server,$context)=@_;
     $currentpass = &escape($currentpass);
     $newpass     = &escape($newpass);
-    my $answer = reply("encrypt:passwd:$udom:$uname:$currentpass:$newpass:$context",
+    my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    my $answer = reply("encrypt:passwd:$udom:$uname:$currentpass:$newpass:$context:$lonhost",
 		       $server);
     if (! $answer) {
 	&logthis("No reply on password change request to $server ".
@@ -809,6 +991,9 @@ sub changepass {
     } elsif ($answer =~ "^refused") {
 	&logthis("$server refused to change $uname in $udom password because ".
 		 "it was sent an unencrypted request to change the password.");
+    } elsif ($answer =~ "invalid_client") {
+        &logthis("$server refused to change $uname in $udom password because ".
+                 "it was a reset by e-mail originating from an invalid server.");
     }
     return $answer;
 }
@@ -832,7 +1017,7 @@ sub queryauthenticate {
 # --------- Try to authenticate user from domain's lib servers (first this one)
 
 sub authenticate {
-    my ($uname,$upass,$udom,$checkdefauth)=@_;
+    my ($uname,$upass,$udom,$checkdefauth,$clientcancheckhost)=@_;
     $upass=&escape($upass);
     $uname= &LONCAPA::clean_username($uname);
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,1);
@@ -855,7 +1040,7 @@ sub authenticate {
 	    return 'no_host';
         }
     }
-    my $answer=reply("encrypt:auth:$udom:$uname:$upass:$checkdefauth",$uhome);
+    my $answer=reply("encrypt:auth:$udom:$uname:$upass:$checkdefauth:$clientcancheckhost",$uhome);
     if ($answer eq 'authorized') {
         if ($newhome) {
             &logthis("User $uname at $udom authorized by $uhome, but needs account");
@@ -873,6 +1058,384 @@ sub authenticate {
     return 'no_host';
 }
 
+sub can_host_session {
+    my ($udom,$lonhost,$remoterev,$remotesessions,$hostedsessions) = @_;
+    my $canhost = 1;
+    my $host_idn = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($lonhost);
+    if (ref($remotesessions) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($remotesessions->{'excludedomain'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$host_idn\E$/,@{$remotesessions->{'excludedomain'}})) {
+                $canhost = 0;
+            } else {
+                $canhost = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($remotesessions->{'includedomain'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$host_idn\E$/,@{$remotesessions->{'includedomain'}})) {
+                $canhost = 1;
+            } else {
+                $canhost = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($canhost) {
+            if ($remotesessions->{'version'} ne '') {
+                my ($reqmajor,$reqminor) = ($remotesessions->{'version'} =~ /^(\d+)\.(\d+)$/);
+                if ($reqmajor ne '' && $reqminor ne '') {
+                    if ($remoterev =~ /^\'?(\d+)\.(\d+)/) {
+                        my $major = $1;
+                        my $minor = $2;
+                        if (($major < $reqmajor ) ||
+                            (($major == $reqmajor) && ($minor < $reqminor))) {
+                            $canhost = 0;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        $canhost = 0;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($canhost) {
+        if (ref($hostedsessions) eq 'HASH') {
+            my $uprimary_id = &Apache::lonnet::domain($udom,'primary');
+            my $uint_dom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($uprimary_id);
+            if (ref($hostedsessions->{'excludedomain'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                if (($uint_dom ne '') && 
+                    (grep(/^\Q$uint_dom\E$/,@{$hostedsessions->{'excludedomain'}}))) {
+                    $canhost = 0;
+                } else {
+                    $canhost = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            if (ref($hostedsessions->{'includedomain'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                if (($uint_dom ne '') && 
+                    (grep(/^\Q$uint_dom\E$/,@{$hostedsessions->{'includedomain'}}))) {
+                    $canhost = 1;
+                } else {
+                    $canhost = 0;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $canhost;
+}
+
+sub spare_can_host {
+    my ($udom,$uint_dom,$remotesessions,$try_server)=@_;
+    my $canhost=1;
+    my @intdoms;
+    my $internet_names = &Apache::lonnet::get_internet_names($try_server);
+    if (ref($internet_names) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        @intdoms = @{$internet_names};
+    }
+    unless (grep(/^\Q$uint_dom\E$/,@intdoms)) {
+        my $serverhomeID = &Apache::lonnet::get_server_homeID($try_server);
+        my $serverhomedom = &Apache::lonnet::host_domain($serverhomeID);
+        my %defdomdefaults = &Apache::lonnet::get_domain_defaults($serverhomedom);
+        my $remoterev = &Apache::lonnet::get_server_loncaparev(undef,$try_server);
+        $canhost = &can_host_session($udom,$try_server,$remoterev,
+                                     $remotesessions,
+                                     $defdomdefaults{'hostedsessions'});
+    }
+    return $canhost;
+}
+
+sub this_host_spares {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    my ($dom_in_use,$lonhost_in_use,$result);
+    my @hosts = &current_machine_ids();
+    foreach my $lonhost (@hosts) {
+        if (&host_domain($lonhost) eq $dom) {
+            $dom_in_use = $dom;
+            $lonhost_in_use = $lonhost;
+            last;
+        }
+    }
+    if ($dom_in_use ne '') {
+        $result = &spares_for_offload($dom_in_use,$lonhost_in_use);
+    }
+    if (ref($result) ne 'HASH') {
+        $lonhost_in_use = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+        $dom_in_use = &host_domain($lonhost_in_use);
+        $result = &spares_for_offload($dom_in_use,$lonhost_in_use);
+        if (ref($result) ne 'HASH') {
+            $result = \%spareid;
+        }
+    }
+    return $result;
+}
+
+sub spares_for_offload  {
+    my ($dom_in_use,$lonhost_in_use) = @_;
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('spares',$dom_in_use);
+    if (defined($cached)) {
+        return $result;
+    } else {
+        my $cachetime = 60*60*24;
+        my %domconfig =
+            &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['usersessions'],$dom_in_use);
+        if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'spares'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'spares'}{$lonhost_in_use}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    return &do_cache_new('spares',$dom_in_use,$domconfig{'usersessions'}{'spares'}{$lonhost_in_use},$cachetime);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub get_lonbalancer_config {
+    my ($servers) = @_;
+    my ($currbalancer,$currtargets);
+    if (ref($servers) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $server (keys(%{$servers})) {
+            my %what = (
+                         spareid => 1,
+                         perlvar => 1,
+                       );
+            my ($result,$returnhash) = &get_remote_globals($server,\%what);
+            if ($result eq 'ok') {
+                if (ref($returnhash) eq 'HASH') {
+                    if (ref($returnhash->{'perlvar'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                        if ($returnhash->{'perlvar'}->{'lonBalancer'} eq 'yes') {
+                            $currbalancer = $server;
+                            $currtargets = {};
+                            if (ref($returnhash->{'spareid'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                                if (ref($returnhash->{'spareid'}->{'primary'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                    $currtargets->{'primary'} = $returnhash->{'spareid'}->{'primary'};
+                                }
+                                if (ref($returnhash->{'spareid'}->{'default'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                    $currtargets->{'default'} = $returnhash->{'spareid'}->{'default'};
+                                }
+                            }
+                            last;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($currbalancer,$currtargets);
+}
+
+sub check_loadbalancing {
+    my ($uname,$udom) = @_;
+    my ($is_balancer,$dom_in_use,$homeintdom,$rule_in_effect,
+        $offloadto,$otherserver);
+    my $lonhost = $perlvar{'lonHostID'};
+    my $uprimary_id = &Apache::lonnet::domain($udom,'primary');
+    my $uintdom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($uprimary_id);
+    my $intdom = &Apache::lonnet::internet_dom($lonhost);
+    my $serverhomedom = &host_domain($lonhost);
+
+    my $cachetime = 60*60*24;
+
+    if (($uintdom ne '') && ($uintdom eq $intdom)) {
+        $dom_in_use = $udom;
+        $homeintdom = 1;
+    } else {
+        $dom_in_use = $serverhomedom;
+    }
+    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('loadbalancing',$dom_in_use);
+    unless (defined($cached)) {
+        my %domconfig =
+            &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['loadbalancing'],$dom_in_use);
+        if (ref($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $result = &do_cache_new('loadbalancing',$dom_in_use,$domconfig{'loadbalancing'},$cachetime);
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
+        my $currbalancer = $result->{'lonhost'};
+        my $currtargets = $result->{'targets'};
+        my $currrules = $result->{'rules'};
+        if ($currbalancer ne '') {
+            my @hosts = &current_machine_ids();
+            if (grep(/^\Q$currbalancer\E$/,@hosts)) {
+                $is_balancer = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($is_balancer) {
+            if (ref($currrules) eq 'HASH') {
+                if ($homeintdom) {
+                    if ($uname ne '') {
+                        if (($currrules->{'_LC_adv'} ne '') || ($currrules->{'_LC_author'} ne '')) {
+                            my ($is_adv,$is_author) = &is_advanced_user($udom,$uname);
+                            if (($currrules->{'_LC_author'} ne '') && ($is_author)) {
+                                $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{'_LC_author'};
+                            } elsif (($currrules->{'_LC_adv'} ne '') && ($is_adv)) {
+                                $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{'_LC_adv'}
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if ($rule_in_effect eq '') {
+                            my %userenv = &userenvironment($udom,$uname,'inststatus');
+                            if ($userenv{'inststatus'} ne '') {
+                                my @statuses = map { &unescape($_); } split(/:/,$userenv{'inststatus'});
+                                my ($othertitle,$usertypes,$types) =
+                                    &Apache::loncommon::sorted_inst_types($udom);
+                                if (ref($types) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                    foreach my $type (@{$types}) {
+                                        if (grep(/^\Q$type\E$/,@statuses)) {
+                                            if (exists($currrules->{$type})) {
+                                                $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{$type};
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                if (exists($currrules->{'default'})) {
+                                    $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{'default'};
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        if (exists($currrules->{'default'})) {
+                            $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{'default'};
+                        }
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if ($currrules->{'_LC_external'} ne '') {
+                        $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{'_LC_external'};
+                    }
+                }
+                $offloadto = &get_loadbalancer_targets($rule_in_effect,$currtargets,
+                                                       $uname,$udom);
+            }
+        }
+    } elsif (($homeintdom) && ($udom ne $serverhomedom)) {
+        my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('loadbalancing',$serverhomedom);
+        unless (defined($cached)) {
+            my %domconfig =
+                &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['loadbalancing'],$serverhomedom);
+            if (ref($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                $result = &do_cache_new('loadbalancing',$dom_in_use,$domconfig{'loadbalancing'},$cachetime);
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($result) eq 'HASH') {
+            my $currbalancer = $result->{'lonhost'};
+            my $currtargets = $result->{'targets'};
+            my $currrules = $result->{'rules'};
+
+            if ($currbalancer eq $lonhost) {
+                $is_balancer = 1;
+                if (ref($currrules) eq 'HASH') {
+                    if ($currrules->{'_LC_internetdom'} ne '') {
+                        $rule_in_effect = $currrules->{'_LC_internetdom'};
+                    }
+                }
+                $offloadto = &get_loadbalancer_targets($rule_in_effect,$currtargets,
+                                                       $uname,$udom);
+            }
+        } else {
+            if ($perlvar{'lonBalancer'} eq 'yes') {
+                $is_balancer = 1;
+                $offloadto = &this_host_spares($dom_in_use);
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        if ($perlvar{'lonBalancer'} eq 'yes') {
+            $is_balancer = 1;
+            $offloadto = &this_host_spares($dom_in_use);
+        }
+    }
+    my $lowest_load = 30000;
+    if (ref($offloadto) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($offloadto->{'primary'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            foreach my $try_server (@{$offloadto->{'primary'}}) {
+                ($otherserver,$lowest_load) =
+                    &compare_server_load($try_server,$otherserver,$lowest_load);
+            }
+        }
+        my $found_server = ($otherserver ne '' && $lowest_load < 100);
+
+        if (!$found_server) {
+            if (ref($offloadto->{'default'}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                foreach my $try_server (@{$offloadto->{'default'}}) {
+                    ($otherserver,$lowest_load) =
+                        &compare_server_load($try_server,$otherserver,$lowest_load);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    } elsif (ref($offloadto) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        if (@{$offloadto} == 1) {
+            $otherserver = $offloadto->[0];
+        } elsif (@{$offloadto} > 1) {
+            foreach my $try_server (@{$offloadto}) {
+                ($otherserver,$lowest_load) =
+                    &compare_server_load($try_server,$otherserver,$lowest_load);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($is_balancer,$otherserver);
+}
+
+sub get_loadbalancer_targets {
+    my ($rule_in_effect,$currtargets,$uname,$udom) = @_;
+    my $offloadto;
+    if ($rule_in_effect eq '') {
+        $offloadto = $currtargets;
+    } else {
+        if ($rule_in_effect eq 'homeserver') {
+            my $homeserver = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+            if ($homeserver ne 'no_host') {
+                $offloadto = [$homeserver];
+            }
+        } elsif ($rule_in_effect eq 'externalbalancer') {
+            my %domconfig =
+                &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['loadbalancing'],$udom);
+            if (ref($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}) eq 'HASH') {
+                if ($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}{'lonhost'} ne '') {
+                    if (&hostname($domconfig{'loadbalancing'}{'lonhost'}) ne '') {
+                        $offloadto = [$domconfig{'loadbalancing'}{'lonhost'}];
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                my %servers = &dom_servers($udom);
+                my ($remotebalancer,$remotetargets) = &get_lonbalancer_config(\%servers);
+                if (&hostname($remotebalancer) ne '') {
+                    $offloadto = [$remotebalancer];
+                }
+            }
+        } elsif (&hostname($rule_in_effect) ne '') {
+            $offloadto = [$rule_in_effect];
+        }
+    }
+    return $offloadto;
+}
+
+sub internet_dom_servers {
+    my ($dom) = @_;
+    my (%uniqservers,%servers);
+    my $primaryserver = &hostname(&domain($dom,'primary'));
+    my @machinedoms = &machine_domains($primaryserver);
+    foreach my $mdom (@machinedoms) {
+        my %currservers = %servers;
+        my %server = &get_servers($mdom);
+        %servers = (%currservers,%server);
+    }
+    my %by_hostname;
+    foreach my $id (keys(%servers)) {
+        push(@{$by_hostname{$servers{$id}}},$id);
+    }
+    foreach my $hostname (sort(keys(%by_hostname))) {
+        if (@{$by_hostname{$hostname}} > 1) {
+            my $match = 0;
+            foreach my $id (@{$by_hostname{$hostname}}) {
+                if (&host_domain($id) eq $dom) {
+                    $uniqservers{$id} = $hostname;
+                    $match = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            unless ($match) {
+                $uniqservers{$by_hostname{$hostname}[0]} = $hostname;
+            }
+        } else {
+            $uniqservers{$by_hostname{$hostname}[0]} = $hostname;
+        }
+    }
+    return %uniqservers;
+}
+
 # ---------------------- Find the homebase for a user from domain's lib servers
 
 my %homecache;
@@ -958,44 +1521,21 @@ sub idput {
     }
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------ dump from domain db files
-
+# ------------------------------dump from db file owned by domainconfig user
 sub dump_dom {
-    my ($namespace,$udom,$uhome,$regexp,$range)=@_;
+    my ($namespace,$udom,$regexp,$range)=@_;
     if (!$udom) {
         $udom=$env{'user.domain'};
-        if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
-            $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
-        } else {
-            undef($uhome);
-        }
-    } else {
-        if (!$uhome) {
-            if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
-                $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
-            }
-        }
     }
     my %returnhash;
-    if ($udom && $uhome && ($uhome ne 'no_host')) {
-        if ($regexp) {
-            $regexp=&escape($regexp);
-        } else {
-            $regexp='.';
-        }
-        my $rep=&reply("dumpdom:$udom:$namespace:$regexp:$range",$uhome);
-        my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
-        foreach my $item (@pairs) {
-            my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
-            $key = &unescape($key);
-            next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
-            $returnhash{$key}=&thaw_unescape($value);
-        }
+    if ($udom) {
+        my $uname = &get_domainconfiguser($udom);
+        %returnhash = &dump($namespace,$udom,$uname,$regexp,$range);
     }
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------- get items from domain db files   
+# ------------------------------------------ get items from domain db files   
 
 sub get_dom {
     my ($namespace,$storearr,$udom,$uhome)=@_;
@@ -1069,70 +1609,40 @@ sub put_dom {
     }
 }
 
-# -------------------------------------- newput for items in domain db files
-
+# --------------------- newput for items in db file owned by domainconfig user
 sub newput_dom {
-    my ($namespace,$storehash,$udom,$uhome) = @_;
+    my ($namespace,$storehash,$udom) = @_;
     my $result;
     if (!$udom) {
         $udom=$env{'user.domain'};
-        if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
-            $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
-        } else {
-            undef($uhome);
-        }
-    } else {
-        if (!$uhome) {
-            if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
-                $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
-            }
-        }
     }
-    if ($udom && $uhome && ($uhome ne 'no_host')) {
-        my $items='';
-        if (ref($storehash) eq 'HASH') {
-            foreach my $key (keys(%$storehash)) {
-                $items.=&escape($key).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$key}).'&';
-            }
-            $items=~s/\&$//;
-            $result = &reply("newputdom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
-        }
-    } else {
-        &logthis("put_dom failed - no homeserver and/or domain");
+    if ($udom) {
+        my $uname = &get_domainconfiguser($udom);
+        $result = &newput($namespace,$storehash,$udom,$uname);
     }
     return $result;
 }
 
+# --------------------- delete for items in db file owned by domainconfig user
 sub del_dom {
-    my ($namespace,$storearr,$udom,$uhome)=@_;
+    my ($namespace,$storearr,$udom)=@_;
     if (ref($storearr) eq 'ARRAY') {
-        my $items='';
-        foreach my $item (@$storearr) {
-            $items.=&escape($item).'&';
-        }
-        $items=~s/\&$//;
         if (!$udom) {
             $udom=$env{'user.domain'};
-            if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
-                $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
-            } else {
-                undef($uhome);
-            }
-        } else {
-            if (!$uhome) {
-                if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
-                    $uhome=&domain($udom,'primary');
-                }
-            }
         }
-        if ($udom && $uhome && ($uhome ne 'no_host')) {
-            return &reply("deldom:$udom:$namespace:$items",$uhome);
-        } else {
-            &logthis("del_dom failed - no homeserver and/or domain");
+        if ($udom) {
+            my $uname = &get_domainconfiguser($udom); 
+            return &del($namespace,$storearr,$udom,$uname);
         }
     }
 }
 
+# ----------------------------------construct domainconfig user for a domain 
+sub get_domainconfiguser {
+    my ($udom) = @_;
+    return $udom.'-domainconfig';
+}
+
 sub retrieve_inst_usertypes {
     my ($udom) = @_;
     my (%returnhash,@order);
@@ -1401,7 +1911,8 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
     my %domdefaults;
     my %domconfig =
          &Apache::lonnet::get_dom('configuration',['defaults','quotas',
-                                  'requestcourses','inststatus'],$domain);
+                                  'requestcourses','inststatus',
+                                  'coursedefaults','usersessions'],$domain);
     if (ref($domconfig{'defaults'}) eq 'HASH') {
         $domdefaults{'lang_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'lang_def'}; 
         $domdefaults{'auth_def'} = $domconfig{'defaults'}{'auth_def'};
@@ -1436,6 +1947,19 @@ sub get_domain_defaults {
             $domdefaults{$item} = $domconfig{'inststatus'}{$item};
         }
     }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'coursedefaults'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $item ('canuse_pdfforms') {
+            $domdefaults{$item} = $domconfig{'coursedefaults'}{$item};
+        }
+    }
+    if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}) eq 'HASH') {
+        if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'remote'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'remotesessions'} = $domconfig{'usersessions'}{'remote'};
+        }
+        if (ref($domconfig{'usersessions'}{'hosted'}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $domdefaults{'hostedsessions'} = $domconfig{'usersessions'}{'hosted'};
+        }
+    }
     &Apache::lonnet::do_cache_new('domdefaults',$domain,\%domdefaults,
                                   $cachetime);
     return %domdefaults;
@@ -1621,7 +2145,8 @@ sub getsection {
     # If there is a role which has expired, return it.
     #
     $courseid = &courseid_to_courseurl($courseid);
-    my %roleshash = &dump('roles',$udom,$unam,$courseid);
+    my $extra = &freeze_escape({'skipcheck' => 1});
+    my %roleshash = &dump('roles',$udom,$unam,$courseid,undef,$extra);
     foreach my $key (keys(%roleshash)) {
         next if ($key !~/^\Q$courseid\E(?:\/)*(\w+)*\_st$/);
         my $section=$1;
@@ -1687,7 +2212,7 @@ sub is_cached_new {
     my ($name,$id,$debug) = @_;
     $id=&make_key($name,$id);
     if (exists($remembered{$id})) {
-	if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("Earyl return $id of $remembered{$id} "); }
+	if ($debug) { &Apache::lonnet::logthis("Early return $id of $remembered{$id} "); }
 	$accessed{$id}=[&gettimeofday()];
 	$hits++;
 	return ($remembered{$id},1);
@@ -1770,6 +2295,9 @@ sub userenvironment {
     unless ($uhome eq 'no_host') {
         my @answer=split(/\&/, 
             &reply('get:'.$udom.':'.$unam.':environment:'.$items,$uhome));
+        if ($#answer==0 && $answer[0] =~ /^(con_lost|error:|no_such_host)/i) {
+            return %returnhash;
+        }
         my $i;
         for ($i=0;$i<=$#what;$i++) {
 	    $returnhash{$what[$i]}=&unescape($answer[$i]);
@@ -1850,20 +2378,29 @@ sub getversion {
 
 sub currentversion {
     my $fname=shift;
-    my ($result,$cached)=&is_cached_new('resversion',$fname);
-    if (defined($cached)) { return $result; }
     my $author=$fname;
     $author=~s/\/home\/httpd\/html\/res\/([^\/]*)\/([^\/]*).*/$1\/$2/;
     my ($udom,$uname)=split(/\//,$author);
-    my $home=homeserver($uname,$udom);
+    my $home=&homeserver($uname,$udom);
     if ($home eq 'no_host') { 
         return -1; 
     }
-    my $answer=reply("currentversion:$fname",$home);
+    my $answer=&reply("currentversion:$fname",$home);
     if (($answer eq 'con_lost') || ($answer eq 'rejected')) {
 	return -1;
     }
-    return &do_cache_new('resversion',$fname,$answer,600);
+    return $answer;
+}
+
+#
+# Return special version number of resource if set by override, empty otherwise
+#
+sub usedversion {
+    my $fname=shift;
+    unless ($fname) { $fname=$env{'request.uri'}; }
+    my ($urlversion)=($fname=~/\.(\d+)\.\w+$/);
+    if ($urlversion) { return $urlversion; }
+    return '';
 }
 
 # ----------------------------- Subscribe to a resource, return URL if possible
@@ -2059,6 +2596,8 @@ sub allowuploaded {
 #        path to file, source of file, instruction to parse file for objects,
 #        ref to hash for embedded objects,
 #        ref to hash for codebase of java objects.
+#        reference to scalar to accommodate mime type determined
+#          from File::MMagic if $parser = parse.
 #
 # output: url to file (if action was uploaddoc), 
 #         ok if successful, or diagnostic message otherwise (if action was propagate or copy)
@@ -2085,7 +2624,8 @@ sub allowuploaded {
 #
 
 sub process_coursefile {
-    my ($action,$docuname,$docudom,$file,$source,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase)=@_;
+    my ($action,$docuname,$docudom,$file,$source,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase,
+        $mimetype)=@_;
     my $fetchresult;
     my $home=&homeserver($docuname,$docudom);
     if ($action eq 'propagate') {
@@ -2112,10 +2652,17 @@ sub process_coursefile {
             print $fh $env{'form.'.$source};
             close($fh);
             if ($parser eq 'parse') {
-                my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath.'/'.$fname,$allfiles,$codebase);
-                unless ($parse_result eq 'ok') {
-                    &logthis('Failed to parse '.$filepath.'/'.$fname.' for embedded media: '.$parse_result);
+                my $mm = new File::MMagic;
+                my $type = $mm->checktype_filename($filepath.'/'.$fname);
+                if ($type eq 'text/html') {
+                    my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath.'/'.$fname,$allfiles,$codebase);
+                    unless ($parse_result eq 'ok') {
+                        &logthis('Failed to parse '.$filepath.'/'.$fname.' for embedded media: '.$parse_result);
+                    }
                 }
+                if (ref($mimetype)) {
+                    $$mimetype = $type;
+                } 
             }
             $fetchresult= &reply('fetchuserfile:'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$file,
                                  $home);
@@ -2191,38 +2738,53 @@ sub clean_filename {
     $fname=~s/\.(\d+)(?=\.)/_$1/g;
     return $fname;
 }
-#This Function check if a Image max 400px width and height 500px. If not then scale the image down
+# This Function checks if an Image's dimensions exceed either $resizewidth (width) 
+# or $resizeheight (height) - both pixels. If so, the image is scaled to produce an 
+# image with the same aspect ratio as the original, but with dimensions which do 
+# not exceed $resizewidth and $resizeheight.
+ 
 sub resizeImage {
-	my($img_url) = @_;	
-	my $ima = Image::Magick->new;                       
-        $ima->Read($img_url);
-	if($ima->Get('width') > 400)
-	{
-		my $factor = $ima->Get('width')/400;
-             	$ima->Scale( width=>400, height=>$ima->Get('height')/$factor );
-	}
-	if($ima->Get('height') > 500)
-        {
-        	my $factor = $ima->Get('height')/500;
-                $ima->Scale( width=>$ima->Get('width')/$factor, height=>500);
-        } 
-		
-	$ima->Write($img_url);
-}
-
-#Wrapper function for userphotoupload
-sub userphotoupload
-{
-	my($formname,$subdir) = @_;
-	$upload_photo_form = 1;
-	return &userfileupload($formname,undef,$subdir);
+    my ($img_path,$resizewidth,$resizeheight) = @_;
+    my $ima = Image::Magick->new;
+    my $resized;
+    if (-e $img_path) {
+        $ima->Read($img_path);
+        if (($resizewidth =~ /^\d+$/) && ($resizeheight > 0)) {
+            my $width = $ima->Get('width');
+            my $height = $ima->Get('height');
+            if ($width > $resizewidth) {
+	        my $factor = $width/$resizewidth;
+                my $newheight = $height/$factor;
+                $ima->Scale(width=>$resizewidth,height=>$newheight);
+                $resized = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if (($resizeheight =~ /^\d+$/) && ($resizeheight > 0)) {
+            my $width = $ima->Get('width');
+            my $height = $ima->Get('height');
+            if ($height > $resizeheight) {
+                my $factor = $height/$resizeheight;
+                my $newwidth = $width/$factor;
+                $ima->Scale(width=>$newwidth,height=>$resizeheight);
+                $resized = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($resized) {
+            $ima->Write($img_path);
+        }
+    }
+    return;
 }
 
 # --------------- Take an uploaded file and put it into the userfiles directory
 # input: $formname - the contents of the file are in $env{"form.$formname"}
-#                    the desired filenam is in $env{"form.$formname.filename"}
-#        $coursedoc - if true up to the current course
-#                     if false
+#                    the desired filename is in $env{"form.$formname.filename"}
+#        $context - possible values: coursedoc, existingfile, overwrite, 
+#                                    canceloverwrite, or ''. 
+#                   if 'coursedoc': upload to the current course
+#                   if 'existingfile': write file to tmp/overwrites directory 
+#                   if 'canceloverwrite': delete file written to tmp/overwrites directory
+#                   $context is passed as argument to &finishuserfileupload
 #        $subdir - directory in userfile to store the file into
 #        $parser - instruction to parse file for objects ($parser = parse)    
 #        $allfiles - reference to hash for embedded objects
@@ -2231,38 +2793,62 @@ sub userphotoupload
 #        $dsetudom - domain for permanaent storage of uploaded file
 #        $thumbwidth - width (pixels) of thumbnail to make for uploaded image 
 #        $thumbheight - height (pixels) of thumbnail to make for uploaded image
+#        $resizewidth - width (pixels) to which to resize uploaded image
+#        $resizeheight - height (pixels) to which to resize uploaded image
+#        $mimetype - reference to scalar to accommodate mime type determined
+#                    from File::MMagic if $parser = parse.
 # 
 # output: url of file in userspace, or error: <message> 
 #             or /adm/notfound.html if failure to upload occurse
 
-
 sub userfileupload {
-    my ($formname,$coursedoc,$subdir,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase,$destuname,
-        $destudom,$thumbwidth,$thumbheight)=@_;
+    my ($formname,$context,$subdir,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase,$destuname,
+        $destudom,$thumbwidth,$thumbheight,$resizewidth,$resizeheight,$mimetype)=@_;
     if (!defined($subdir)) { $subdir='unknown'; }
     my $fname=$env{'form.'.$formname.'.filename'};
     $fname=&clean_filename($fname);
-# See if there is anything left
+    # See if there is anything left
     unless ($fname) { return 'error: no uploaded file'; }
-    chop($env{'form.'.$formname});
-    if (($formname eq 'screenshot') && ($subdir eq 'helprequests')) { #files uploaded to help request form are handled differently
+    # Files uploaded to help request form, or uploaded to "create course" page are handled differently
+    if ((($formname eq 'screenshot') && ($subdir eq 'helprequests')) ||
+        (($formname eq 'coursecreatorxml') && ($subdir eq 'batchupload')) ||
+         ($context eq 'existingfile') || ($context eq 'canceloverwrite')) {
         my $now = time;
-        my $filepath = 'tmp/helprequests/'.$now;
-        my @parts=split(/\//,$filepath);
-        my $fullpath = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
-        for (my $i=0;$i<@parts;$i++) {
-            $fullpath .= '/'.$parts[$i];
-            if ((-e $fullpath)!=1) {
-                mkdir($fullpath,0777);
+        my $filepath;
+        if (($formname eq 'screenshot') && ($subdir eq 'helprequests')) {
+             $filepath = 'tmp/helprequests/'.$now;
+        } elsif (($formname eq 'coursecreatorxml') && ($subdir eq 'batchupload')) {
+             $filepath = 'tmp/addcourse/'.$destudom.'/web/'.$env{'user.name'}.
+                         '_'.$env{'user.domain'}.'/pending';
+        } elsif (($context eq 'existingfile') || ($context eq 'canceloverwrite')) {
+            my ($docuname,$docudom);
+            if ($destudom) {
+                $docudom = $destudom;
+            } else {
+                $docudom = $env{'user.domain'};
+            }
+            if ($destuname) {
+                $docuname = $destuname;
+            } else {
+                $docuname = $env{'user.name'};
+            }
+            if (exists($env{'form.group'})) {
+                $docuname=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
+                $docudom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
+            }
+            $filepath = 'tmp/overwrites/'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$subdir;
+            if ($context eq 'canceloverwrite') {
+                my $tempfile =  $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/'.$filepath.'/'.$fname;
+                if (-e  $tempfile) {
+                    my @info = stat($tempfile);
+                    if ($info[9] eq $env{'form.timestamp'}) {
+                        unlink($tempfile);
+                    }
+                }
+                return;
             }
         }
-        open(my $fh,'>'.$fullpath.'/'.$fname);
-        print $fh $env{'form.'.$formname};
-        close($fh);
-        return $fullpath.'/'.$fname;
-    } elsif (($formname eq 'coursecreatorxml') && ($subdir eq 'batchupload')) { #files uploaded to create course page are handled differently
-        my $filepath = 'tmp/addcourse/'.$destudom.'/web/'.$env{'user.name'}.
-                       '_'.$env{'user.domain'}.'/pending';
+        # Create the directory if not present
         my @parts=split(/\//,$filepath);
         my $fullpath = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'};
         for (my $i=0;$i<@parts;$i++) {
@@ -2274,34 +2860,39 @@ sub userfileupload {
         open(my $fh,'>'.$fullpath.'/'.$fname);
         print $fh $env{'form.'.$formname};
         close($fh);
-        return $fullpath.'/'.$fname;
+        if ($context eq 'existingfile') {
+            my @info = stat($fullpath.'/'.$fname);
+            return ($fullpath.'/'.$fname,$info[9]);
+        } else {
+            return $fullpath.'/'.$fname;
+        }
     }
     if ($subdir eq 'scantron') {
         $fname = 'scantron_orig_'.$fname;
-    } else {   
-# Create the directory if not present
+    } else {
         $fname="$subdir/$fname";
     }
-    if ($coursedoc) {
+    if ($context eq 'coursedoc') {
 	my $docuname=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.num'};
 	my $docudom=$env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.domain'};
         if ($env{'form.folder'} =~ m/^(default|supplemental)/) {
             return &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,
 					 $formname,$fname,$parser,$allfiles,
-					 $codebase,$thumbwidth,$thumbheight);
+					 $codebase,$thumbwidth,$thumbheight,
+                                         $resizewidth,$resizeheight,$context,$mimetype);
         } else {
             $fname=$env{'form.folder'}.'/'.$fname;
             return &process_coursefile('uploaddoc',$docuname,$docudom,
 				       $fname,$formname,$parser,
-				       $allfiles,$codebase);
+				       $allfiles,$codebase,$mimetype);
         }
     } elsif (defined($destuname)) {
         my $docuname=$destuname;
         my $docudom=$destudom;
 	return &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,$formname,$fname,
 				     $parser,$allfiles,$codebase,
-                                     $thumbwidth,$thumbheight);
-        
+                                     $thumbwidth,$thumbheight,
+                                     $resizewidth,$resizeheight,$context,$mimetype);
     } else {
         my $docuname=$env{'user.name'};
         my $docudom=$env{'user.domain'};
@@ -2311,13 +2902,14 @@ sub userfileupload {
         }
 	return &finishuserfileupload($docuname,$docudom,$formname,$fname,
 				     $parser,$allfiles,$codebase,
-                                     $thumbwidth,$thumbheight);
+                                     $thumbwidth,$thumbheight,
+                                     $resizewidth,$resizeheight,$context,$mimetype);
     }
 }
 
 sub finishuserfileupload {
     my ($docuname,$docudom,$formname,$fname,$parser,$allfiles,$codebase,
-        $thumbwidth,$thumbheight) = @_;
+        $thumbwidth,$thumbheight,$resizewidth,$resizeheight,$context,$mimetype) = @_;
     my $path=$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/';
     my $filepath=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'};
   
@@ -2343,24 +2935,49 @@ sub finishuserfileupload {
 	    print STDERR ('Failed to create '.$filepath.'/'.$file."\n");
 	    return '/adm/notfound.html';
 	}
-	if (!print FH ($env{'form.'.$formname})) {
+        if ($context eq 'overwrite') {
+            my $source =  LONCAPA::tempdir().'/overwrites/'.$docudom.'/'.$docuname.'/'.$fname;
+            my $target = $filepath.'/'.$file;
+            if (-e $source) {
+                my @info = stat($source);
+                if ($info[9] eq $env{'form.timestamp'}) {   
+                    unless (&File::Copy::move($source,$target)) {
+                        &logthis('Failed to overwrite '.$filepath.'/'.$file);
+                        return "Moving from $source failed";
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    return "Temporary file: $source had unexpected date/time for last modification";
+                }
+            } else {
+                return "Temporary file: $source missing";
+            }
+        } elsif (!print FH ($env{'form.'.$formname})) {
 	    &logthis('Failed to write to '.$filepath.'/'.$file);
 	    print STDERR ('Failed to write to '.$filepath.'/'.$file."\n");
 	    return '/adm/notfound.html';
 	}
 	close(FH);
-	if($upload_photo_form==1)
-	{
-		resizeImage($filepath.'/'.$file);		
-		$upload_photo_form = 0;
+        if ($resizewidth && $resizeheight) {
+            my $mm = new File::MMagic;
+            my $mime_type = $mm->checktype_filename($filepath.'/'.$file);
+            if ($mime_type =~ m{^image/}) {
+	        &resizeImage($filepath.'/'.$file,$resizewidth,$resizeheight);
+            }  
 	}
     }
     if ($parser eq 'parse') {
-        my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath.'/'.$file,$allfiles,
-						   $codebase);
-        unless ($parse_result eq 'ok') {
-            &logthis('Failed to parse '.$filepath.$file.
-		     ' for embedded media: '.$parse_result); 
+        my $mm = new File::MMagic;
+        my $type = $mm->checktype_filename($filepath.'/'.$file);
+        if ($type eq 'text/html') {
+            my $parse_result = &extract_embedded_items($filepath.'/'.$file,
+                                                       $allfiles,$codebase);
+            unless ($parse_result eq 'ok') {
+                &logthis('Failed to parse '.$filepath.$file.
+	   	         ' for embedded media: '.$parse_result); 
+            }
+        }
+        if (ref($mimetype)) {
+            $$mimetype = $type;
         }
     }
     if (($thumbwidth =~ /^\d+$/) && ($thumbheight =~ /^\d+$/)) {
@@ -2769,7 +3386,7 @@ sub userrolelog {
     if (($trole=~/^ca/) || ($trole=~/^aa/) ||
         ($trole=~/^in/) || ($trole=~/^cc/) ||
         ($trole=~/^ep/) || ($trole=~/^cr/) ||
-        ($trole=~/^ta/)) {
+        ($trole=~/^ta/) || ($trole=~/^co/)) {
        my (undef,$rudom,$runame,$rsec)=split(/\//,$area);
        $userrolehash
          {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$runame.':'.$rudom.':'.$rsec}
@@ -2778,7 +3395,8 @@ sub userrolelog {
     if (($env{'request.role'} =~ /dc\./) &&
 	(($trole=~/^au/) || ($trole=~/^in/) ||
 	 ($trole=~/^cc/) || ($trole=~/^ep/) ||
-	 ($trole=~/^cr/) || ($trole=~/^ta/))) {
+	 ($trole=~/^cr/) || ($trole=~/^ta/) ||
+         ($trole=~/^co/))) {
        $userrolehash
          {$trole.':'.$username.':'.$domain.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}.':'}
                     =$tend.':'.$tstart;
@@ -2799,7 +3417,8 @@ sub courserolelog {
     if (($trole eq 'cc') || ($trole eq 'in') ||
         ($trole eq 'ep') || ($trole eq 'ad') ||
         ($trole eq 'ta') || ($trole eq 'st') ||
-        ($trole=~/^cr/) || ($trole eq 'gr')) {
+        ($trole=~/^cr/) || ($trole eq 'gr') ||
+        ($trole eq 'co')) {
         if ($area =~ m-^/($match_domain)/($match_courseid)/?([^/]*)-) {
             my $cdom = $1;
             my $cnum = $2;
@@ -2893,8 +3512,9 @@ sub get_my_roles {
     unless (defined($uname)) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
     unless (defined($udom)) { $udom=$env{'user.domain'}; }
     my (%dumphash,%nothide);
-    if ($context eq 'userroles') { 
-        %dumphash = &dump('roles',$udom,$uname);
+    if ($context eq 'userroles') {
+        my $extra = &freeze_escape({'skipcheck' => 1});
+        %dumphash = &dump('roles',$udom,$uname,'.',undef,$extra);
     } else {
         %dumphash=
             &dump('nohist_userroles',$udom,$uname);
@@ -2954,6 +3574,10 @@ sub get_my_roles {
                     if (!grep(/^cr$/,@{$roles})) {
                         next;
                     }
+                } elsif ($role =~ /^gr\//) {
+                    if (!grep(/^gr$/,@{$roles})) {
+                        next;
+                    }
                 } else {
                     next;
                 }
@@ -3033,6 +3657,7 @@ sub getannounce {
 
 sub courseidput {
     my ($domain,$storehash,$coursehome,$caller) = @_;
+    return unless (ref($storehash) eq 'HASH');
     my $outcome;
     if ($caller eq 'timeonly') {
         my $cids = '';
@@ -3071,7 +3696,8 @@ sub courseidput {
 sub courseiddump {
     my ($domfilter,$descfilter,$sincefilter,$instcodefilter,$ownerfilter,
         $coursefilter,$hostidflag,$hostidref,$typefilter,$regexp_ok,
-        $selfenrollonly,$catfilter,$showhidden,$caller,$cloner,$cc_clone,$cloneonly)=@_;
+        $selfenrollonly,$catfilter,$showhidden,$caller,$cloner,$cc_clone,
+        $cloneonly,$createdbefore,$createdafter,$creationcontext,$domcloner)=@_;
     my $as_hash = 1;
     my %returnhash;
     if (!$domfilter) { $domfilter=''; }
@@ -3091,7 +3717,10 @@ sub courseiddump {
                          ':'.&escape($regexp_ok).':'.$as_hash.':'.
                          &escape($selfenrollonly).':'.&escape($catfilter).':'.
                          $showhidden.':'.$caller.':'.&escape($cloner).':'.
-                         &escape($cc_clone).':'.$cloneonly,$tryserver);
+                         &escape($cc_clone).':'.$cloneonly.':'.
+                         &escape($createdbefore).':'.&escape($createdafter).':'.
+                         &escape($creationcontext).':'.$domcloner,
+                         $tryserver);
                 my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
                 foreach my $item (@pairs) {
                     my ($key,$value)=split(/\=/,$item,2);
@@ -3114,6 +3743,49 @@ sub courseiddump {
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
+sub courselastaccess {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$hostidref) = @_;
+    my %returnhash;
+    if ($cdom && $cnum) {
+        my $chome = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
+        if ($chome ne 'no_host') {
+            my $rep = &reply('courselastaccess:'.$cdom.':'.$cnum,$chome);
+            &extract_lastaccess(\%returnhash,$rep);
+        }
+    } else {
+        if (!$cdom) { $cdom=''; }
+        my %libserv = &all_library();
+        foreach my $tryserver (keys(%libserv)) {
+            if (ref($hostidref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                next unless (grep(/^\Q$tryserver\E$/,@{$hostidref}));
+            } 
+            if (($cdom eq '') || (&host_domain($tryserver) eq $cdom)) {
+                my $rep = &reply('courselastaccess:'.&host_domain($tryserver).':',$tryserver);
+                &extract_lastaccess(\%returnhash,$rep);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return %returnhash;
+}
+
+sub extract_lastaccess {
+    my ($returnhash,$rep) = @_;
+    if (ref($returnhash) eq 'HASH') {
+        unless ($rep eq 'unknown_command' || $rep eq 'no_such_host' || 
+                $rep eq 'con_lost' || $rep eq 'rejected' || $rep eq 'refused' ||
+                 $rep eq '') {
+            my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
+            foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+                my ($key,$value)=split(/\=/,$item,2);
+                $key = &unescape($key);
+                next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+                $returnhash->{$key} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- DC e-mail
 
 sub dcmailput {
@@ -3146,10 +3818,10 @@ sub dcmaildump {
 
 sub get_domain_roles {
     my ($dom,$roles,$startdate,$enddate)=@_;
-    if (undef($startdate) || $startdate eq '') {
+    if ((!defined($startdate)) || ($startdate eq '')) {
         $startdate = '.';
     }
-    if (undef($enddate) || $enddate eq '') {
+    if ((!defined($enddate)) || ($enddate eq '')) {
         $enddate = '.';
     }
     my $rolelist;
@@ -3174,7 +3846,7 @@ sub get_domain_roles {
     return %personnel;
 }
 
-# ----------------------------------------------------------- Check out an item
+# ----------------------------------------------------------- Interval timing 
 
 sub get_first_access {
     my ($type,$argsymb)=@_;
@@ -3210,91 +3882,6 @@ sub set_first_access {
     return 'already_set';
 }
 
-sub checkout {
-    my ($symb,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid)=@_;
-    my $now=time;
-    my $lonhost=$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
-    my $infostr=&escape(
-                 'CHECKOUTTOKEN&'.
-                 $tuname.'&'.
-                 $tudom.'&'.
-                 $tcrsid.'&'.
-                 $symb.'&'.
-		 $now.'&'.$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'});
-    my $token=&reply('tmpput:'.$infostr,$lonhost);
-    if ($token=~/^error\:/) { 
-        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
-                "Checkout tmpput failed ".$tudom.' - '.$tuname.' - '.$symb.
-                 "</font>");
-        return ''; 
-    }
-
-    $token=~s/^(\d+)\_.*\_(\d+)$/$1\*$2\*$lonhost/;
-    $token=~tr/a-z/A-Z/;
-
-    my %infohash=('resource.0.outtoken' => $token,
-                  'resource.0.checkouttime' => $now,
-                  'resource.0.outremote' => $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'});
-
-    unless (&cstore(\%infohash,$symb,$tcrsid,$tudom,$tuname) eq 'ok') {
-       return '';
-    } else {
-        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
-                "Checkout cstore failed ".$tudom.' - '.$tuname.' - '.$symb.
-                 "</font>");
-    }    
-
-    if (&log($tudom,$tuname,&homeserver($tuname,$tudom),
-                         &escape('Checkout '.$infostr.' - '.
-                                                 $token)) ne 'ok') {
-	return '';
-    } else {
-        &logthis("<font color=\"blue\">WARNING: ".
-                "Checkout log failed ".$tudom.' - '.$tuname.' - '.$symb.
-                 "</font>");
-    }
-    return $token;
-}
-
-# ------------------------------------------------------------ Check in an item
-
-sub checkin {
-    my $token=shift;
-    my $now=time;
-    my ($ta,$tb,$lonhost)=split(/\*/,$token);
-    $lonhost=~tr/A-Z/a-z/;
-    my $dtoken=$ta.'_'.&hostname($lonhost).'_'.$tb;
-    $dtoken=~s/\W/\_/g;
-    my ($dummy,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid,$symb,$chtim,$rmaddr)=
-                 split(/\&/,&unescape(&reply('tmpget:'.$dtoken,$lonhost)));
-
-    unless (($tuname) && ($tudom)) {
-        &logthis('Check in '.$token.' ('.$dtoken.') failed');
-        return '';
-    }
-    
-    unless (&allowed('mgr',$tcrsid)) {
-        &logthis('Check in '.$token.' ('.$dtoken.') unauthorized: '.
-                 $env{'user.name'}.' - '.$env{'user.domain'});
-        return '';
-    }
-
-    my %infohash=('resource.0.intoken' => $token,
-                  'resource.0.checkintime' => $now,
-                  'resource.0.inremote' => $ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'});
-
-    unless (&cstore(\%infohash,$symb,$tcrsid,$tudom,$tuname) eq 'ok') {
-       return '';
-    }    
-
-    if (&log($tudom,$tuname,&homeserver($tuname,$tudom),
-                         &escape('Checkin - '.$token)) ne 'ok') {
-	return '';
-    }
-
-    return ($symb,$tuname,$tudom,$tcrsid);    
-}
-
 # --------------------------------------------- Set Expire Date for Spreadsheet
 
 sub expirespread {
@@ -3399,7 +3986,7 @@ sub hashref2str {
       $result.='=';
       #print("Got a ref of ".(ref($key))." skipping.");
     } else {
-	if ($key) {$result.=&escape($key).'=';} else { last; }
+	if (defined($key)) {$result.=&escape($key).'=';} else { last; }
     }
 
     if(ref($hashref->{$key}) eq 'ARRAY') {
@@ -3551,7 +4138,7 @@ sub tmpreset {
   if ($domain eq 'public' && $stuname eq 'public') {
       $stuname=$ENV{'REMOTE_ADDR'};
   }
-  my $path=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp';
+  my $path=LONCAPA::tempdir();
   my %hash;
   if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
 	  $path.'/tmpstore_'.$stuname.'_'.$domain.'_'.$namespace.'.db',
@@ -3590,7 +4177,7 @@ sub tmpstore {
   }
   my $now=time;
   my %hash;
-  my $path=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp';
+  my $path=LONCAPA::tempdir();
   if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
 	  $path.'/tmpstore_'.$stuname.'_'.$domain.'_'.$namespace.'.db',
 	  &GDBM_WRCREAT(),0640)) {
@@ -3636,7 +4223,7 @@ sub tmprestore {
   $namespace=~s/\//\_/g;
   $namespace=~s/\W//g;
   my %hash;
-  my $path=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp';
+  my $path=LONCAPA::tempdir();
   if (tie(%hash,'GDBM_File',
 	  $path.'/tmpstore_'.$stuname.'_'.$domain.'_'.$namespace.'.db',
 	  &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
@@ -3773,6 +4360,8 @@ sub restore {
 }
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------- Course Description
+#
+#  
 
 sub coursedescription {
     my ($courseid,$args)=@_;
@@ -3802,7 +4391,8 @@ sub coursedescription {
 	return %returnhash;
     }
 
-    # get the data agin
+    # get the data again
+
     if (!$args->{'one_time'}) {
 	$envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.last_cache'}=time;
     }
@@ -3810,6 +4400,10 @@ sub coursedescription {
     if ($chome ne 'no_host') {
        %returnhash=&dump('environment',$cdomain,$cnum);
        if (!exists($returnhash{'con_lost'})) {
+	   my $username = $env{'user.name'}; # Defult username
+	   if(defined $args->{'user'}) {
+	       $username = $args->{'user'};
+	   }
            $returnhash{'home'}= $chome;
 	   $returnhash{'domain'} = $cdomain;
 	   $returnhash{'num'} = $cnum;
@@ -3820,8 +4414,8 @@ sub coursedescription {
                $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.'.$name}=$value;
            }
            $returnhash{'url'}=&clutter($returnhash{'url'});
-           $returnhash{'fn'}=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.
-	       $env{'user.name'}.'_'.$cdomain.'_'.$cnum;
+           $returnhash{'fn'}=LONCAPA::tempdir() .
+	       $username.'_'.$cdomain.'_'.$cnum;
            $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.home'}=$chome;
            $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.domain'}=$cdomain;
            $envhash{'course.'.$normalid.'.num'}=$cnum;
@@ -3833,13 +4427,54 @@ sub coursedescription {
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
+sub update_released_required {
+    my ($needsrelease,$cdom,$cnum,$chome,$cid) = @_;
+    if ($cdom eq '' || $cnum eq '' || $chome eq '' || $cid eq '') {
+        $cid = $env{'request.course.id'};
+        $cdom = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.domain'};
+        $cnum = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'};
+        $chome = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.home'};
+    }
+    if ($needsrelease) {
+        my %curr_reqd_hash = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,'internal.releaserequired');
+        my $needsupdate;
+        if ($curr_reqd_hash{'internal.releaserequired'} eq '') {
+            $needsupdate = 1;
+        } else {
+            my ($currmajor,$currminor) = split(/\./,$curr_reqd_hash{'internal.releaserequired'});
+            my ($needsmajor,$needsminor) = split(/\./,$needsrelease);
+            if (($currmajor < $needsmajor) || ($currmajor == $needsmajor && $currminor < $needsminor)) {
+                $needsupdate = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if ($needsupdate) {
+            my %needshash = (
+                             'internal.releaserequired' => $needsrelease,
+                            );
+            my $putresult = &put('environment',\%needshash,$cdom,$cnum);
+            if ($putresult eq 'ok') {
+                &appenv({'course.'.$cid.'.internal.releaserequired' => $needsrelease});
+                my %crsinfo = &courseiddump($cdom,'.',1,'.','.',$cnum,undef,undef,'.');
+                if (ref($crsinfo{$cid}) eq 'HASH') {
+                    $crsinfo{$cid}{'releaserequired'} = $needsrelease;
+                    &courseidput($cdom,\%crsinfo,$chome,'notime');
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 # -------------------------------------------------See if a user is privileged
 
 sub privileged {
     my ($username,$domain)=@_;
     my $rolesdump=&reply("dump:$domain:$username:roles",
 			&homeserver($username,$domain));
-    if (($rolesdump eq 'con_lost') || ($rolesdump eq '')) { return 0; }
+    if (($rolesdump eq 'con_lost') || ($rolesdump eq '') || 
+        ($rolesdump =~ /^error:/)) {
+        return 0;
+    }
     my $now=time;
     if ($rolesdump ne '') {
         foreach my $entry (split(/&/,$rolesdump)) {
@@ -3867,14 +4502,16 @@ sub privileged {
 
 sub rolesinit {
     my ($domain,$username,$authhost)=@_;
-    my %userroles;
-    my $rolesdump=reply("dump:$domain:$username:roles",$authhost);
-    if (($rolesdump eq 'con_lost') || ($rolesdump eq '')) { return \%userroles; }
+    my $now=time;
+    my %userroles = ('user.login.time' => $now);
+    my $extra = &freeze_escape({'skipcheck' => 1});
+    my $rolesdump=reply("dump:$domain:$username:roles:.::$extra",$authhost);
+    if (($rolesdump eq 'con_lost') || ($rolesdump eq '') || 
+        ($rolesdump =~ /^error:/)) {
+        return \%userroles;
+    }
     my %allroles=();
     my %allgroups=();   
-    my $now=time;
-    %userroles = ('user.login.time' => $now);
-    my $group_privs;
 
     if ($rolesdump ne '') {
         foreach my $entry (split(/&/,$rolesdump)) {
@@ -3891,6 +4528,7 @@ sub rolesinit {
 		}
             } elsif ($role =~ m|^gr/|) {
                 ($trole,$tend,$tstart) = split(/_/,$role);
+                next if ($tstart eq '-1');
                 ($trole,$group_privs) = split(/\//,$trole);
                 $group_privs = &unescape($group_privs);
 	    } else {
@@ -3939,6 +4577,9 @@ sub custom_roleprivs {
         if (($rdummy ne 'con_lost') && ($roledef ne '')) {
             my ($syspriv,$dompriv,$coursepriv)=split(/\_/,$roledef);
             if (defined($syspriv)) {
+                if ($trest =~ /^$match_community$/) {
+                    $syspriv =~ s/bre\&S//; 
+                }
                 $$allroles{'cm./'}.=':'.$syspriv;
                 $$allroles{$spec.'./'}.=':'.$syspriv;
             }
@@ -3987,23 +4628,36 @@ sub standard_roleprivs {
 }
 
 sub set_userprivs {
-    my ($userroles,$allroles,$allgroups) = @_; 
+    my ($userroles,$allroles,$allgroups,$groups_roles) = @_; 
     my $author=0;
     my $adv=0;
     my %grouproles = ();
     if (keys(%{$allgroups}) > 0) {
+        my @groupkeys; 
         foreach my $role (keys(%{$allroles})) {
-            my ($trole,$area,$sec,$extendedarea);
-            if ($role =~ m-^(\w+|cr/$match_domain/$match_username/\w+)\.(/$match_domain/$match_courseid)(/?\w*)\.-) {
-                $trole = $1;
-                $area = $2;
-                $sec = $3;
-                $extendedarea = $area.$sec;
-                if (exists($$allgroups{$area})) {
-                    foreach my $group (keys(%{$$allgroups{$area}})) {
-                        my $spec = $trole.'.'.$extendedarea;
-                        $grouproles{$spec.'.'.$area.'/'.$group} = 
+            push(@groupkeys,$role);
+        }
+        if (ref($groups_roles) eq 'HASH') {
+            foreach my $key (keys(%{$groups_roles})) {
+                unless (grep(/^\Q$key\E$/,@groupkeys)) {
+                    push(@groupkeys,$key);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (@groupkeys > 0) {
+            foreach my $role (@groupkeys) {
+                my ($trole,$area,$sec,$extendedarea);
+                if ($role =~ m-^(\w+|cr/$match_domain/$match_username/\w+)\.(/$match_domain/$match_courseid)(/?\w*)\.-) {
+                    $trole = $1;
+                    $area = $2;
+                    $sec = $3;
+                    $extendedarea = $area.$sec;
+                    if (exists($$allgroups{$area})) {
+                        foreach my $group (keys(%{$$allgroups{$area}})) {
+                            my $spec = $trole.'.'.$extendedarea;
+                            $grouproles{$spec.'.'.$area.'/'.$group} = 
                                                 $$allgroups{$area}{$group};
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -4027,7 +4681,7 @@ sub set_userprivs {
             }
         }
         my $thesestr='';
-        foreach my $priv (keys(%thesepriv)) {
+        foreach my $priv (sort(keys(%thesepriv))) {
 	    $thesestr.=':'.$priv.'&'.$thesepriv{$priv};
 	}
         $userroles->{'user.priv.'.$role} = $thesestr;
@@ -4036,7 +4690,7 @@ sub set_userprivs {
 }
 
 sub role_status {
-    my ($rolekey,$then,$refresh,$now,$role,$where,$trolecode,$tstatus,$tstart,$tend) = @_;
+    my ($rolekey,$update,$refresh,$now,$role,$where,$trolecode,$tstatus,$tstart,$tend) = @_;
     my @pwhere = ();
     if (exists($env{$rolekey}) && $env{$rolekey} ne '') {
         (undef,undef,$$role,@pwhere)=split(/\./,$rolekey);
@@ -4045,46 +4699,48 @@ sub role_status {
             $$trolecode=$$role.'.'.$$where;
             ($$tstart,$$tend)=split(/\./,$env{$rolekey});
             $$tstatus='is';
-            if ($$tstart && $$tstart>$then) {
+            if ($$tstart && $$tstart>$update) {
                 $$tstatus='future';
-                if ($$tstart && $$tstart>$refresh) {
-                    if ($$tstart<$now) {
+                if ($$tstart<$now) {
+                    if ($$tstart && $$tstart>$refresh) {
                         if (($$where ne '') && ($$role ne '')) {
-                            my (%allroles,%allgroups,$group_privs);
+                            my (%allroles,%allgroups,$group_privs,
+                                %groups_roles,@rolecodes);
                             my %userroles = (
                                 'user.role.'.$$role.'.'.$$where => $$tstart.'.'.$$tend
                             );
+                            @rolecodes = ('cm'); 
                             my $spec=$$role.'.'.$$where;
                             my ($tdummy,$tdomain,$trest)=split(/\//,$$where);
-                            if ($$role eq 'gr') {
-                                my %rolehash = &get('roles',[$$where.'_'.$$role],$env{'user.domain'},
-                                                    $env{'user.name'})=@_;
-                                my ($trole) = split('_',$role,1);
-                                (undef,my $group_privs) = split(/\//,$trole);
-                                $group_privs = &unescape($group_privs);
-                            }
                             if ($$role =~ /^cr\//) {
                                 &custom_roleprivs(\%allroles,$$role,$tdomain,$trest,$spec,$$where);
+                                push(@rolecodes,'cr');
                             } elsif ($$role eq 'gr') {
+                                push(@rolecodes,$$role);
                                 my %rolehash = &get('roles',[$$where.'_'.$$role],$env{'user.domain'},
                                                     $env{'user.name'});
-                                my $trole = split('_',$rolehash{$$where.'_'.$$role},1);
+                                my ($trole) = split('_',$rolehash{$$where.'_'.$$role},2);
                                 (undef,my $group_privs) = split(/\//,$trole);
                                 $group_privs = &unescape($group_privs);
                                 &group_roleprivs(\%allgroups,$$where,$group_privs,$$tend,$$tstart);
+                                my %course_roles = &get_my_roles($env{'user.name'},$env{'user.domain'},'userroles',['active'],['cc','co','in','ta','ep','ad','st','cr'],[$tdomain],1);
+                                &get_groups_roles($tdomain,$trest,
+                                                  \%course_roles,\@rolecodes,
+                                                  \%groups_roles);
                             } else {
+                                push(@rolecodes,$$role);
                                 &standard_roleprivs(\%allroles,$$role,$tdomain,$spec,$trest,$$where);
                             }
-                            my ($author,$adv)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%allroles,\%allgroups);
-                            &appenv(\%userroles,[$$role,'cm']);
+                            my ($author,$adv)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%allroles,\%allgroups,\%groups_roles);
+                            &appenv(\%userroles,\@rolecodes);
                             &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$role);
-                            $$tstatus = 'is';
                         }
                     }
+                    $$tstatus = 'is';
                 }
             }
             if ($$tend) {
-                if ($$tend<$then) {
+                if ($$tend<$update) {
                     $$tstatus='expired';
                 } elsif ($$tend<$now) {
                     $$tstatus='will_not';
@@ -4094,23 +4750,81 @@ sub role_status {
     }
 }
 
+sub get_groups_roles {
+    my ($cdom,$rest,$cdom_courseroles,$rolecodes,$groups_roles) = @_;
+    return unless((ref($cdom_courseroles) eq 'HASH') && 
+                  (ref($rolecodes) eq 'ARRAY') && 
+                  (ref($groups_roles) eq 'HASH')); 
+    if (keys(%{$cdom_courseroles}) > 0) {
+        my ($cnum) = ($rest =~ /^($match_courseid)/);
+        if ($cdom ne '' && $cnum ne '') {
+            foreach my $key (keys(%{$cdom_courseroles})) {
+                if ($key =~ /^\Q$cnum\E:\Q$cdom\E:([^:]+):?([^:]*)/) {
+                    my $crsrole = $1;
+                    my $crssec = $2;
+                    if ($crsrole =~ /^cr/) {
+                        unless (grep(/^cr$/,@{$rolecodes})) {
+                            push(@{$rolecodes},'cr');
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        unless(grep(/^\Q$crsrole\E$/,@{$rolecodes})) {
+                            push(@{$rolecodes},$crsrole);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    my $rolekey = "$crsrole./$cdom/$cnum";
+                    if ($crssec ne '') {
+                        $rolekey .= "/$crssec";
+                    }
+                    $rolekey .= './';
+                    $groups_roles->{$rolekey} = $rolecodes;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+sub delete_env_groupprivs {
+    my ($where,$courseroles,$possroles) = @_;
+    return unless((ref($courseroles) eq 'HASH') && (ref($possroles) eq 'ARRAY'));
+    my ($dummy,$udom,$uname,$group) = split(/\//,$where);
+    unless (ref($courseroles->{$udom}) eq 'HASH') {
+        %{$courseroles->{$udom}} =
+            &get_my_roles('','','userroles',['active'],
+                          $possroles,[$udom],1);
+    }
+    if (ref($courseroles->{$udom}) eq 'HASH') {
+        foreach my $item (keys(%{$courseroles->{$udom}})) {
+            my ($cnum,$cdom,$crsrole,$crssec) = split(/:/,$item);
+            my $area = '/'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum;
+            my $privkey = "user.priv.$crsrole.$area";
+            if ($crssec ne '') {
+                $privkey .= '/'.$crssec;
+            }
+            $privkey .= ".$area/$group";
+            &Apache::lonnet::delenv($privkey,undef,[$crsrole]);
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 sub check_adhoc_privs {
-    my ($cdom,$cnum,$then,$refresh,$now,$checkrole) = @_;
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$update,$refresh,$now,$checkrole,$caller) = @_;
     my $cckey = 'user.role.'.$checkrole.'./'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum;
     if ($env{$cckey}) {
         my ($role,$where,$trolecode,$tstart,$tend,$tremark,$tstatus,$tpstart,$tpend);
-        &role_status($cckey,$then,$refresh,$now,\$role,\$where,\$trolecode,\$tstatus,\$tstart,\$tend);
+        &role_status($cckey,$update,$refresh,$now,\$role,\$where,\$trolecode,\$tstatus,\$tstart,\$tend);
         unless (($tstatus eq 'is') || ($tstatus eq 'will_not')) {
-            &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole);
+            &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller);
         }
     } else {
-        &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole);
+        &set_adhoc_privileges($cdom,$cnum,$checkrole,$caller);
     }
 }
 
 sub set_adhoc_privileges {
 # role can be cc or ca
-    my ($dcdom,$pickedcourse,$role) = @_;
+    my ($dcdom,$pickedcourse,$role,$caller) = @_;
     my $area = '/'.$dcdom.'/'.$pickedcourse;
     my $spec = $role.'.'.$area;
     my %userroles = &set_arearole($role,$area,'','',$env{'user.domain'},
@@ -4120,14 +4834,16 @@ sub set_adhoc_privileges {
     my ($author,$adv)= &set_userprivs(\%userroles,\%ccrole);
     &appenv(\%userroles,[$role,'cm']);
     &log($env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'},$env{'user.home'},"Role ".$role);
-    &appenv( {'request.role'        => $spec,
-              'request.role.domain' => $dcdom,
-              'request.course.sec'  => ''
-             }
-           );
-    my $tadv=0;
-    if (&allowed('adv') eq 'F') { $tadv=1; }
-    &appenv({'request.role.adv'    => $tadv});
+    unless ($caller eq 'constructaccess' && $env{'request.course.id'}) {
+        &appenv( {'request.role'        => $spec,
+                  'request.role.domain' => $dcdom,
+                  'request.course.sec'  => ''
+                 }
+               );
+        my $tadv=0;
+        if (&allowed('adv') eq 'F') { $tadv=1; }
+        &appenv({'request.role.adv'    => $tadv});
+    }
 }
 
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- get interface
@@ -4176,7 +4892,7 @@ sub del {
 # -------------------------------------------------------------- dump interface
 
 sub dump {
-    my ($namespace,$udomain,$uname,$regexp,$range)=@_;
+    my ($namespace,$udomain,$uname,$regexp,$range,$extra)=@_;
     if (!$udomain) { $udomain=$env{'user.domain'}; }
     if (!$uname) { $uname=$env{'user.name'}; }
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udomain);
@@ -4185,18 +4901,21 @@ sub dump {
     } else {
 	$regexp='.';
     }
-    my $rep=&reply("dump:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$regexp:$range",$uhome);
+    my $rep=&reply("dump:$udomain:$uname:$namespace:$regexp:$range:$extra",$uhome);
     my @pairs=split(/\&/,$rep);
     my %returnhash=();
-    foreach my $item (@pairs) {
-	my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
-	$key = &unescape($key);
-	next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
-	$returnhash{$key}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+    if (!($rep =~ /^error/ )) {
+	foreach my $item (@pairs) {
+	    my ($key,$value)=split(/=/,$item,2);
+	    $key = &unescape($key);
+	    next if ($key =~ /^error: 2 /);
+	    $returnhash{$key}=&thaw_unescape($value);
+	}
     }
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
+
 # --------------------------------------------------------- dumpstore interface
 
 sub dumpstore {
@@ -4479,7 +5198,7 @@ sub tmpget {
     return %returnhash;
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------ tmpget interface
+# ------------------------------------------------------------ tmpdel interface
 sub tmpdel {
     my ($token,$server)=@_;
     if (!defined($server)) { $server = $perlvar{'lonHostID'}; }
@@ -4590,7 +5309,7 @@ sub get_portfolio_access {
                 my (%allgroups,%allroles); 
                 my ($start,$end,$role,$sec,$group);
                 foreach my $envkey (%env) {
-                    if ($envkey =~ m-^user\.role\.(gr|cc|in|ta|ep|st)\./($match_domain)/($match_courseid)/?([^/]*)$-) {
+                    if ($envkey =~ m-^user\.role\.(gr|cc|co|in|ta|ep|ad|st)\./($match_domain)/($match_courseid)/?([^/]*)$-) {
                         my $cid = $2.'_'.$3; 
                         if ($1 eq 'gr') {
                             $group = $4;
@@ -4730,7 +5449,7 @@ sub is_portfolio_file {
 }
 
 sub usertools_access {
-    my ($uname,$udom,$tool,$action,$context) = @_;
+    my ($uname,$udom,$tool,$action,$context,$userenvref,$domdefref,$is_advref)=@_;
     my ($access,%tools);
     if ($context eq '') {
         $context = 'tools';
@@ -4772,9 +5491,14 @@ sub usertools_access {
         $toolstatus = $env{'environment.'.$context.'.'.$tool};
         $inststatus = $env{'environment.inststatus'};
     } else {
-        my %userenv = &userenvironment($udom,$uname,$context.'.'.$tool);
-        $toolstatus = $userenv{$context.'.'.$tool};
-        $inststatus = $userenv{'inststatus'};
+        if (ref($userenvref) eq 'HASH') {
+            $toolstatus = $userenvref->{$context.'.'.$tool};
+            $inststatus = $userenvref->{'inststatus'};
+        } else {
+            my %userenv = &userenvironment($udom,$uname,$context.'.'.$tool,'inststatus');
+            $toolstatus = $userenv{$context.'.'.$tool};
+            $inststatus = $userenv{'inststatus'};
+        }
     }
 
     if ($toolstatus ne '') {
@@ -4786,8 +5510,17 @@ sub usertools_access {
         return $access;
     }
 
-    my $is_adv = &is_advanced_user($udom,$uname);
-    my %domdef = &get_domain_defaults($udom);
+    my ($is_adv,%domdef);
+    if (ref($is_advref) eq 'HASH') {
+        $is_adv = $is_advref->{'is_adv'};
+    } else {
+        $is_adv = &is_advanced_user($udom,$uname);
+    }
+    if (ref($domdefref) eq 'HASH') {
+        %domdef = %{$domdefref};
+    } else {
+        %domdef = &get_domain_defaults($udom);
+    }
     if (ref($domdef{$tool}) eq 'HASH') {
         if ($is_adv) {
             if ($domdef{$tool}{'_LC_adv'} ne '') {
@@ -4838,11 +5571,41 @@ sub usertools_access {
     }
 }
 
+sub is_course_owner {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$udom,$uname) = @_;
+    if (($udom eq '') || ($uname eq '')) {
+        $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+        $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+    }
+    unless (($udom eq '') || ($uname eq '')) {
+        if (exists($env{'course.'.$cdom.'_'.$cnum.'.internal.courseowner'})) {
+            if ($env{'course.'.$cdom.'_'.$cnum.'.internal.courseowner'} eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                return 1;
+            } else {
+                my %courseinfo = &Apache::lonnet::coursedescription($cdom.'/'.$cnum);
+                if ($courseinfo{'internal.courseowner'} eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                    return 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
 sub is_advanced_user {
     my ($udom,$uname) = @_;
+    if ($udom ne '' && $uname ne '') {
+        if (($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+            if (wantarray) {
+                return ($env{'user.adv'},$env{'user.author'});
+            } else {
+                return $env{'user.adv'};
+            }
+        }
+    }
     my %roleshash = &get_my_roles($uname,$udom,'userroles',undef,undef,undef,1);
     my %allroles;
-    my $is_adv;
+    my ($is_adv,$is_author);
     foreach my $role (keys(%roleshash)) {
         my ($trest,$tdomain,$trole,$sec) = split(/:/,$role);
         my $area = '/'.$tdomain.'/'.$trest;
@@ -4856,6 +5619,9 @@ sub is_advanced_user {
             } elsif ($trole ne 'gr') {
                 &standard_roleprivs(\%allroles,$trole,$tdomain,$spec,$trest,$area);
             }
+            if ($trole eq 'au') {
+                $is_author = 1;
+            }
         }
     }
     foreach my $role (keys(%allroles)) {
@@ -4870,9 +5636,61 @@ sub is_advanced_user {
             }
         }
     }
+    if (wantarray) {
+        return ($is_adv,$is_author);
+    }
     return $is_adv;
 }
 
+sub check_can_request {
+    my ($dom,$can_request,$request_domains) = @_;
+    my $canreq = 0;
+    my ($types,$typename) = &Apache::loncommon::course_types();
+    my @options = ('approval','validate','autolimit');
+    my $optregex = join('|',@options);
+    if ((ref($can_request) eq 'HASH') && (ref($types) eq 'ARRAY')) {
+        foreach my $type (@{$types}) {
+            if (&usertools_access($env{'user.name'},
+                                  $env{'user.domain'},
+                                  $type,undef,'requestcourses')) {
+                $canreq ++;
+                if (ref($request_domains) eq 'HASH') {
+                    push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$env{'user.domain'});
+                }
+                if ($dom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
+                    $can_request->{$type} = 1;
+                }
+            }
+            if ($env{'environment.reqcrsotherdom.'.$type} ne '') {
+                my @curr = split(',',$env{'environment.reqcrsotherdom.'.$type});
+                if (@curr > 0) {
+                    foreach my $item (@curr) {
+                        if (ref($request_domains) eq 'HASH') {
+                            my ($otherdom) = ($item =~ /^($match_domain):($optregex)(=?\d*)$/);
+                            if ($otherdom ne '') {
+                                if (ref($request_domains->{$type}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                                    unless (grep(/^\Q$otherdom\E$/,@{$request_domains->{$type}})) {
+                                        push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$otherdom);
+                                    }
+                                } else {
+                                    push(@{$request_domains->{$type}},$otherdom);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    unless($dom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
+                        $canreq ++;
+                        if (grep(/^\Q$dom\E:($optregex)(=?\d*)$/,@curr)) {
+                            $can_request->{$type} = 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return $canreq;
+}
+
 # ---------------------------------------------- Custom access rule evaluation
 
 sub customaccess {
@@ -5027,17 +5845,68 @@ sub allowed {
     my $statecond=0;
     my $courseprivid='';
 
+    my $ownaccess;
+    # Community Coordinator or Assistant Co-author browsing resource space.
+    if (($priv eq 'bro') && ($env{'user.author'})) {
+        if ($uri eq '') {
+            $ownaccess = 1;
+        } else {
+            if (($env{'user.domain'} ne '') && ($env{'user.name'} ne '')) {
+                my $udom = $env{'user.domain'};
+                my $uname = $env{'user.name'};
+                if ($uri =~ m{^\Q$udom\E/?$}) {
+                    $ownaccess = 1;
+                } elsif ($uri =~ m{^\Q$udom\E/\Q$uname\E/?}) {
+                    unless ($uri =~ m{\.\./}) {
+                        $ownaccess = 1;
+                    }
+                } elsif (($udom ne 'public') && ($uname ne 'public')) {
+                    my $now = time;
+                    if ($uri =~ m{^([^/]+)/?$}) {
+                        my $adom = $1;
+                        foreach my $key (keys(%env)) {
+                            if ($key =~ m{^user\.role\.(ca|aa)/\Q$adom\E}) {
+                                my ($start,$end) = split('.',$env{$key});
+                                if (($now >= $start) && (!$end || $end < $now)) {
+                                    $ownaccess = 1;
+                                    last;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } elsif ($uri =~ m{^([^/]+)/([^/]+)/?}) {
+                        my $adom = $1;
+                        my $aname = $2;
+                        foreach my $role ('ca','aa') { 
+                            if ($env{"user.role.$role./$adom/$aname"}) {
+                                my ($start,$end) =
+                                    split('.',$env{"user.role.$role./$adom/$aname"});
+                                if (($now >= $start) && (!$end || $end < $now)) {
+                                    $ownaccess = 1;
+                                    last;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
 # Course
 
     if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'}=~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
-       $thisallowed.=$1;
+        unless (($priv eq 'bro') && (!$ownaccess)) {
+            $thisallowed.=$1;
+        }
     }
 
 # Domain
 
     if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'./'.(split(/\//,$uri))[0].'/'}
        =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
-       $thisallowed.=$1;
+        unless (($priv eq 'bro') && (!$ownaccess)) {
+            $thisallowed.=$1;
+        }
     }
 
 # Course: uri itself is a course
@@ -5047,7 +5916,9 @@ sub allowed {
 
     if ($env{'user.priv.'.$env{'request.role'}.'.'.$courseuri}
        =~/\Q$priv\E\&([^\:]*)/) {
-       $thisallowed.=$1;
+        unless (($priv eq 'bro') && (!$ownaccess)) {
+            $thisallowed.=$1;
+        }
     }
 
 # URI is an uploaded document for this course, default permissions don't matter
@@ -5253,7 +6124,7 @@ sub allowed {
        my $unamedom=$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'};
        if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.roles.denied'}
 	   =~/\Q$rolecode\E/) {
-	   if ($priv ne 'pch') { 
+	   if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc')) { 
 	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.':'.
 			'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode.' in '.
 			$env{'request.course.id'});
@@ -5263,7 +6134,7 @@ sub allowed {
 
        if ($env{'course.'.$env{'request.course.id'}.'.'.$priv.'.users.denied'}
 	   =~/\Q$unamedom\E/) {
-	   if ($priv ne 'pch') { 
+	   if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc')) { 
 	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.
 			'Denied by user: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$unamedom.' in '.
 			$env{'request.course.id'});
@@ -5277,7 +6148,7 @@ sub allowed {
    if ($thisallowed=~/R/) {
        my $rolecode=(split(/\./,$env{'request.role'}))[0];
        if (&metadata($uri,'roledeny')=~/\Q$rolecode\E/) {
-	   if ($priv ne 'pch') { 
+	   if (($priv ne 'pch') && ($priv ne 'plc')) { 
 	       &logthis($env{'user.domain'}.':'.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.home'}.':'.
 			'Denied by role: '.$priv.' for '.$uri.' as '.$rolecode);
 	   }
@@ -5308,7 +6179,27 @@ sub allowed {
     }
    return 'F';
 }
-
+#
+#   Removes the versino from a URI and
+#   splits it in to its filename and path to the filename.
+#   Seems like File::Basename could have done this more clearly.
+#   Parameters:
+#      $uri   - input URI
+#   Returns:
+#     Two element list consisting of 
+#     $pathname  - the URI up to and excluding the trailing /
+#     $filename  - The part of the URI following the last /
+#  NOTE:
+#    Another realization of this is simply:
+#    use File::Basename;
+#    ...
+#    $uri = shift;
+#    $filename = basename($uri);
+#    $path     = dirname($uri);
+#    return ($filename, $path);
+#
+#     The implementation below is probably faster however.
+#
 sub split_uri_for_cond {
     my $uri=&deversion(&declutter(shift));
     my @uriparts=split(/\//,$uri);
@@ -5460,8 +6351,7 @@ sub update_allusers_table {
                'generation='.&escape($names->{'generation'}).'%%'.
                'permanentemail='.&escape($names->{'permanentemail'}).'%%'.
                'id='.&escape($names->{'id'}),$homeserver);
-    my $reply = &get_query_reply($queryid);
-    return $reply;
+    return;
 }
 
 # ------- Request retrieval of institutional classlists for course(s)
@@ -5505,7 +6395,7 @@ sub fetch_enrollment_query {
                 $$replyref{$key} = $value;
             }
         } else {
-            my $pathname = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp';
+            my $pathname = LONCAPA::tempdir();
             foreach my $line (@responses) {
                 my ($key,$value) = split(/=/,$line);
                 $$replyref{$key} = $value;
@@ -5535,7 +6425,7 @@ sub fetch_enrollment_query {
 
 sub get_query_reply {
     my $queryid=shift;
-    my $replyfile=$perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$queryid;
+    my $replyfile=LONCAPA::tempdir().$queryid;
     my $reply='';
     for (1..100) {
 	sleep 2;
@@ -5631,9 +6521,9 @@ sub auto_get_sections {
 }
 
 sub auto_new_course {
-    my ($cnum,$cdom,$inst_course_id,$owner) = @_;
+    my ($cnum,$cdom,$inst_course_id,$owner,$coowners) = @_;
     my $homeserver = &homeserver($cnum,$cdom);
-    my $response=&unescape(&reply('autonewcourse:'.$inst_course_id.':'.$owner.':'.$cdom,$homeserver));
+    my $response=&unescape(&reply('autonewcourse:'.$inst_course_id.':'.&escape($owner).':'.$cdom.':'.&escape($coowners),$homeserver));
     return $response;
 }
 
@@ -5655,9 +6545,10 @@ sub auto_validate_instcode {
             $homeserver = &domain($cdom,'primary');
         }
     }
-    my $response=&unescape(&reply('autovalidateinstcode:'.$cdom.':'.
-                           &escape($instcode).':'.&escape($owner),$homeserver));
-    return $response;
+    $response=&unescape(&reply('autovalidateinstcode:'.$cdom.':'.
+                        &escape($instcode).':'.&escape($owner),$homeserver));
+    my ($outcome,$description) = map { &unescape($_); } split('&',$response,2);
+    return ($outcome,$description);
 }
 
 sub auto_create_password {
@@ -5774,6 +6665,13 @@ sub auto_instcode_format {
 		push(@homeservers,$tryserver);
 	    }
         }
+    } elsif ($caller eq 'requests') {
+        if ($codedom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+            my $chome = &domain($codedom,'primary');
+            unless ($chome eq 'no_host') {
+                push(@homeservers,$chome);
+            }
+        }
     } else {
         push(@homeservers,&homeserver($caller,$codedom));
     }
@@ -5874,13 +6772,37 @@ sub auto_possible_instcodes {
 
 sub auto_courserequest_checks {
     my ($dom) = @_;
-    my %validations;
+    my ($homeserver,%validations);
+    if ($dom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+        $homeserver = &domain($dom,'primary');
+    }
+    unless ($homeserver eq 'no_host') {
+        my $response=&reply('autocrsreqchecks:'.$dom,$homeserver);
+        unless ($response =~ /(con_lost|error|no_such_host|refused)/) {
+            my @items = split(/&/,$response);
+            foreach my $item (@items) {
+                my ($key,$value) = split('=',$item);
+                $validations{&unescape($key)} = &thaw_unescape($value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
     return %validations; 
 }
 
 sub auto_courserequest_validation {
-    my ($dom,$details,$inststatuses,$message) = @_;
-    return 'pending';
+    my ($dom,$owner,$crstype,$inststatuslist,$instcode,$instseclist) = @_;
+    my ($homeserver,$response);
+    if ($dom =~ /^$match_domain$/) {
+        $homeserver = &domain($dom,'primary');
+    }
+    unless ($homeserver eq 'no_host') {  
+          
+        $response=&unescape(&reply('autocrsreqvalidation:'.$dom.':'.&escape($owner).
+                                    ':'.&escape($crstype).':'.&escape($inststatuslist).
+                                    ':'.&escape($instcode).':'.&escape($instseclist),
+                                    $homeserver));
+    }
+    return $response;
 }
 
 sub auto_validate_class_sec {
@@ -5992,7 +6914,8 @@ sub get_users_groups {
     } else {  
         $grouplist = '';
         my $courseurl = &courseid_to_courseurl($courseid);
-        my %roleshash = &dump('roles',$udom,$uname,$courseurl);
+        my $extra = &freeze_escape({'skipcheck' => 1});
+        my %roleshash = &dump('roles',$udom,$uname,$courseurl,undef,$extra);
         my $access_end = $env{'course.'.$courseid.
                               '.default_enrollment_end_date'};
         my $now = time;
@@ -6035,30 +6958,37 @@ sub devalidate_getgroups_cache {
 
 sub plaintext {
     my ($short,$type,$cid,$forcedefault) = @_;
-    if ($short =~ /^cr/) {
+    if ($short =~ m{^cr/}) {
 	return (split('/',$short))[-1];
     }
     if (!defined($cid)) {
         $cid = $env{'request.course.id'};
     }
-    if (defined($cid) && ($env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.'.plaintext'} ne '')) {
-        unless ($forcedefault) {
-            my $roletext = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.'.plaintext'}; 
-            &Apache::lonlocal::mt_escape(\$roletext);
-            return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($roletext);
-        }
-    }
     my %rolenames = (
                       Course    => 'std',
                       Community => 'alt1',
                     );
-    if (defined($type) && 
-         defined($rolenames{$type}) && 
-         defined($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$type}})) {
+    if ($cid ne '') {
+        if ($env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.'.plaintext'} ne '') {
+            unless ($forcedefault) {
+                my $roletext = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.'.$short.'.plaintext'}; 
+                &Apache::lonlocal::mt_escape(\$roletext);
+                return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($roletext);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ((defined($type)) && (defined($rolenames{$type})) &&
+        (defined($rolenames{$type})) && 
+        (defined($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$type}}))) {
         return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$type}});
-    } else {
-        return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{'std'});
+    } elsif ($cid ne '') {
+        my $crstype = $env{'course.'.$cid.'.type'};
+        if (($crstype ne '') && (defined($rolenames{$crstype})) &&
+            (defined($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$crstype}}))) {
+            return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{$rolenames{$crstype}});
+        }
     }
+    return &Apache::lonlocal::mt($prp{$short}{'std'});
 }
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Assign Role
@@ -6071,10 +7001,27 @@ sub assignrole {
         my $cwosec=$url;
         $cwosec=~s/^\/($match_domain)\/($match_courseid)\/.*/$1\/$2/;
 	unless (&allowed('ccr',$cwosec)) {
-           &logthis('Refused custom assignrole: '.
-             $udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.' by '.
-		    $env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'});
-           return 'refused'; 
+           my $refused = 1;
+           if ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
+               if (($env{'user.name'} ne '') && ($env{'user.domain'} ne '')) {
+                   if ($role =~ m{^cr/($match_domain)/($match_username)/([^/]+)$}) {
+                       if (($1 eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($2 eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+                           my ($cdom,$cnum) = ($cwosec =~ m{^/?($match_domain)/($match_courseid)$});
+                           my %crsenv = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,('internal.courseowner'));
+                           if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq
+                               $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
+                               $refused = '';
+                           }
+                       }
+                   }
+               }
+           }
+           if ($refused) {
+               &logthis('Refused custom assignrole: '.
+                        $udom.' '.$uname.' '.$url.' '.$role.' '.$end.' '.$start.
+                        ' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'});
+               return 'refused';
+           }
         }
         $mrole='cr';
     } elsif ($role =~ /^gr\//) {
@@ -6100,15 +7047,44 @@ sub assignrole {
                 $refused = 1;
             }
             if ($refused) {
-                if (($selfenroll == 1) && ($role eq 'st') && ($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
+                my ($cdom,$cnum) = ($cwosec =~ m{^/?($match_domain)/($match_courseid)$});
+                if (!$selfenroll && $context eq 'course') {
+                    my %crsenv;
+                    if ($role eq 'cc' || $role eq 'co') {
+                        %crsenv = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,('internal.courseowner'));
+                        if (($role eq 'cc') && ($cnum !~ /^$match_community$/)) {
+                            if ($env{'request.role'} eq 'cc./'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum) {
+                                if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq 
+                                    $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
+                                    $refused = '';
+                                }
+                            }
+                        } elsif (($role eq 'co') && ($cnum =~ /^$match_community$/)) { 
+                            if ($env{'request.role'} eq 'co./'.$cdom.'/'.$cnum) {
+                                if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq 
+                                    $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
+                                    $refused = '';
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                } elsif (($selfenroll == 1) && ($role eq 'st') && ($udom eq $env{'user.domain'}) && ($uname eq $env{'user.name'})) {
                     $refused = '';
                 } elsif ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
-                    if (($role eq 'cc') && ($env{'user.name'} ne '' && $env{'user.domain'} ne '')) {
-                        my ($cdom,$cnum) = ($cwosec =~ m{^/($match_domain)/($match_courseid)$});
-                        my %crsenv = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,('internal.courseowner'));
-                        if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq 
-                             $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
-                            $refused = '';
+                    my @possroles = ('st','ta','ep','in','cc','co');
+                    if ((grep(/^\Q$role\E$/,@possroles)) && ($env{'user.name'} ne '' && $env{'user.domain'} ne '')) {
+                        my $wrongcc;
+                        if ($cnum =~ /^$match_community$/) {
+                            $wrongcc = 1 if ($role eq 'cc');
+                        } else {
+                            $wrongcc = 1 if ($role eq 'co');
+                        }
+                        unless ($wrongcc) {
+                            my %crsenv = &userenvironment($cdom,$cnum,('internal.courseowner'));
+                            if ($crsenv{'internal.courseowner'} eq 
+                                 $env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}) {
+                                $refused = '';
+                            }
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -6119,6 +7095,13 @@ sub assignrole {
                     return 'refused';
                 }
             }
+        } elsif ($role eq 'au') {
+            if ($url ne '/'.$udom.'/') {
+                &logthis('Attempt by '.$env{'user.name'}.':'.$env{'user.domain'}.
+                         ' to assign author role for '.$uname.':'.$udom.
+                         ' in domain: '.$url.' refused (wrong domain).');
+                return 'refused';
+            }
         }
         $mrole=$role;
     }
@@ -6159,10 +7142,97 @@ sub assignrole {
             &Apache::longroup::group_changes($udom,$uname,$url,$role,$origend,
                                              $origstart,$selfenroll,$context);
         }
+        if ($role eq 'cc') {
+            &autoupdate_coowners($url,$end,$start,$uname,$udom);
+        }
     }
     return $answer;
 }
 
+sub autoupdate_coowners {
+    my ($url,$end,$start,$uname,$udom) = @_;
+    my ($cdom,$cnum) = ($url =~ m{^/($match_domain)/($match_courseid)});
+    if (($cdom ne '') && ($cnum ne '')) {
+        my $now = time;
+        my %domdesign = &Apache::loncommon::get_domainconf($cdom);
+        if ($domdesign{$cdom.'.autoassign.co-owners'}) {
+            my %coursehash = &coursedescription($cdom.'_'.$cnum);
+            my $instcode = $coursehash{'internal.coursecode'};
+            if ($instcode ne '') {
+                if (($start && $start <= $now) && ($end == 0) || ($end > $now)) {
+                    unless ($coursehash{'internal.courseowner'} eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                        my ($delcoowners,@newcoowners,$putresult,$delresult,$coowners);
+                        my ($result,$desc) = &auto_validate_instcode($cnum,$cdom,$instcode,$uname.':'.$udom);
+                        if ($result eq 'valid') {
+                            if ($coursehash{'internal.co-owners'}) {
+                                foreach my $coowner (split(',',$coursehash{'internal.co-owners'})) {
+                                    push(@newcoowners,$coowner);
+                                }
+                                unless (grep(/^\Q$uname\E:\Q$udom\E$/,@newcoowners)) {
+                                    push(@newcoowners,$uname.':'.$udom);
+                                }
+                                @newcoowners = sort(@newcoowners);
+                            } else {
+                                push(@newcoowners,$uname.':'.$udom);
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            if ($coursehash{'internal.co-owners'}) {
+                                foreach my $coowner (split(',',$coursehash{'internal.co-owners'})) {
+                                    unless ($coowner eq $uname.':'.$udom) {
+                                        push(@newcoowners,$coowner);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                unless (@newcoowners > 0) {
+                                    $delcoowners = 1;
+                                    $coowners = '';
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if (@newcoowners || $delcoowners) {
+                            &store_coowners($cdom,$cnum,$coursehash{'home'},
+                                            $delcoowners,@newcoowners);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub store_coowners {
+    my ($cdom,$cnum,$chome,$delcoowners,@newcoowners) = @_;
+    my $cid = $cdom.'_'.$cnum;
+    my ($coowners,$delresult,$putresult);
+    if (@newcoowners) {
+        $coowners = join(',',@newcoowners);
+        my %coownershash = (
+                            'internal.co-owners' => $coowners,
+                           );
+        $putresult = &put('environment',\%coownershash,$cdom,$cnum);
+        if ($putresult eq 'ok') {
+            if ($env{'course.'.$cid.'.num'} eq $cnum) {
+                &appenv({'course.'.$cid.'.internal.co-owners' => $coowners});
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($delcoowners) {
+        $delresult = &Apache::lonnet::del('environment',['internal.co-owners'],$cdom,$cnum);
+        if ($delresult eq 'ok') {
+            if ($env{'course.'.$cid.'.internal.co-owners'}) {
+                &Apache::lonnet::delenv('course.'.$cid.'.internal.co-owners');
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (($putresult eq 'ok') || ($delresult eq 'ok')) {
+        my %crsinfo =
+            &Apache::lonnet::courseiddump($cdom,'.',1,'.','.',$cnum,undef,undef,'.');
+        if (ref($crsinfo{$cid}) eq 'HASH') {
+            $crsinfo{$cid}{'co-owners'} = \@newcoowners;
+            my $cidput = &Apache::lonnet::courseidput($cdom,\%crsinfo,$chome,'notime');
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 # -------------------------------------------------- Modify user authentication
 # Overrides without validation
 
@@ -6195,17 +7265,27 @@ sub modifyuser {
     my ($udom,    $uname, $uid,
         $umode,   $upass, $first,
         $middle,  $last,  $gene,
-        $forceid, $desiredhome, $email, $inststatus)=@_;
+        $forceid, $desiredhome, $email, $inststatus, $candelete)=@_;
     $udom= &LONCAPA::clean_domain($udom);
     $uname=&LONCAPA::clean_username($uname);
+    my $showcandelete = 'none';
+    if (ref($candelete) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        if (@{$candelete} > 0) {
+            $showcandelete = join(', ',@{$candelete});
+        }
+    }
     &logthis('Call to modify user '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.$uid.', '.
              $umode.', '.$first.', '.$middle.', '.
-	     $last.', '.$gene.'(forceid: '.$forceid.')'.
+	     $last.', '.$gene.'(forceid: '.$forceid.'; candelete: '.$showcandelete.')'.
              (defined($desiredhome) ? ' desiredhome = '.$desiredhome :
                                      ' desiredhome not specified'). 
              ' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'}.
              ' in domain '.$env{'request.role.domain'});
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
+    my $newuser;
+    if ($uhome eq 'no_host') {
+        $newuser = 1;
+    }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Create User
     if (($uhome eq 'no_host') && 
 	(($umode && $upass) || ($umode eq 'localauth'))) {
@@ -6258,16 +7338,41 @@ sub modifyuser {
 		   ['firstname','middlename','lastname','generation','id',
                     'permanentemail','inststatus'],
 		   $udom,$uname);
-    my %names;
+    my (%names,%oldnames);
     if ($tmp[0] =~ m/^error:.*/) { 
         %names=(); 
     } else {
         %names = @tmp;
+        %oldnames = %names;
     }
 #
-# Make sure to not trash student environment if instructor does not bother
-# to supply name and email information
-#
+# If name, email and/or uid are blank (e.g., because an uploaded file
+# of users did not contain them), do not overwrite existing values
+# unless field is in $candelete array ref.  
+#
+
+    my @fields = ('firstname','middlename','lastname','generation',
+                  'permanentemail','id');
+    my %newvalues;
+    if (ref($candelete) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        foreach my $field (@fields) {
+            if (grep(/^\Q$field\E$/,@{$candelete})) {
+                if ($field eq 'firstname') {
+                    $names{$field} = $first;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'middlename') {
+                    $names{$field} = $middle;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'lastname') {
+                    $names{$field} = $last;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'generation') { 
+                    $names{$field} = $gene;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'permanentemail') {
+                    $names{$field} = $email;
+                } elsif ($field eq 'id') {
+                    $names{$field}  = $uid;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
     if ($first)  { $names{'firstname'}  = $first; }
     if (defined($middle)) { $names{'middlename'} = $middle; }
     if ($last)   { $names{'lastname'}   = $last; }
@@ -6292,18 +7397,40 @@ sub modifyuser {
             }
         }
     }
-    my $reply = &put('environment', \%names, $udom,$uname);
-    if ($reply ne 'ok') { return 'error: '.$reply; }
-    my $sqlresult = &update_allusers_table($uname,$udom,\%names);
-    &devalidate_cache_new('namescache',$uname.':'.$udom);
-    my $logmsg = 'Success modifying user '.$udom.', '.$uname.', '.$uid.', '.
+    my $logmsg = $udom.', '.$uname.', '.$uid.', '.
                  $umode.', '.$first.', '.$middle.', '.
-	         $last.', '.$gene.', '.$email.', '.$inststatus;
+                 $last.', '.$gene.', '.$email.', '.$inststatus;
     if ($env{'user.name'} ne '' && $env{'user.domain'}) {
         $logmsg .= ' by '.$env{'user.name'}.' at '.$env{'user.domain'};
     } else {
         $logmsg .= ' during self creation';
     }
+    my $changed;
+    if ($newuser) {
+        $changed = 1;
+    } else {
+        foreach my $field (@fields) {
+            if ($names{$field} ne $oldnames{$field}) {
+                $changed = 1;
+                last;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    unless ($changed) {
+        $logmsg = 'No changes in user information needed for: '.$logmsg;
+        &logthis($logmsg);
+        return 'ok';
+    }
+    my $reply = &put('environment', \%names, $udom,$uname);
+    if ($reply ne 'ok') { 
+        return 'error: '.$reply;
+    }
+    if ($names{'permanentemail'} ne $oldnames{'permanentemail'}) {
+        &Apache::lonnet::devalidate_cache_new('emailscache',$uname.':'.$udom);
+    }
+    my $sqlresult = &update_allusers_table($uname,$udom,\%names);
+    &devalidate_cache_new('namescache',$uname.':'.$udom);
+    $logmsg = 'Success modifying user '.$logmsg;
     &logthis($logmsg);
     return 'ok';
 }
@@ -6439,14 +7566,39 @@ sub createcourse {
         $course_owner,$crstype,$cnum,$context,$category)=@_;
     $url=&declutter($url);
     my $cid='';
-    unless (&allowed('ccc',$udom)) {
-        if ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
-            unless (&usertools_access($course_owner,$udom,$category,undef,$context)) {
-                return 'refused';
+    if ($context eq 'requestcourses') {
+        my $can_create = 0;
+        my ($ownername,$ownerdom) = split(':',$course_owner);
+        if ($udom eq $ownerdom) {
+            if (&usertools_access($ownername,$ownerdom,$category,undef,
+                                  $context)) {
+                $can_create = 1;
+            }
+        } else {
+            my %userenv = &userenvironment($ownerdom,$ownername,'reqcrsotherdom.'.
+                                           $category);
+            if ($userenv{'reqcrsotherdom.'.$category} ne '') {
+                my @curr = split(',',$userenv{'reqcrsotherdom.'.$category});
+                if (@curr > 0) {
+                    my @options = qw(approval validate autolimit);
+                    my $optregex = join('|',@options);
+                    if (grep(/^\Q$udom\E:($optregex)(=?\d*)$/,@curr)) {
+                        $can_create = 1;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if ($can_create) {
+            unless ($ownername eq $env{'user.name'} && $ownerdom eq $env{'user.domain'}) {
+                unless (&allowed('ccc',$udom)) {
+                    return 'refused'; 
+                }
             }
         } else {
             return 'refused';
         }
+    } elsif (!&allowed('ccc',$udom)) {
+        return 'refused';
     }
 # --------------------------------------------------------------- Get Unique ID
     my $uname;
@@ -6455,16 +7607,24 @@ sub createcourse {
         if (($chome eq '') || ($chome eq 'no_host')) {
             $uname = $cnum;
         } else {
-            $uname = &generate_coursenum($udom);
+            $uname = &generate_coursenum($udom,$crstype);
         }
     } else {
-        $uname = &generate_coursenum($udom);
+        $uname = &generate_coursenum($udom,$crstype);
     }
     return $uname if ($uname =~ /^error/);
 # -------------------------------------------------- Check supplied server name
-    $course_server = $env{'user.homeserver'} if (! defined($course_server));
-    if (! &is_library($course_server)) {
-        return 'error:bad server name '.$course_server;
+    if (!defined($course_server)) {
+        if (defined(&domain($udom,'primary'))) {
+            $course_server = &domain($udom,'primary');
+        } else {
+            $course_server = $env{'user.home'}; 
+        }
+    }
+    my %host_servers =
+        &Apache::lonnet::get_servers($udom,'library');
+    unless ($host_servers{$course_server}) {
+        return 'error: invalid home server for course: '.$course_server;
     }
 # ------------------------------------------------------------- Make the course
     my $reply=&reply('encrypt:makeuser:'.$udom.':'.$uname.':none::',
@@ -6476,12 +7636,17 @@ sub createcourse {
     }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------- Course made
 # log existence
+    my $now = time;
     my $newcourse = {
                     $udom.'_'.$uname => {
                                      description => $description,
                                      inst_code   => $inst_code,
                                      owner       => $course_owner,
                                      type        => $crstype,
+                                     creator     => $env{'user.name'}.':'.
+                                                    $env{'user.domain'},
+                                     created     => $now,
+                                     context     => $context,
                                                 },
                     };
     &courseidput($udom,$newcourse,$uhome,'notime');
@@ -6506,24 +7671,40 @@ ENDINITMAP
     }
 # ----------------------------------------------------------- Write preferences
     &writecoursepref($udom.'_'.$uname,
-                     ('description' => $description,
-                      'url'         => $topurl));
+                     ('description'              => $description,
+                      'url'                      => $topurl,
+                      'internal.creator'         => $env{'user.name'}.':'.
+                                                    $env{'user.domain'},
+                      'internal.created'         => $now,
+                      'internal.creationcontext' => $context)
+                    );
     return '/'.$udom.'/'.$uname;
 }
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------- Create ID
 sub generate_coursenum {
-    my ($udom) = @_;
+    my ($udom,$crstype) = @_;
     my $domdesc = &domain($udom);
     return 'error: invalid domain' if ($domdesc eq '');
-    my $uname=int(1+rand(9)).
+    my $first;
+    if ($crstype eq 'Community') {
+        $first = '0';
+    } else {
+        $first = int(1+rand(9)); 
+    } 
+    my $uname=$first.
         ('a'..'z','A'..'Z','0'..'9')[int(rand(62))].
         substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
         unpack("H2",pack("I32",int(rand(255)))).$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
 # ----------------------------------------------- Make sure that does not exist
     my $uhome=&homeserver($uname,$udom,'true');
     unless (($uhome eq '') || ($uhome eq 'no_host')) {
-        $uname=int(1+rand(9)).
+        if ($crstype eq 'Community') {
+            $first = '0';
+        } else {
+            $first = int(1+rand(9));
+        }
+        $uname=$first.
                ('a'..'z','A'..'Z','0'..'9')[int(rand(62))].
                substr($$.time,0,5).unpack("H8",pack("I32",time)).
                unpack("H2",pack("I32",int(rand(255)))).$perlvar{'lonHostID'};
@@ -6566,8 +7747,8 @@ sub store_userdata {
                     $namevalue.=&escape($key).'='.&freeze_escape($$storehash{$key}).'&';
                 }
                 $namevalue=~s/\&$//;
-                $result =  &reply("store:$env{'user.domain'}:$env{'user.name'}:".
-                                  "$namespace:$datakey:$namevalue",$uhome);
+                $result =  &reply("store:$udom:$uname:$namespace:$datakey:".
+                                  $namevalue,$uhome);
             }
         } else {
             $result = 'error: data to store was not a hash reference'; 
@@ -6620,10 +7801,10 @@ sub diskusage {
 }
 
 sub is_locked {
-    my ($file_name, $domain, $user) = @_;
+    my ($file_name, $domain, $user, $which) = @_;
     my @check;
     my $is_locked;
-    push @check, $file_name;
+    push (@check,$file_name);
     my %locked = &get('file_permissions',\@check,
 		      $env{'user.domain'},$env{'user.name'});
     my ($tmp)=keys(%locked);
@@ -6632,14 +7813,19 @@ sub is_locked {
     if (ref($locked{$file_name}) eq 'ARRAY') {
         $is_locked = 'false';
         foreach my $entry (@{$locked{$file_name}}) {
-           if (ref($entry) eq 'ARRAY') { 
+           if (ref($entry) eq 'ARRAY') {
                $is_locked = 'true';
-               last;
+               if (ref($which) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                   push(@{$which},$entry);
+               } else {
+                   last;
+               }
            }
        }
     } else {
         $is_locked = 'false';
     }
+    return $is_locked;
 }
 
 sub declutter_portfile {
@@ -6683,7 +7869,7 @@ sub save_selected_files {
 sub clear_selected_files {
     my ($user) = @_;
     my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
-    open (OUT, '>'.$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$filename);
+    open (OUT, '>'.LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
     print (OUT undef);
     close (OUT);
     return ("ok");    
@@ -6693,7 +7879,7 @@ sub files_in_path {
     my ($user, $path) = @_;
     my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
     my %return_files;
-    open (IN, '<'.$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$filename);
+    open (IN, '<'.LONCAPA::tempdir().$filename);
     while (my $line_in = <IN>) {
         chomp ($line_in);
         my @paths_and_file = split (m!/!, $line_in);
@@ -6715,7 +7901,7 @@ sub files_not_in_path {
     my $filename = $user."savedfiles";
     my @return_files;
     my $path_part;
-    open(IN, '<'.$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/'.$filename);
+    open(IN, '<'.LONCAPA::.$filename);
     while (my $line = <IN>) {
         #ok, I know it's clunky, but I want it to work
         my @paths_and_file = split(m|/|, $line);
@@ -7063,26 +8249,33 @@ sub dirlist {
 
     if($udom) {
         if($uname) {
+            my $uhome = &homeserver($uname,$udom);
+            if ($uhome eq 'no_host') {
+                return ([],'no_host');
+            }
             $listing = &reply('ls3:'.&escape('/'.$uri).':'.$getpropath.':'
                               .$getuserdir.':'.&escape($dirRoot)
-                              .':'.&escape($uname).':'.&escape($udom),
-                              &homeserver($uname,$udom));
+                              .':'.&escape($uname).':'.&escape($udom),$uhome);
             if ($listing eq 'unknown_cmd') {
-                $listing = &reply('ls2:'.$dirRoot.'/'.$uri,
-                                  &homeserver($uname,$udom));
+                $listing = &reply('ls2:'.$dirRoot.'/'.$uri,$uhome);
             } else {
                 @listing_results = map { &unescape($_); } split(/:/,$listing);
             }
             if ($listing eq 'unknown_cmd') {
-                $listing = &reply('ls:'.$dirRoot.'/'.$uri,
-				  &homeserver($uname,$udom));
+                $listing = &reply('ls:'.$dirRoot.'/'.$uri,$uhome);
                 @listing_results = split(/:/,$listing);
             } else {
                 @listing_results = map { &unescape($_); } split(/:/,$listing);
             }
-            return @listing_results;
+            if (($listing eq 'no_such_host') || ($listing eq 'con_lost') || 
+                ($listing eq 'rejected') || ($listing eq 'refused') ||
+                ($listing eq 'no_such_dir') || ($listing eq 'empty')) {
+                return ([],$listing);
+            } else {
+                return (\@listing_results);
+            }
         } elsif(!$alternateRoot) {
-            my %allusers;
+            my (%allusers,%listerror);
 	    my %servers = &get_servers($udom,'library');
  	    foreach my $tryserver (keys(%servers)) {
                 $listing = &reply('ls3:'.&escape("/res/$udom").':::::'.
@@ -7101,32 +8294,31 @@ sub dirlist {
 		    @listing_results =
 			map { &unescape($_); } split(/:/,$listing);
 		}
-		if ($listing_results[0] ne 'no_such_dir' && 
-		    $listing_results[0] ne 'empty'       &&
-		    $listing_results[0] ne 'con_lost') {
+                if (($listing eq 'no_such_host') || ($listing eq 'con_lost') ||
+                    ($listing eq 'rejected') || ($listing eq 'refused') ||
+                    ($listing eq 'no_such_dir') || ($listing eq 'empty')) {
+                    $listerror{$tryserver} = $listing;
+                } else {
 		    foreach my $line (@listing_results) {
 			my ($entry) = split(/&/,$line,2);
 			$allusers{$entry} = 1;
 		    }
 		}
             }
-            my $alluserstr='';
+            my @alluserslist=();
             foreach my $user (sort(keys(%allusers))) {
-                $alluserstr.=$user.'&user:';
+                push(@alluserslist,$user.'&user');
             }
-            $alluserstr=~s/:$//;
-            return split(/:/,$alluserstr);
+            return (\@alluserslist);
         } else {
-            return ('missing user name');
+            return ([],'missing username');
         }
     } elsif(!defined($getpropath)) {
-        my @all_domains = sort(&all_domains());
-        foreach my $domain (@all_domains) {
-            $domain = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'.$domain.'/&domain';
-        }
-        return @all_domains;
+        my $path = $perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/res/'; 
+        my @all_domains = map { $path.$_.'/&domain'; } (sort(&all_domains()));
+        return (\@all_domains);
     } else {
-        return ('missing domain');
+        return ([],'missing domain');
     }
 }
 
@@ -7139,11 +8331,13 @@ sub GetFileTimestamp {
     my ($studentDomain,$studentName,$filename,$getuserdir)=@_;
     $studentDomain = &LONCAPA::clean_domain($studentDomain);
     $studentName   = &LONCAPA::clean_username($studentName);
-    my ($fileStat) = 
-        &Apache::lonnet::dirlist($filename,$studentDomain,$studentName, 
-                                 undef,$getuserdir);
-    my @stats = split('&', $fileStat);
-    if($stats[0] ne 'empty' && $stats[0] ne 'no_such_dir') {
+    my ($fileref,$error) = &dirlist($filename,$studentDomain,$studentName,
+                                    undef,$getuserdir);
+    if (($error eq 'empty') || ($error eq 'no_such_dir')) {
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (ref($fileref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+        my @stats = split('&',$fileref->[0]);
         # @stats contains first the filename, then the stat output
         return $stats[10]; # so this is 10 instead of 9.
     } else {
@@ -7175,12 +8369,15 @@ sub stat_file {
     if ($file =~ /^userfiles\//) {
         $getpropath = 1;
     }
-    my ($result) = &dirlist($file,$udom,$uname,$getpropath);
-    my @stats = split('&', $result);
-    
-    if($stats[0] ne 'empty' && $stats[0] ne 'no_such_dir') {
-	shift(@stats); #filename is first
-	return @stats;
+    my ($listref,$error) = &dirlist($file,$udom,$uname,$getpropath);
+    if (($error eq 'empty') || ($error eq 'no_such_dir')) {
+        return ();
+    } else {
+        if (ref($listref) eq 'ARRAY') {
+            my @stats = split('&',$listref->[0]);
+	    shift(@stats); #filename is first
+	    return @stats;
+        }
     }
     return ();
 }
@@ -7782,6 +8979,7 @@ sub add_prefix_and_part {
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------- Get metadata
 
 my %metaentry;
+my %importedpartids;
 sub metadata {
     my ($uri,$what,$liburi,$prefix,$depthcount)=@_;
     $uri=&declutter($uri);
@@ -7789,7 +8987,7 @@ sub metadata {
     if (($uri eq '') || 
 	(($uri =~ m|^/*adm/|) && 
 	     ($uri !~ m|^adm/includes|) && ($uri !~ m|/bulletinboard$|)) ||
-        ($uri =~ m|/$|) || ($uri =~ m|/.meta$|) ) {
+        ($uri =~ m|/$|) || ($uri =~ m|/.meta$|) || ($uri =~ m{^/*uploaded/.+\.sequence$})) {
 	return undef;
     }
     if (($uri =~ /^~/ || $uri =~ m{home/$match_username/public_html/}) 
@@ -7808,6 +9006,10 @@ sub metadata {
 	if (defined($cached)) { return $result->{':'.$what}; }
     }
     {
+# Imported parts would go here
+        my %importedids=();
+        my @origfileimportpartids=();
+        my $importedparts=0;
 #
 # Is this a recursive call for a library?
 #
@@ -7831,7 +9033,8 @@ sub metadata {
 		&Apache::lonnet::ssi_body($which,
 					  ('grade_target' => 'meta'));
 	    $cachetime = 1; # only want this cached in the child not long term
-	} elsif ($uri !~ m -^(editupload)/-) {
+	} elsif (($uri !~ m -^(editupload)/-) && 
+                 ($uri !~ m{^/*uploaded/$match_domain/$match_courseid/docs/})) {
 	    my $file=&filelocation('',&clutter($filename));
 	    #push(@{$metaentry{$uri.'.file'}},$file);
 	    $metastring=&getfile($file);
@@ -7891,27 +9094,55 @@ sub metadata {
 # This is not a package - some other kind of start tag
 #
 		    my $entry=$token->[1];
-		    my $unikey;
-		    if ($entry eq 'import') {
-			$unikey='';
-		    } else {
-			$unikey=$entry;
-		    }
-		    $unikey.=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
-
-		    if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) { 
-			$unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'}; 
-		    }
+		    my $unikey='';
 
 		    if ($entry eq 'import') {
 #
 # Importing a library here
 #
+                        my $location=$parser->get_text('/import');
+                        my $dir=$filename;
+                        $dir=~s|[^/]*$||;
+                        $location=&filelocation($dir,$location);
+                       
+                        my $importmode=$token->[2]->{'importmode'};
+                        if ($importmode eq 'problem') {
+# Import as problem/response
+                           $unikey=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
+                        } elsif ($importmode eq 'part') {
+# Import as part(s)
+                           $importedparts=1;
+# We need to get the original file and the imported file to get the part order correct
+# Good news: we do not need to worry about nested libraries, since parts cannot be nested
+# Load and inspect original file
+                           if ($#origfileimportpartids<0) {
+                              undef(%importedpartids);
+                              my $origfilelocation=$perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.&clutter($uri);
+                              my $origfile=&getfile($origfilelocation);
+                              @origfileimportpartids=($origfile=~/<(part|import)[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
+                           }
+
+# Load and inspect imported file
+                           my $impfile=&getfile($location);
+                           my @impfilepartids=($impfile=~/<part[^>]*id\s*=\s*[\"\']([^\"\']+)[\"\'][^>]*>/gs);
+                           if ($#impfilepartids>=0) {
+# This problem had parts
+                               $importedpartids{$token->[2]->{'id'}}=join(',',@impfilepartids);
+                           } else {
+# Importing by turning a single problem into a problem part
+# It gets the import-tags ID as part-ID
+                               $unikey=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'id'});
+                               $importedpartids{$token->[2]->{'id'}}=$token->[2]->{'id'};
+                           }
+                        } else {
+# Normal import
+                           $unikey=&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
+                           if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) {
+                              $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'};
+                           }
+                        }
+
 			if ($depthcount<20) {
-			    my $location=$parser->get_text('/import');
-			    my $dir=$filename;
-			    $dir=~s|[^/]*$||;
-			    $location=&filelocation($dir,$location);
 			    my $metadata = 
 				&metadata($uri,'keys', $location,$unikey,
 					  $depthcount+1);
@@ -7919,9 +9150,16 @@ sub metadata {
 				$metaentry{':'.$meta}=$metaentry{':'.$meta};
 				$metathesekeys{$meta}=1;
 			    }
-			}
-		    } else { 
 			
+                        }
+		    } else {
+#
+# Not importing, some other kind of non-package, non-library start tag
+# 
+                        $unikey=$entry.&add_prefix_and_part($prefix,$token->[2]->{'part'});
+                        if (defined($token->[2]->{'id'})) {
+                            $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'id'};
+                        }
 			if (defined($token->[2]->{'name'})) { 
 			    $unikey.='_'.$token->[2]->{'name'}; 
 			}
@@ -7995,6 +9233,22 @@ sub metadata {
 	    grep { ! $seen{$_} ++ } (split(',',$metaentry{':packages'}));
 	$metaentry{':packages'} = join(',',@uniq_packages);
 
+        if ($importedparts) {
+# We had imported parts and need to rebuild partorder
+           $metaentry{':partorder'}='';
+           $metathesekeys{'partorder'}=1;
+           for (my $index=0;$index<$#origfileimportpartids;$index+=2) {
+               if ($origfileimportpartids[$index] eq 'part') {
+# original part, part of the problem
+                  $metaentry{':partorder'}.=','.$origfileimportpartids[$index+1];
+               } else {
+# we have imported parts at this position
+                  $metaentry{':partorder'}.=','.$importedpartids{$origfileimportpartids[$index+1]};
+               }
+           }
+           $metaentry{':partorder'}=~s/^\,//;
+        }
+
 	$metaentry{':keys'} = join(',',keys(%metathesekeys));
 	&metadata_generate_part0(\%metathesekeys,\%metaentry,$uri);
 	$metaentry{':allpossiblekeys'}=join(',',keys %metathesekeys);
@@ -8175,19 +9429,27 @@ sub symbverify {
 
     if (tie(%bighash,'GDBM_File',$env{'request.course.fn'}.'.db',
                             &GDBM_READER(),0640)) {
+        if (($thisurl =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/ext/}) || ($thisurl =~ m{^ext/})) {
+            $thisurl =~ s/\?.+$//;
+        }
         my $ids=$bighash{'ids_'.&clutter($thisurl)};
-        unless ($ids) { 
-           $ids=$bighash{'ids_/'.$thisurl};
+        unless ($ids) {
+            my $idkey = 'ids_'.($thisurl =~ m{^/}? '' : '/').$thisurl;  
+            $ids=$bighash{$idkey};
         }
         if ($ids) {
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------- Has ID(s)
 	    foreach my $id (split(/\,/,$ids)) {
 	       my ($mapid,$resid)=split(/\./,$id);
+               if ($thisfn =~ m{^/adm/wrapper/ext/}) {
+                   $symb =~ s/\?.+$//;
+               }
                if (
   &symbclean(&declutter($bighash{'map_id_'.$mapid}).'___'.$resid.'___'.$thisfn)
    eq $symb) { 
 		   if (($env{'request.role.adv'}) ||
-		       $bighash{'encrypted_'.$id} eq $env{'request.enc'}) {
+		       ($bighash{'encrypted_'.$id} eq $env{'request.enc'}) ||
+                       ($thisurl eq '/adm/navmaps')) {
 		       $okay=1; 
 		   }
 	       }
@@ -8462,9 +9724,26 @@ sub getCODE {
     }
     return undef;
 }
-
+#
+#  Determines the random seed for a specific context:
+#
+# parameters:
+#   symb      - in course context the symb for the seed.
+#   course_id - The course id of the form domain_coursenum.
+#   domain    - Domain for the user.
+#   course    - Course for the user.
+#   cenv      - environment of the course.
+#
+# NOTE:
+#   All parameters are picked out of the environment if missing
+#   or not defined.
+#   If a symb cannot be determined the current time is used instead.
+#
+#  For a given well defined symb, courside, domain, username,
+#  and course environment, the seed is reproducible.
+#
 sub rndseed {
-    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username)=@_;
+    my ($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username, $cenv)=@_;
     my ($wsymb,$wcourseid,$wdomain,$wusername)=&whichuser();
     if (!defined($symb)) {
 	unless ($symb=$wsymb) { return time; }
@@ -8472,9 +9751,16 @@ sub rndseed {
     if (!$courseid) { $courseid=$wcourseid; }
     if (!$domain) { $domain=$wdomain; }
     if (!$username) { $username=$wusername }
-    my $which=&get_rand_alg();
+
+    my $which;
+    if (defined($cenv->{'rndseed'})) {
+	$which = $cenv->{'rndseed'};
+    } else {
+	$which =&get_rand_alg($courseid);
+    }
 
     if (defined(&getCODE())) {
+
 	if ($which eq '64bit5') {
 	    return &rndseed_CODE_64bit5($symb,$courseid,$domain,$username);
 	} elsif ($which eq '64bit4') {
@@ -8944,7 +10230,7 @@ sub filelocation {
         my @ids=&current_machine_ids();
         foreach my $id (@ids) { if ($id eq $home) { $is_me=1; } }
         if ($is_me) {
-  	    $location=&propath($udom,$uname).'/userfiles/'.$filename;
+  	    $location=propath($udom,$uname).'/userfiles/'.$filename;
         } else {
   	  $location=$Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonDocRoot'}.'/userfiles/'.
   	      $udom.'/'.$uname.'/'.$filename;
@@ -9059,7 +10345,9 @@ sub declutter {
     $thisfn=~s|^adm/wrapper/||;
     $thisfn=~s|^adm/coursedocs/showdoc/||;
     $thisfn=~s/^res\///;
-    $thisfn=~s/\?.+$//;
+    unless (($thisfn =~ /^ext/) || ($thisfn =~ /\.(page|sequence)___\d+___ext/)) {
+        $thisfn=~s/\?.+$//;
+    }
     return $thisfn;
 }
 
@@ -9071,8 +10359,8 @@ sub clutter {
 	|| $thisfn =~ m{^/adm/(includes|pages)} ) { 
        $thisfn='/res'.$thisfn; 
     }
-    if ($thisfn !~m|/adm|) {
-	if ($thisfn =~ m|/ext/|) {
+    if ($thisfn !~m|^/adm|) {
+	if ($thisfn =~ m|^/ext/|) {
 	    $thisfn='/adm/wrapper'.$thisfn;
 	} else {
 	    my ($ext) = ($thisfn =~ /\.(\w+)$/);
@@ -9180,6 +10468,7 @@ sub get_dns {
     while (%alldns) {
 	my ($dns) = keys(%alldns);
 	my $ua=new LWP::UserAgent;
+        $ua->timeout(30);
 	my $request=new HTTP::Request('GET',"$alldns{$dns}://$dns$url");
 	my $response=$ua->request($request);
         delete($alldns{$dns});
@@ -9263,14 +10552,21 @@ sub get_dns {
     my %libserv;
     my $loaded;
     my %name_to_host;
+    my %internetdom;
+    my %LC_dns_serv;
 
     sub parse_hosts_tab {
 	my ($file) = @_;
 	foreach my $configline (@$file) {
 	    next if ($configline =~ /^(\#|\s*$ )/x);
-	    next if ($configline =~ /^\^/);
-	    chomp($configline);
-	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$protocol)=split(/:/,$configline);
+            chomp($configline);
+	    if ($configline =~ /^\^/) {
+                if ($configline =~ /^\^([\w.\-]+)/) {
+                    $LC_dns_serv{$1} = 1;
+                }
+                next;
+            }
+	    my ($id,$domain,$role,$name,$protocol,$intdom)=split(/:/,$configline);
 	    $name=~s/\s//g;
 	    if ($id && $domain && $role && $name) {
 		$hostname{$id}=$name;
@@ -9286,6 +10582,9 @@ sub get_dns {
                 } else {
                     $protocol{$id} = 'http';
                 }
+                if (defined($intdom)) {
+                    $internetdom{$id} = $intdom;
+                }
 	    }
 	}
     }
@@ -9347,6 +10646,12 @@ sub get_dns {
 	return %libserv;
     }
 
+    sub unique_library {
+	#2x reverse removes all hostnames that appear more than once
+        my %unique = reverse &all_library();
+        return reverse %unique;
+    }
+
     sub get_servers {
 	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
 
@@ -9370,6 +10675,11 @@ sub get_dns {
 	return %result;
     }
 
+    sub get_unique_servers {
+        my %unique = reverse &get_servers(@_);
+	return reverse %unique;
+    }
+
     sub host_domain {
 	&load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
 
@@ -9384,6 +10694,21 @@ sub get_dns {
 	my @uniq = grep(!$seen{$_}++, values(%hostdom));
 	return @uniq;
     }
+
+    sub internet_dom {
+        &load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+        my ($lonid) = @_;
+        return $internetdom{$lonid};
+    }
+
+    sub is_LC_dns {
+        &load_hosts_tab() if (!$loaded);
+
+        my ($hostname) = @_;
+        return exists($LC_dns_serv{$hostname});
+    }
+
 }
 
 { 
@@ -9501,6 +10826,40 @@ sub get_dns {
         return undef;
     }
 
+    sub get_internet_names {
+        my ($lonid) = @_;
+        return if ($lonid eq '');
+        my ($idnref,$cached)=
+            &Apache::lonnet::is_cached_new('internetnames',$lonid);
+        if ($cached) {
+            return $idnref;
+        }
+        my $ip = &get_host_ip($lonid);
+        my @hosts = &get_hosts_from_ip($ip);
+        my %iphost = &get_iphost();
+        my (@idns,%seen);
+        foreach my $id (@hosts) {
+            my $dom = &host_domain($id);
+            my $prim_id = &domain($dom,'primary');
+            my $prim_ip = &get_host_ip($prim_id);
+            next if ($seen{$prim_ip});
+            if (ref($iphost{$prim_ip}) eq 'ARRAY') {
+                foreach my $id (@{$iphost{$prim_ip}}) {
+                    my $intdom = &internet_dom($id);
+                    unless (grep(/^\Q$intdom\E$/,@idns)) {
+                        push(@idns,$intdom);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            $seen{$prim_ip} = 1;
+        }
+        return &Apache::lonnet::do_cache_new('internetnames',$lonid,\@idns,12*60*60);
+    }
+
+}
+
+sub all_loncaparevs {
+    return qw(1.1 1.2 1.3 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10);
 }
 
 BEGIN {
@@ -9578,9 +10937,56 @@ BEGIN {
     close($config);
 }
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read loncaparev table
+{
+    if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/loncaparevs.tab") {
+        if (open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/loncaparevs.tab")) {
+            while (my $configline=<$config>) {
+                chomp($configline);
+                my ($hostid,$loncaparev)=split(/:/,$configline);
+                $loncaparevs{$hostid}=$loncaparev;
+            }
+            close($config);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------- Read serverhostID table
+{
+    if (-e "$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/serverhomeIDs.tab") {
+        if (open(my $config,"<$perlvar{'lonTabDir'}/serverhomeIDs.tab")) {
+            while (my $configline=<$config>) {
+                chomp($configline);
+                my ($name,$id)=split(/:/,$configline);
+                $serverhomeIDs{$name}=$id;
+            }
+            close($config);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+{
+    my $file = $Apache::lonnet::perlvar{'lonTabDir'}.'/releaseslist.xml';
+    if (-e $file) {
+        my $parser = HTML::LCParser->new($file);
+        while (my $token = $parser->get_token()) {
+            if ($token->[0] eq 'S') {
+                my $item = $token->[1];
+                my $name = $token->[2]{'name'};
+                my $value = $token->[2]{'value'};
+                if ($item ne '' && $name ne '' && $value ne '') {
+                    my $release = $parser->get_text();
+                    $release =~ s/(^\s*|\s*$ )//gx;
+                    $needsrelease{$item.':'.$name.':'.$value} = $release;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 # ------------- set up temporary directory
 {
-    $tmpdir = $perlvar{'lonDaemons'}.'/tmp/';
+    $tmpdir = LONCAPA::tempdir();
 
 }
 
@@ -9808,9 +11214,14 @@ authentication scheme
 
 =item *
 X<authenticate()>
-B<authenticate($uname,$upass,$udom)>: try to
+B<authenticate($uname,$upass,$udom,$checkdefauth,$clientcancheckhost)>: try to
 authenticate user from domain's lib servers (first use the current
 one). C<$upass> should be the users password.
+$checkdefauth is optional (value is 1 if a check should be made to
+   authenticate user using default authentication method, and allow
+   account creation if username does not have account in the domain).
+$clientcancheckhost is optional (value is 1 if checking whether the
+   server can host will occur on the client side in lonauth.pm).   
 
 =item *
 X<homeserver()>
@@ -9932,9 +11343,16 @@ modifyuserauth($udom,$uname,$umode,$upas
 
 =item *
 
-modifyuser($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last,$gene,
-           $forceid,$desiredhome,$email,$inststatus) : 
-modify user
+modifyuser($udom,$uname,$uid,$umode,$upass,$first,$middle,$last, $gene,
+           $forceid,$desiredhome,$email,$inststatus,$candelete) :
+
+will update user information (firstname,middlename,lastname,generation,
+permanentemail), and if forceid is true, student/employee ID also.
+A user's institutional affiliation(s) can also be updated.
+User information fields will not be overwritten with empty entries 
+unless the field is included in the $candelete array reference.
+This array is included when a single user is modified via "Manage Users",
+or when Autoupdate.pl is run by cron in a domain.
 
 =item *
 
@@ -10062,11 +11480,32 @@ revokecustomrole($udom,$uname,$url,$role
 
 =item *
 
-coursedescription($courseid) : returns a hash of information about the
+coursedescription($courseid,$options) : returns a hash of information about the
 specified course id, including all environment settings for the
 course, the description of the course will be in the hash under the
 key 'description'
 
+$options is an optional parameter that if supplied is a hash reference that controls
+what how this function works.  It has the following key/values:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item freshen_cache
+
+If defined, and the environment cache for the course is valid, it is 
+returned in the returned hash.
+
+=item one_time
+
+If defined, the last cache time is set to _now_
+
+=item user
+
+If defined, the supplied username is used instead of the current user.
+
+
+=back
+
 =item *
 
 resdata($name,$domain,$type,@which) : request for current parameter
@@ -10099,7 +11538,7 @@ createcourse($udom,$description,$url,$co
 
 =item *
 
-generate_coursenum($udom) : get a unique (unused) course number in domain $udom
+generate_coursenum($udom,$crstype) : get a unique (unused) course number in domain $udom for course type $crstype (Course or Community).
 
 =back
 
@@ -10397,7 +11836,82 @@ or lonTabs/domain.tab.
 
 =item *
 
-dirlist($uri) : return directory list based on URI
+dirlist() : return directory list based on URI (first arg).
+
+Inputs: 1 required, 5 optional.
+
+=over
+
+=item 
+$uri - path to file in filesystem (starts: /res or /userfiles/). Required.
+
+=item
+$userdomain - domain of user/course to be listed. Extracted from $uri if absent. 
+
+=item
+$username -  username of user/course to be listed. Extracted from $uri if absent. 
+
+=item
+$getpropath - boolean: 1 if prepend path using &propath(). 
+
+=item
+$getuserdir - boolean: 1 if prepend path for "userfiles".
+
+=item 
+$alternateRoot - path to prepend in place of path from $uri.
+
+=back
+
+Returns: Array of up to two items.
+
+=over
+
+a reference to an array of files/subdirectories
+
+=over
+
+Each element in the array of files/subdirectories is a & separated list of
+item name and the result of running stat on the item.  If dirlist was requested
+for a file instead of a directory, the item name will be ''. For a directory 
+listing, if the item is a metadata file, the element will end &N&M 
+(where N amd M are either 0 or 1, corresponding to obsolete set (1), or
+default copyright set (1).  
+
+=back
+
+a scalar containing error condition (if encountered).
+
+=over
+
+=item 
+no_host (no homeserver identified for $username:$domain).
+
+=item 
+no_such_host (server contacted for listing not identified as valid host).
+
+=item 
+con_lost (connection to remote server failed).
+
+=item 
+refused (invalid $username:$domain received on lond side).
+
+=item 
+no_such_dir (directory at specified path on lond side does not exist). 
+
+=item 
+empty (directory at specified path on lond side is empty).
+
+=over
+
+This is currently not encountered because the &ls3, &ls2, 
+&ls (_handler) routines on the lond side do not filter out
+. and .. from a directory listing. 
+
+=back
+
+=back
+
+=back
 
 =item *
 
@@ -10459,11 +11973,12 @@ splitting on '&', supports elements that
 
 =head2 Logging Routines
 
-=over 4
 
 These routines allow one to make log messages in the lonnet.log and
 lonnet.perm logfiles.
 
+=over 4
+
 =item *
 
 logtouch() : make sure the logfile, lonnet.log, exists
@@ -10479,6 +11994,7 @@ logperm() : append a permanent message t
 file never gets deleted by any automated portion of the system, only
 messages of critical importance should go in here.
 
+
 =back
 
 =head2 General File Helper Routines
@@ -10552,8 +12068,10 @@ userfileupload(): main rotine for puttin
            filename, and the contents of the file to create/modifed exist
            the filename is in $env{'form.'.$formname.'.filename'} and the
            contents of the file is located in $env{'form.'.$formname}
- coursedoc - if true, store the file in the course of the active role
-             of the current user
+ context - if coursedoc, store the file in the course of the active role
+             of the current user; 
+           if 'existingfile': store in 'overwrites' in /home/httpd/perl/tmp
+           if 'canceloverwrite': delete file in tmp/overwrites directory
  subdir - required - subdirectory to put the file in under ../userfiles/
          if undefined, it will be placed in "unknown"
 
@@ -10575,16 +12093,29 @@ returns: the new clean filename
 
 =item *
 
-finishuserfileupload(): routine that creaes and sends the file to
+finishuserfileupload(): routine that creates and sends the file to
 userspace, probably shouldn't be called directly
 
   docuname: username or courseid of destination for the file
   docudom: domain of user/course of destination for the file
   formname: same as for userfileupload()
-  fname: filename (inculding subdirectories) for the file
+  fname: filename (including subdirectories) for the file
+  parser: if 'parse', will parse (html) file to extract references to objects, links etc.
+  allfiles: reference to hash used to store objects found by parser
+  codebase: reference to hash used for codebases of java objects found by parser
+  thumbwidth: width (pixels) of thumbnail to be created for uploaded image
+  thumbheight: height (pixels) of thumbnail to be created for uploaded image
+  resizewidth: width to be used to resize image using resizeImage from ImageMagick
+  resizeheight: height to be used to resize image using resizeImage from ImageMagick
+  context: if 'overwrite', will move the uploaded file from its temporary location to
+            userfiles to facilitate overwriting a previously uploaded file with same name.
+  mimetype: reference to scalar to accommodate mime type determined
+            from File::MMagic if $parser = parse.
 
  returns either the url of the uploaded file (/uploaded/....) if successful
- and /adm/notfound.html if unsuccessful
+ and /adm/notfound.html if unsuccessful (or an error message if context 
+ was 'overwrite').
+ 
 
 =item *